Algae kwayoyin ne da ake samu musamman a cikin yanayin ruwa, kamar teku ko koguna. Suna da ikon aiwatar da hotuna, wato, canza makamashin rana zuwa abinci, shi yasa suke girma a wuraren da hasken rana zai iya kaiwa.
Kodayake da farko yana iya zama aƙalla son sani, mutane sun gano abubuwa biyu masu ban sha'awa sosai: ɗaya abin ci ne, yana ƙara su a cikin ganyayyaki ko kayan lambu misali, ɗayan kuma kamar taki ne na shuke-shuke. A zahiri, takin tsire-tsire mai tsire-tsire yana ɗaya daga cikin cikakke waɗanda zamu iya ba wa albarkatu. Don haka, bari mu ga menene wadannan kwayoyin halitta.
Menene algae?
Ruwan teku sune galibin kwayoyin halittun ruwa da ke da karfin daukar hoto. Suna iya zama na’urar salula ko na’urar salula, ta fi girma ko karami, amma dukkansu ana rabe su ne a cikin yankin Eukaryota (eukaryotic), tunda suna da kwayar halitta ta gaskiya kuma da kyau.
An yi imanin cewa sun fara karatu a zamanin Girka ta dā, tunda an san cewa a wancan lokacin sun riga sun yi amfani da kalmar "phykos" wanda ke fassara azaman tsiron marine. "Phykos" daga ƙarshe za'a maye gurbinsa da "fucus", wanda ke nufin algae kuma wanda, ban da haka, ya ba da sunansa ga ɗayan algae mai ruwan kasa (Fucus) wanda zamu gani a ƙasa abin da suke.
Menene nau'ikan nau'in algae 4?
Algae yawanci ana rarraba su kamar haka:
- Koren algae: Yawancin lokaci ana sanya su a matsayin tsire-tsire, tunda a haƙiƙa an yarda cewa tsire-tsire na ƙasa suna sauka ne daga garesu. Suna iya zama na’urar salula ko salon salula. Suna rayuwa ne a cikin ruwa mai kyau, kodayake kashi 10% na jinsin suna rayuwa a cikin tekuna.
- Brown algae: su kwayoyin halitta ne na asali, ma'ana, su ba tsirrai bane, kuma ba fungi bane ko dabbobi. Suna kuma aka sani da launin ruwan kasa algae. Kari akan haka, suna da matukar mahimmanci ga dabbobi da tsirrai da yawa, tunda sune manyan masu samar da kwayoyin halitta, wadanda suke fara abinci ko sarkar kayan abinci.
- Red algae. , amma cewa kawai Plantae ne, masarautar koren shuke-shuke).
- Sauran masu gabatarwa: wannan rukuni na ƙarshe ya haɗa da diatoms, kriptophytes, ko dinoflagellate. Dukansu ɓangare ne na phytoplankton.
Curiosities na algae
Yawancin algae suna da halaye na gaske don su rayu. Misali, lokacin da koren algae da cyanobacteria suka kulla alaƙar zumunci tare da fungi, suna haifar da lichens. Kari akan haka, yawancin algae unicellular suna rayuwa cikin dabbobi, misali bayyananne shine murjani, kula da alakar da zasu iya rayuwa a cikin yanayin da ke son ci gaban su.
Wani gaskiyar abin shine akwai wasu algae wadanda suke cutarwa. Misali, akwai wasu Prototheca wadanda ke haifar da cutar sankarau a cikin shanu; kalaman Phormidium yana da ƙoshin lafiya, wanda shine cyanobacterium, wanda ke lalata murjani.
Menene asalin algae?
Kodayake ba zai yiwu a san tabbas lokacin da suka samo asali ba, an yi imanin cewa sun yi hakan ne kimanin shekaru miliyan 1600 da suka gabata, a lokacin Mesoproterozoic. Red algae zai yi shi kimanin shekaru miliyan 1200 da suka gabata, kuma koren algae shekaru miliyan 1000 da suka gabata.
Kuma saboda wannan, yanayin muhalli sun taka mahimmiyar rawa. Misali, koren algae sun samo asali don daidaitawa zuwa ruwa mai guba, tare da pH tsakanin 0,05 da 3 kuma tare da yanayin zafi wanda zai iya kaiwa 50ºC ko fiye; da kuma jan algae suna rayuwa a cikin muhallai masu zurfin mita 260, inda ƙarancin rana yake isa.
Amfani da algae
Algae suna da amfani da yawa, kamar:
Manuniyar canjin yanayi
Algae kwayoyin autotrophic ne, ma'ana, suna iya yin abincinsu ta hanyar hoto. Amma kamar kowane abu mai rai, suna amsawa ta wata hanya ko kuma wani lokacin da yanayin da suke rayuwa ya canza. A saboda wannan dalili, mutane suna taimaka mana don ganin tasirin ɗumamar yanayi a cikin teku.
Kodayake ba kawai suna amsawa lokacin da zafin jiki ya tashi / faduwa ba, a'a. Ruwan asid na teku, wanda sauyin yanayi da gurbatar yanayi ya haifar, yana haifar da algae don yaɗuwa. Lokacin da kuka sanya takin mai magani a cikin ruwa, ainihin abin da kuke yi shi ne ciyar da algae, wanda zai yi girma da sauri ta yadda ba za su bar sararin shuke-shuke ko dabbobin da ke zaune a wurin ba.
Wannan kuma yana shafar kamun kifi sabili da haka abincinmu, saboda za a fara samun karancin kifi wanda ba zai sami damar ciyarwa da kyau ba.
Yanzu, ba duk abin ya zama mummunan ba. Akwai amfani biyu da muke ba wa algae kuma suna da matukar ban sha'awa, kamar yadda muka ambata a farkon. Kuma bari mu fara da magana game da algae mai cin abinci.
Amfani da abinci
Cin algaita lokaci-lokaci zai taimaka mana samun ingantacciyar lafiya, saboda Suna da antibacterial, anti-inflammatory Properties kuma zasu taimaka mana kula da lafiyar fata. Hakanan yawanci ana haɗa su a cikin abincin waɗanda ke fama da cutar ta hypothyroidism, saboda suna da wadataccen iodine kuma, kuma, a cikin zare. Amma a: kar a zagi.
Misali a kasar Japan, sun dade suna cin su, don haka an gano tsirrai na cikin su dauke da kwayoyin cuta da ke taimaka musu wajen narkar da su: Bacteroides masu kwazo. Don haka sai dai idan kuna da dangin Japan kai tsaye, kuna da wahala ku daidaita su da kyau.
A cikin lambu
Mun zo bangaren da cewa, idan muka shuka shuke-shuke, tabbas za mu fi sha'awar sa. Ana amfani da algae a matsayin takin mai magani da kuma na biostimulants (kamar yadda wannan). Suna da wadataccen kayan abinci, kamar su nitrogen, potassium ko phosphorus, saboda haka suna da kyau madadin takin mai magani.
Bugu da kari, gwargwadon yadda suke gabatarwa, muna da su a matsayin takin foliar, ma’ana, wadanda ake shafawa kai tsaye ga ganyayyaki, da takin da ake amfani da shi ta hanyar ban ruwa, a jika kasa yadda jijiyoyin su sha. Amma don ya zama da amfani sosai a gare mu yana da matukar mahimmanci a bi umarnin don amfani, tunda suna mai da hankali sosai kan takin zamani.
Muna fatan wannan labarin game da algae ya kasance mai ban sha'awa a gare ku.