Menene Araucaria kuma yaya ake kula dasu?

Kuna son conifers? Wadannan tsirrai suna daga cikin mafiya dadadden tarihi a duniya: sun fara halittar su ne kusan shekaru miliyan 300 da suka gabata, a lokacin Carboniferous. Girman su zuwa wani matsayi wanda har zuwa yanzu ba'a iya riskar su ba, a hankali sun sami ikon mallakar duk duniya. Zuwa yau, an bayyana wasu nau'ikan 575, an rarraba su cikin jinsi, ɗayansu shine Araucaria.

Wannan tsiron yana da kyau, ya dace da waɗancan lambuna waɗanda aka kawata su da salon rustic, inda kake son ba da gudummawar abubuwan da suka gabata don juya su zuwa wurare masu ban mamaki. Kuna so ku sani game da ita?

Asali da halaye na Araucaria

Jarumar mu nau'in halittar conifers ne wanda ya samo asali yayin zamanin Mesozoic, kimanin shekaru miliyan 251 da suka gabata. Kodayake ba a kafa asalin irin wannan ba, a yau ana samunsa galibi a Amurka, musamman a kudu maso tsakiyar Chile, Argentina, Uruguay, kudancin Brazil da gabashin Paraguay; a cikin Oceania kuma akwai su: nau'ikan 13 suna da alamun New Caledonia, Tsibirin Norfolk, gabashin Australia da New Guinea.

Ta yaya suke? Waɗannan bishiyoyi ginshiƙi ne, kuma suna iya kaiwa tsayi mai ban mamaki, daga mita 30 zuwa 80. Rassan yawanci a kwance suke kuma a rabe suke, an rufe su da fata na fata ko acicular, kuma suna iya zama masu ƙyalƙyali da kunkuntar, ko kuma faɗi da faɗi.

Su shuke-shuke ne, ma'ana, maza da mata cones suna kan ƙafa daban. Na farko suna da ƙanana da sifofi masu siffa, 4 zuwa 10 cm da faɗi 1,5 zuwa 5 cm; na biyun, a gefe guda, suna da diamita daga 7 zuwa 25cm, dunƙule kuma suna ɗauke da manyan 80 zuwa 200 manya, manya da tsaba iri iri waɗanda suke kama da ɗiyan pines amma sun fi girma.

Suna da saurin saurin girma, kimanin 2-3cm a shekara., amma wasu daga cikin mafi kyaun kayan adon da zamu iya samu, tunda suma suna daya daga cikin wadanda suke da tsawon rai: An samo samfuran shekaru 2.000.

Babban nau'in

Akwai sassa biyu a cikin nau'in, waxanda suke:

Sashin Araucaria

Suna da ganye masu fadi da kwane-kwane fiye da 12cm. Mafi shahararrun nau'ikan sune:

Araucaria angustifolia

An san shi da Pineá pine, Brazil pine, mishan araucaria ko curý, asalin ƙasar ta Brazil ne kuma ana iya samun sa a cikin Paraguay. Zai iya girma zuwa 50 mita, kuma gangar jikinsa yayi kauri don auna mita 1 a diamita.

araucaria auracana

An san shi da Araucaria de Chile, araucaria pine, Pine na Chile, pine na hannu, pewen ko pehuén. Yana da asalin ƙasar Chile, da kuma kudu maso tsakiya da kudu maso yamma na Argentina. Ya kai tsawo har zuwa mita 50, tare da madaidaiciya, madaidaiciya kuma akwati mai kauri (har zuwa 3m). Kambin ya fara yin reshe na mita da yawa daga ƙasa, kuma an kafa shi ta allura mai wuya (ganye), an bayar da shi tare da mucron mai duhu kore (ƙaya) a ƙarshen.

Labari mai dangantaka:

Araucaria na Chile (Araucaria araucana)

Araucaria bidwilli

An san shi da itacen bunya, yana da nau'in jinsin kudu maso gabashin Queensland (Ostiraliya). Ya kai tsayi mai ban sha'awa, kodayake bai kai irin na baya ba: 30-40 mita. Yana da siffar pyramidal ta ƙasa ko ƙasa, reshe fewan mitoci daga ƙasa.

Sashin Eutacta

Araucaria heterophylla (wanda yake daidai da Araucaria excelsa)

An san shi da Araucaria excelsa, Araucaria ko Norfolk Island Pine, tsire-tsire ne na tsibirin Norfolk wanda girma 50-80 mita. Rassan suna kusan kwance ko dan kaɗan, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa wani lokaci ana kiransa pine mai storied.

Labari mai dangantaka:

Norfolk pine (Araucaria heterophylla)

Araucaria Montana

Yana da wani conifer endemic na New Caledonia cewa ya kai tsayin mita 10-40. Tana da rassa masu yawa da yawa. Manyan ganye suna kama da sikeli, mai kaifi zuwa obtuse, ovate, launin kore mai duhu.

Wace kulawa kuke bukata?

Shin kuna la'akari da samun ɗaya a cikin lambun ku? Idan haka ne, ga jagoran kulawarku:

Yanayi

Kodayake yana da saurin ci gaba, Muna ba da shawarar adana Araucaria a waje, a cikin cikakkiyar rana ko a cikin inuwa mai ɗan gajeren lokaci. Zai iya zama a cikin gida na fewan shekaru, amma da shigewar lokaci za a tilasta mu dauke shi a waje.

Asa ko substrate

Ba mai buƙata ba, amma ya dace cewa tana da magudanar ruwa mai kyau, tunda in ba haka ba ba zai bata kudinka ba sai dai kuma kana iya samun matsala da yawan danshi. Kuna da ƙarin bayani game da wannan batun a nan.

Watse

Kowace kwanakin 3-4 a lokacin rani, kuma kowace 6-7 kwanakin sauran shekara. Dole ne mu guji yin ruwa. Idan muna da shi a cikin tukunya tare da farantin ƙasa, za mu cire ruwan da ya wuce minti goma bayan shayarwa.

Mai Talla

A lokacin bazara da bazara dole ne a biya shi, ko dai tare da Takin gargajiya kamar yadda ake hada su (sinadarai). Idan yana kan ƙasa ne, za mu iya sanya taki ko takin zamani mai tsawon 3cm sau ɗaya a wata, amma a yanayin kasancewa cikin tukunya yana da kyau sosai a yi amfani da takin mai ruwa bisa umarnin da aka ayyana akan akwatin.

Karin kwari

Yana da matukar juriya, amma ana iya kai masa hari 'yan kwalliya, wanda za'a iya kawar dashi tare da maganin kashe maganin cochineal ko, idan tsiron matashi ne, tare da swab daga kunnuwan da aka jiƙa a cikin giyar kantin magani.

Shuka lokaci ko dasawa

Mafi kyawun lokacin don canza shi zuwa gonar ko zuwa babbar tukunya shine a cikin bazara, lokacin da haɗarin sanyi ya wuce. Dole dasawa ga mai karɓa babba dole ne ayi kowane shekara biyu.

Rusticity

Araucaria za a iya girma a waje duk tsawon shekara a cikin yanayi mai sanyi, tare da sanyi har zuwa -10ºC.

Araucaria a matsayin tsire-tsire

A lokacin, musamman, lokacin bukukuwan Kirsimeti, abu ne na yau da kullun don samun Araucaria don amfani da itacen Kirsimeti. Amma, yaya ake samun kyakkyawa a cikin gidan? Da kyau, idan zaku sami guda ɗaya, ban da samar da kulawar da muka ambata a baya, yana da matukar mahimmanci ka ajiye shi a cikin daki mai haske, nesa da dumama. Iskokin iska suna shafar sa da yawa, har ya zuwa wannan lokacin da ganyensa da sauri ya zama ruwan kasa.

A gefe guda, kodayake ba shi da mahimmanci, Zai taimaka sosai don sanya shi da lafiya idan kun sanya danshi a kusa ko tabarau tare da ruwa kewaye da shi. Don haka, tabbas zai sami ƙarfi kuma ya ci nasara kowace shekara.

Menene amfani dashi?

Duk waɗannan:

• Kayan ado: A matsayin keɓaɓɓen samfurin ko cikin ƙungiyoyi warwatse, yayi kyau a cikin lambu.
• Kafinta: Itace ake amfani da ita wurin gina gidaje, aljihun tebur, kwantena, kayan ɗaki, marufi, allon, plywood da veneers.
• Abincin Culinario: tsaba suna cin abinci, kuma suma suna da wadatar carbohydrates.
• Magani: Fata daga jikin wasu jinsuna, kamar su A. auracana, ana amfani da su wajen magance cututtukan fata na fata.

Me kuka yi tunanin Araucaria? Kuna da wani?