Menene fa'idar tsire-tsire iri?

Tsaba sune Ultima mallakar yanayi (na wannan lokacin). Tsire-tsire na farko da suka bayyana ba su samar da su ba, amma sun ninka godiya ga spores, waɗanda iska ke ɗauke da su. Amma kimanin miliyan 380 da suka gabata wannan ya fara canzawa. Halittu masu tsire-tsire sun fito, waɗanda ake kira shuke-shuke na jijiyoyin jini, waɗanda suka hayayyafa ta wata hanya daban. Ta wata hanyar da hakan zata iya kasancewa ita ce hanyar da ta fi dacewa ta Masarautar Shuka. Amma, Menene fa'idar tsire-tsire iri?

A cikin wannan labarin zamu gaya muku duk abin da kuke buƙatar sani game da fa'idar tsire-tsire iri da kwatancen da sauran hanyoyin shuka.

Menene iri

Lokacin da muke magana game da fa'idodin tsirrai tare da tsaba, dole ne mu koma ga fa'idodin juyin halitta da sauƙin dasa shuki don amfanin gona, aikin lambu da noma. Abu na farko shine nuna hakan iri shine asalin asalin shuka. Yana iya samun girma daban-daban, siffofi daban-daban, amma ba tare da bayyana da kuma tsiron da ya samar da shi ba, a ciki zamu sami duk bayanan halittar da ake bukata don samar da wani sabon samfurin, koda kuwa wannan kwayar ba ta da nauyi fiye da 'yan kadan gram.

Amma menene ya faru lokacin da ya rabu da uwar shuka? A gaskiya, ba matsala mai tsanani ba ce. Ba kamar spores ba, ana baza tsaba saboda taimakon dabbobi, babba ko karami. Misali, idan karnuka suka wuce ta yankin ciyawa za su iya karewa da fiye da iri a haɗe da gashinsu. Waɗannan zasu ƙare da faɗuwa a wani wuri nesa da iyayensu lokacin da furcin ya girgiza ko kuma lokacin da ɗan adam ya ɗauke su. Tufafi da takalman da muke ɗauka suma suna matsayin hanyar jigilar tsaba.

Jerin tsire-tsire tare da tsaba

Akwai manyan nau'ikan shuke-shuke guda biyu waɗanda suke da tsaba. Wasu daga cikinsu suna ba da seedsa seedsan barewa waɗanda ba a rufe su ba ko suka girma a cikin ɓauren fruita fruitan itacen. Wannan nau'in shuka an san shi da motsa jiki. Nau'in tsire-tsire iri na biyu sun fi haɓaka kuma an san su da sunan angiosperms. Su ne waɗanda ke da tsaba tare da furanni kuma a ƙarshe suna samar da 'ya'yan itatuwa waɗanda ke ƙunshe da ƙarin tsaba a ciki.

Daga cikin misalan tsirrai tare da tsaba muna da wannan jerin wasu daga cikin sanannun sanannun:

1. Itacen Apple
2. itacen pear
3. Itace lemun tsami
4. Peach itace
5. Naranjo
6. Almond
7. Itace Olive
8. Apricot
9. Tumatir
10. Cherry
11. Hazel
12. Ayaba
13. Plum
14. Itacen kwakwa
15. Chestnut
16. A avocado shuka
17. Itacen mangwaro
18. Ifunƙun duwatsu
19. Itacen oak
20. Cork itacen oak

Su ne waɗanda aka fi amfani dasu duka don amfani da kayan lambu a cikin lambuna da cikin albarkatu don samarwa da sayarwa.

Fa'idodi na shuke-shuke iri a cikin juyin halitta

Amma baya ga samun taimako - sau da yawa ba sa sha'awar - na dabbobi, ana iya tarwatsa tsire-tsire ta wasu hanyoyi: kamar ruwa. Misali, mai hawan dutse Jirgin shiga, wanda ke zaune a cikin gandun daji na wurare masu zafi na Kudancin Amurka, yana amfani da teku don mallakar wasu yankuna. Yana yi da kyau sosai har yana iya isa Turai, tabbas idan hakan ta faru da rashin alheri ba zata iya tsirowa ba saboda yanayin Turai ya fi mazaunin shi sanyi.

Kodayake idan akwai wani abu da zai iya jan hankali sosai, to iyawar tsaba ne, wato, tsawon lokacin da zasu iya ci gaba. Gaskiya ne cewa akwai wasu nau'ikan da dole ne su nemo yanayin da ya dace da kwayar halittar su 'yan kwanaki bayan fadowa daga mahaifiyarsu, amma akwai wasu da za su iya yi ko da bayan shekaru, kamar su Magnolia da Sir David Attenborough ya gano kuma cewa zaka iya gani a nan.

Duk waɗannan halayen suna yin daga mahangar juyin halitta tsaba suna da babban nasara. Kuma shine fa'idodin shuke-shuke tare da tsaba za a iya taƙaita su a cikin waɗannan maki:

• Sauƙaƙe don sake kunnawa
• Successfularin nasarar rayuwar jinsin
• Mafi girman yanki na rarrabawa
• Mafi kyawun kiyayewa
• Amfani da yanayin halittu da haɓaka mazaunin. Idan shuka ba ta cikin yanayi mai kyau a cikin mazaunin halitta, ta hanyar yaɗa ƙwayayenta ko ta hanyar tarawa ko amfani da dabbobi don yin hakan, za ta iya samun wani mazaunin da zai ci gaba. Ta wannan hanyar, yankin rarraba wani nau'in na iya ƙaruwa sosai.

Fa'idodi na tsirrai iri a cikin albarkatu

Yanzu zamu ci gaba da nazarin menene fa'idodin tsirrai tare da tsaba daga mahangar amfanin gona. Wato, waɗanne fa'idodi ne tsire-tsire waɗanda aka shuka ta iri ko waɗanda suke, akasin haka, ana shuka su da yanka. Idan kun fara girma da wasu samfura tare da tsaba ya kamata ku tuna cewa daga baya za a dasa a shirya kafin a kai ku waje. Sauran shuke-shuke waɗanda suke a waje suna tafiya kai tsaye zuwa ƙasa. Zamu bincika menene fa'idar shuka tare da tsaba a cikin amfanin gona:

• Tare da iri kuna da damar da za ku zaɓi tsakanin keɓaɓɓun halayen jinsin. Daga cikin wadannan halaye muna da girman 'ya'yan itace, bayyanar su, lokacin furannin su da kuma juriyar cututtuka.
• Shuke-shuke da ke girma daga iri yawanci sun fi karfi kuma suna iya samar da amfanin gona mai yawa.
• Tushensa an sanya shi a mafi zurfin zurfi don haka tana iya ɗaukar kyawawan abubuwan gina jiki da haɓaka sosai.

Kamar yadda shuka da iri zai iya samar da wasu fa'idodi, hakanan yana da wasu fa'idodi. Waɗannan su ne kamar haka:

• Idan ka fara da iri dole ne ka fara aikin bautar da farko. Duk wannan yana yin 'ya'yan itacen sun dauki tsayi kafin su iso.
• Theimar ƙwayar ƙwayar dukkan tsaba ba ta da yawa. Wasu ana shuka su da ƙwaya waɗanda ba za su taɓa tsirowa ba.
• Tsohuwa ko kuma tsaba tsaba tsaba suna girma a hankali.

Fa'idodi da rashin amfanin shuka ta hanyar yankan

A takwararta, don noman lambu da aikin gona cuttings na iya zama dace. Bari mu ga menene fa'idodi da rashin fa'idar shuka ta yankewa:

• Ventajas: cuttings suna ba da hanzarin farawa ga amfanin gona tunda sun riga sun kasance ƙananan plantsan tsire-tsire. Idan muka kwatanta wannan girma da ci gaban da iri, zai fi sauri. Wannan yana sanya saurin girbi.
• Kuna da cikakken tabbaci game da samun tsire-tsire mata waɗanda ke da mahimmanci don amfanin gona.
• Abubuwa mara kyau: Ana samun yankan ne ta wata hadaddiyar hanya, don haka idan baku san yadda ake yanka daga uwar shuka ba, yana iya zama rashin nasara.
• Akwai nau'ikan nau'ikan tsire-tsire masu yawa don yankan.
• Hakanan akwai haɗarin cewa yankan zai iya watsa cututtuka da kwari.

Kamar yadda zaku iya gani, idan mukayi nazari ta mahangar juyin halitta, iri ya samar da fa'idodi da yawa don nasara da kiyaye nau'in. A gefe guda, idan muka bincika ta mahangar amfanin gona, zaku iya yin hayar ƙarin don amfani da yankan. Ina fatan cewa tare da wannan bayanin zaku iya koyo game da fa'idodin tsirrai iri.