A cikin duniya akwai shuke-shuke da yawa waɗanda, don ƙarin fahimtar juyin halittarsu da kuma iya nazarin su ta hanya mafi sauƙi, abin da aka yi shi ne don rarraba su cikin iyalai masu ilimin tsirrai. A cikin kowane ɗayan waɗannan rukuni ko iyalai sun haɗa da nau'ikan tsire-tsire waɗanda ke da halaye na asali, kamar nau'in ganye da fure, mazaunin da suke haɓakawa, da sauransu. Ofaya daga cikin mafi kyawun shine wanda aka sani da Liliaceae.
Wannan sunan na iya tuna muku wani, na furannin (Lilium), kuma da kyakkyawan dalili. A zahiri, waɗannan tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire suna cikin iyali. Amma ba su kadai ba ne. San su.
Menene halayen Liliaceae?
Yana da jerin tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire, sau da yawa bulbous ko, mafi wuya, rhizomatous, wanda yawanci suna samar da manyan furanni masu launuka masu ban sha'awa, wadanda suka hada da petals shida, stamens shida da kuma ovary guda daya wadanda aka hada su a cikin maganganu marasa amfani. Ganyayyakin suna karkace ne ko murza-leda, tare da wani tsari na daban, mai sauki kuma tare da jijiyoyin layi daya.
'Ya'yan itacen suna capsules, ko da wuya' ya'yan itace. A ciki suna dauke da lebur, iri mai faifai ko tsaba ta duniya. Koyaya, a cikin noma kawai suna hayayyafa ta hanyar jima'i (ta amfani da 'ya'yansu) yayin neman ƙirƙirar sababbin ƙira, ko lokacin da kuke son samun ƙwarewar kula da lily daga farko.
Sake bugun
Bulbous tsire-tsire suna samar da 'ƙananan kwararan fitila' bayan fure. Wadannan, wadanda suka kai girman aƙalla santimita 1-2, ana iya raba su da mahaifiya (ko don zama takamaimai, daga 'kwan fitila') kuma a dasa su a cikin sauran tukwane ko kuma a wasu yankuna na lambun.
Kuma idan abin da kuke so shi ne raba rhizomatous, za mu ci gaba da cire su daga ƙasa ko kwantena a cikin kaka ko hunturu, idan har sun kasance cikakkun lokutan hutawa, ku tsabtace tushen da ruwa kaɗan, ku yanke su. tabbatar da cewa kowane yanki yana da aƙalla maɓallin girma guda ɗaya (tsinkaye, ta inda ganye zai tsiro).
Fananan iyalai na Liliaceae
An gano uku:
- Lilioideae: galibi sune tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire waɗanda ke da tushe mai sauƙi da ganye tare da jijiyoyin layi ɗaya. Furannin suna da girma kuma fruita fruitan itace isan kwali ne mai flata flatan tsaba. Misalai: Lilium ko Fritillaria.
- Calocortoideae: Su shuke-shuke ne masu ganye waɗanda aka shirya jijiyoyin su a layi ɗaya, kuma suna samar da manyan furanni ba tare da salo ba ko kuma da gajere. 'Ya'yan itacen kwantena ne. Misalai: Calochortus ko Prosartes.
- Medeoloideae: shine dangin tsirrai wadanda suke samarda tsintsa zuriya wacce wasu jinsi biyu suka kirkira: Clintonia da Medeola.
Daga ina suka samo asali?
Jinsin dangin Liliaceae yan asalin asalin yankuna ne na arewacin arewa, amma sun fi yawa a kudu maso yammacin Asiya. Suna zaune ne a cikin ciyawar ciyawa, wacce kowace bazara ke sanya tufafi masu kawata furanni waɗanda ƙudan zuma, butterflies, da sauran kwari da ke cin ciyawar fure ko ruwan sanyi.
Misalai 5 na shuke-shuke a cikin dangin Liliaceae
Don haka kuna iya ganin yadda waɗannan tsirrai suke, ga wasu misalai:
Lilium takara
An san shi da lily ko lily, bulbous ne wanda yake asalin kasar Syria da Palestine. Daga cikin kwan fitilarsa yana tsiro da ganye mai laushi da koren ganye har tsawon mita 1, kuma daga ƙarshenta furanni suna fitowa kowane bazara. Wadannan farare ne, hermaphrodites, da kuma samar da ruwan zuma. 'Ya'yan itacen kwantena ne mai ɗauke da' ya'yan ƙasa masu haske.
Fritillaria mulkin mallaka
An san shi a matsayin kambi na sarki, babban harshe ne na asalin Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Turkey da Himalayas. Wayoyinta masu ganye sun kai tsayi kusan mita 1, kuma ganyen koren lanceolate mai haske yana fitowa daga gare su. Furannin suna bayyana a lokacin bazara, a watan Afrilu zuwa Mayu a arewacin duniya, kuma suna da ja, rawaya ko lemu.
Tulipa gesterina
Hoto - Wikimedia / Fizykaa
Ana kiran sa tulip na lambu, kuma jinsin shuke-shuke ne masu asali na Asiya. Mafi yawan al'adun tulips ana siyarwa daga gicciye tare da wannan nau'in. Ganye mai yalwa yana girma daga kwan fitilarsa, tsawon sa zuwa santimita 3, tare da kaifafai masu kaifi da kuma kyakkyawan launi mai duhu mai duhu. Furannin suna da girma da launuka daban-daban, kodayake ja da rawaya sun fi yawaita.
Prosartes ya cika
Hoton - Wikimedia / Sten Porse
El Prosartes ya cika Jinsi ne na rhizomatous wanda yake asalin Arewacin Amurka, musamman asalinsa zuwa California. Tsayinsa bai wuce santimita 20 ba, kuma yana haɓaka faɗi, koren ganye masu ƙyalƙyali. Furannin ta masu kamannin ƙararrawa, farare, kuma sun tsiro a cikin bazara. 'Ya'yan itacen itacen lemu ne ko jan ja kimanin santimita ɗaya faɗi.
Kayan Clintonia
Hoton - Flickr / brewbooks
La Kayan Clintonia nau'in jinsin rhizomatous ne wanda yake asalin yammacin Amurka ta yamma. Kawai yana haɓaka ganye 2-3 masu faɗi da tsayi sosai, koren launi mai launi. Furannin nata farare ne da kanana. 'Ya'yan itacen zagaye ne, suna daɗaɗɗen shuɗi mai tsawon santimita ɗaya.
Me kuke tunani game da abin da kuka koya game da Liliaceae? Kuna da wani?