Tsire-tsire waɗanda ke da wani ɓangare mai cin abinci sau da yawa sune waɗanda suka ƙare da samun kwari da cututtuka. Akwai kwari iri-iri, fungi, ƙwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda ke shafar su. Itacen inabi, shahararren mai hawa dutsen lokacin bukukuwan Kirsimeti, yana da masifa na kasancewa mai matukar rauni ga nau'in aphid da aka sani da phylloxera.
Wannan wata mummunar annoba ce wacce ta kusan share gonakin inabin Malaga a cikin 1878. Duk da komai, zamu iya mallakar tushen gindi, amma ... Ta yaya zamu iya sanin cewa tsiron mu yana da phylloxera?
Menene itacen inabi phylloxera?
Phylloxera na itacen inabi, wanda sunansa na kimiyya yake Viteus vitfoliae) ɗan asalin aphid ne na Amurka, inda yake cin ganye da tushen itacen inabi na Amurka. Dawafin sa akan wadannan tsirrai shine kamar haka:
- Kwan kwan ya mamaye cikin bawon shukar.
- Yana kyankyasar kwan a cikin Maris-Afrilu (Arewacin Hemisphere), yana bayyana tsutsa.
- Tsutsayen suna zuwa ganyayyaki kuma suna cizonsu a ƙasan, inda ake samun gyambo mai launin rawaya, kuma tana yin kwai har 600.
- Kashi 10% daga cikin wadannan qwai sun kasance suna yin gall a jikin ganyayyakin (wanda zai iya kasancewa neogallic-kaza aphids), yayin da kashi 90% suka yi kaura zuwa asalinsu (neogallic-root aphids).
Phylloxeras sun sauko daga asalin hibernate a cikin asalinsu har zuwa Yuni, wanda ya zama nymphs. Kowace mace tana yin ƙwai a cikin ɓawon burodi, don haka fara sabon zagaye.
Menene alamun / lalacewar da yake haifarwa?
Lalacewar su ne, a mafi yawan lokuta, masu munin gaske. Muna iya ganin su a cikin:
- Bar: bayyanar gill na wani kauri, rawaya, a ƙasan.
- Tushen: lumps a cikin nau'i na kulli ko tuberosities waɗanda ke katse ruwan ruwan.
A cikin shekarar farko baza mu iya gane cewa tana da shi ba, amma a lokacin na biyu, zamu ga yadda gefunan ganyayyakin suka rasa chlorophyll, cewa thea fruitsan suna faduwa kafin su nuna sannan kuma, a ƙarshe, shukar ta mutu saboda ruɓewa daga tushen .
Shin za'a iya hana shi?
An yi sa'a, haka ne. Rigakafin ya kunshi saya vinea vinean itacen inabi na Turai akan tushen tsayayya da phylloxera, kamar Riparia, Rupestris ko Berlandieri, ko dai tsarkakakku ko haɗuwa.