Menene tsire-tsire na angiosperm?

Tsirrai na Angiosperm sune rukuni mafi girma a Masarautar Shuka. Sun mallaki mulkin mallaka kusan duk duniya, kuma duk godiya ga daidaitawar su. Su ne waɗanda aka fi nomawa a cikin lambuna, kuma wannan shine ... wa ba ya son fure?

Bari mu kara koyo game da wadannan tsirrai masu ban sha'awa: asalinsu, menene yasa suka zama na musamman, da ƙari.

Asali da manyan halayen shuke-shuke na angiosperm

Angiosperms tsirrai ne waɗanda ke da furanni da fruitsa fruitsan itace tare da tsaba, wanda shine abin da ya bambanta su da wasan motsa jiki. Ana samun su a yawancin galibi na al'ummomin tsire-tsire: bishiyoyi, cacti, succulents, shuke-shuke masu ganye, shrubs, ... A cikin duka banda ferns, conifers, cycads da mosses. Sunyi nasarar daidaitawa da zama duka a cikin hamada mafi zafi da kuma cikin tsaunuka masu tsayi; akan kasa mai yashi da farar ƙasa.

Asalin waɗannan shuke-shuke masu ban sha'awa ana samun su a cikin yankuna masu zafi, yayin Cananan retasashe kimanin shekaru miliyan 145 da suka gabata. Da kaɗan kaɗan suna yaɗuwa zuwa yankunan da ke da saurin yanayi, har ya zuwa sanannun cewa suna maye gurbin wuraren motsa jiki.

Kodayake ba a san ko wane tsirrai suka fito ba ko yadda suka samo asali, godiya ga ragowar da aka samo za mu iya samun ra'ayin yadda suka fara:

• Kwayar Pollen: da farko sun yi kama da na wasan motsa jiki (wanda aka kafa shi da shi), amma daga baya sai hatsi da suka ci gaba suka bayyana (tri-colpados, tricolporados da triporados).
• Bar: na farkonsu cikakke ne, suna kama da na tsirrai masu tsattsauran ra'ayi (kamar su ganye)

Ta hanyar samun ƙananan furanni, tare da launuka masu haske, da kuma kare iri har sai ya gama balaga, yana sauƙaƙa shi ga al'ummomi masu zuwa su tsiro su sami ci gaba.

Nau'o'in tsire-tsire na Angiosperm da sunaye

Idan muka yi la'akari da cewa angiosperms na iya zama itatuwa, shrubbery, dabino, ganye, kwararan fitila y masu hawan dutse, zamu iya fahimtar yadda irin wannan tsiron yake da yawa. Sabili da haka, yin wannan zaɓi na sunayen tsire-tsire na angiosperm bai kasance da sauƙi ba, tunda dukkanmu muna da abubuwan da muke so da abubuwan da muke so.

Ko da hakane, ya kamata ku sani cewa an zaɓi waɗancan jinsunan cewa, ban da samun ƙimar ƙimar ado, suna da sauƙin kulawa da kulawa:

Itace - jacaranda mimosifolia

An san shi da jacaranda, jacaranda ko tarco, kuma itace itaciya ce wacce take asalin Kudancin Amurka. Zai iya kaiwa tsayin mita 12 zuwa 15, kuma rawaninta galibi yana kama da laima kuma yana auna mitoci 10-12 a diamita a ƙarƙashin kyakkyawan yanayi. Ganyen bipinnate ne, koren launi, kuma tsawonsa yakai 30 zuwa 50.

Blooms a cikin bazara, samar da adadi mai yawa na furanni masu launin shuɗi a cikin rukuni. Wani lokacin ma yakan yi fure a lokacin bazara, amma ya fi sauƙi. 'Ya'yan itacen suna ɗaukar kamannin castanet kuma suna ɗauke da tsaba masu fikafikai.

Tsayayya har zuwa -7ºC.

Shrub - Rough ya tashi

Wanda aka sani da Yaren Japan ya tashi ko Ramanas ya tashi, wani nau'in ƙaya ne mai ƙayatarwa daga gabashin Asiya. Msungiyoyin masu ɗumbin yawa tsakanin tsayin mita 1 zuwa 1,5, kuma yana tsiro da ganyen juzu'i tsawon 8 zuwa 15cm, kore.

Blooms daga bazara zuwa fada. Furanninta suna da ruwan hoda mai duhu zuwa fari, 6 zuwa 9cm a diamita, kuma suna da ƙamshi. 'Ya'yan itacen babban katon fure ne, 2-3cm a diamita, da ja.

Yana da kyau jure sanyi da sanyi zuwa -15ºC.

Itacen dabino - phoenix canariensis

Wanda aka sani da Dabino Canary Island ko dabinon Tsibirin Canary, wani nau'in dabino ne wanda ya mamaye tsibirin Canary. Ya ƙera akwati guda ɗaya mai tsayin mita 12-15 da santimita 50 zuwa 70, an sanya masa rawani ta ganyen tsini tsawon mita 5 zuwa 7, kore.

Blooms a cikin bazara, samar da furanni da aka harhada a cikin inflorescences na rawaya mai launin shuɗi. 'Ya'yan itacen suna tsere ne, kimanin tsawon 2-3cm, na launi mai-ruwan lemo, kuma a ciki wanda muke samun iri.

Tsayayya har zuwa -7ºC.

Ganye - Zeyi mays

An san shi azaman masara ko tsiron masara, ciyawa ce ta asalin ƙasar Meziko. Tsarin rayuwarsa na shekara-shekara ne, ma'ana, ya kan girma, ya girma, ya yi fure ya kuma ba da fruita fruita sannan kuma ya bushe a cikin shekara guda kawai. Zai iya kaiwa kuma ya zarce mita ɗaya a tsayi, kuma yana tasowa mai tushe tare da fewan ƙananan lanceolate, koren ganye.

Blooms a cikin bazara-bazara, samar da inflorescences a cikin launin ruwan hoda-ruwan hoda. 'Ya'yan itacen shine abin da muka sani a matsayin cob, wanda ya kasance da seedsa yellowan rawaya da yawa ko hatsi.

Ba ya tsayayya da sanyi.

Kwan fitila - tulipa sylvestris

An san shi azaman tulip na daji, yana da nau'in tulip asalinsu daga Turai waɗanda suka sami damar yin bautar ƙasa a cikin Asiya, Arewacin Amurka da Afirka. Ya kai tsawo har zuwa santimita 50, kuma yana haifar da ganyen arba, basal ko caulinar na koren launi.

Blooms a cikin bazara, samar da furanni rawaya ko lemu. 'Ya'yan itacen shine kwantena wanda ya ƙunshi tsaba kusan 4mm.

Yana tsayayya da sanyi har zuwa -10ºC; Koyaya, dole ne ku tuna cewa bayan flowering sashin iska (ganye) ya bushe, ya bar kwan fitila kawai.

Hawa - wisteria sinensis

Wanda aka sani da wisteria ko china wisteria, yana da hauhawa da tsire-tsire masu tsiro ga China. Zai iya kaiwa tsayin mita 20 zuwa 30, haɓaka rassa na itace da ƙarfi, daga inda ganyayen pinnate suke girma har zuwa 25cm tsayi, kuma koren launi.

Blooms a tsakiyar bazara, samar da farin, ko galibi violet ko furannin shuɗi waɗanda aka haɗasu a gungu masu rataye 15 zuwa 20cm tsayi. 'Ya'yan itaciyar dogayen ruwan kasa ne mai tsawon 5-10cm, wanda ya kunshi wasu tsaba.

Tsayayya har zuwa -18ºC.

Me kuka gani game da wannan labarin? Muna fatan ya kasance mai ban sha'awa a gare ku.