Akwai tabbataccen imani cewa bishiyar dabino itace. Jumla ce da aka rubuta a cikin littattafai, bulogi da encyclopedias. Amma gaskiyar magana ita ce Su ne nau'ikan tsire-tsire guda biyu daban-daban., kuma. Ba kamar kwatanta itacen pine da maple ba: na farko itace conifer ne, na biyun kuwa bishiya ce mai fadi, i, amma suna da kakanni daya da irin salon rayuwa, don haka su biyun bishiyu ne. Itacen dabino wani labari ne.
Amma, menene bambanci tsakanin su? Me ya kamata mu duba mu ga ko itace itace ko dabino? Na gaba zan yi muku bayanin dalilin da yasa dabino ba bishiya bace.
Su tsire-tsire ne monocotyledonous
Hoto – Wikimedia/RickP
Kamar ciyawa, kodayake bishiyar dabino suna da gaske megaforbias (kattai masu girma). Lokacin da tsaba suka tsiro, cotyledon guda ɗaya (primitive leaf) ya tsiro, wanda yake tunawa da ciyawar ciyawa alal misali.. Ana iya raba wannan takarda zuwa takarda guda biyu, kamar yadda yake a cikin Wodyeta misali, amma yawanci yana da sauƙi, kamar na Phoenix ko Washingtonia.
Yanzu, kasancewar tsire-tsire monocotyledonous ya fi haka, kamar yadda zaku iya gani yanzu.
Suna ninka ne kawai ta tsaba
Ana amfani da hanyar yankan a ko'ina wajen yaɗuwar bishiyoyi, amma a cikin bishiyar dabino yana da wahala a daidaita shi. A gefe guda, akwai kaɗan waɗanda ke haɓaka kututtuka da yawa, kamar su Chamaerops humilis, Phoenix dactylifera, Cyrtostachys asalin o Nannorhops yana da alaƙa; kuma a daya, wadannan shuke-shuke ba su da cambium ko na biyu meristem. Kuma idan ba tare da wannan meristem ba, wanda ya kasance daga kwayoyin halitta, ba za a iya samun girma ba.
A gaskiya ma, Tsarinsa yana da fibrous, kuma ba itace ba. A saboda wannan dalili, gangar jikinsa ba gangar jikin ba ne, tun da yake su ma ba sa haɓaka zoben girma, amma an san wannan da sunan stipe. Idan muna son haifuwar bishiyar dabino ta hanyar jima'i, dole ne mu raba masu tsotsa - idan ta bunkasa su - da saiwoyi.
Suna girma a tsayi, ba a diamita ba
Hoton - Wikimedia / Forest & Kim Starr
Itacen dabino, kamar sauran ganyaye, suna iya girma kawai. Wannan suna yin haka ne saboda wani m meristem wanda ke da kariya a cikin tasha. Saboda haka, abin da za mu iya rikitar da bawon ƙwanƙwasa shine ragowar ganye da ke bushewa.
Kuma ba wai kawai ba, idan, alal misali, an ajiye su a cikin ƙananan tukwane na dogon lokaci kuma bayan 'yan shekaru an dasa su a cikin ƙasa, yayin da suke girma, za a ga cewa kara ko kututturen karya yana da alamar kunkuntar. a wani tsayin tsayi.
Bishiyar dabino ba sa tsiro
Daga cikin nau'in dabino sama da dubu 3 da aka bayyana. babu wanda ya rasa ganyensa (akalla, ba sakamakon yanayin ba). Kamar duk tsire-tsire, suna rasa su yayin da ganyen suka tsufa kuma sun bushe, amma ba komai. Mawallafin mu koyaushe suna buƙatar samun ƙaramin adadin ganye a duk shekara don girma da aiwatar da photosynthesis.
Ko da a cikin tashin gobara ko babban harin kwari, kuma idan har koli (ko jagorar girma) ba ta lalace ba, nan da nan sababbi za su toho.
Ganyen iri uku ne
Ganyen bishiya na iya zama iri-iri: lanceolate, obovate, elliptical, paripinnate, bipinnate, ... Amma na dabino kawai suna da uku: pinnate, costapalmate da dabino.
- ganyen pinnate: Ana yin su ta hanyar filaye ko leaflets waɗanda ke tsiro a kai tsaye a kan rachis, wanda shine tushe wanda ke haɗa shi da gangar jikin ƙarya. Misalai: Phoenix, Roystota, Cyrtostachys, Butia, Syagrus.
- dabino ganye: su ne masu siffar fanka, kamar na Washingtonia.
- Ganyen Costapalmate: suna da siffar zagaye ko murabba'i, sun kasu kashi-kashi masu yawa wadanda sukan yi " rataya ", kamar yadda yake a cikin nau'in Sabal.
Ana tattara furannin bishiyar dabino a cikin inflorescences koyaushe
Dukanmu mun ga itatuwan furanni a wani lokaci: yawancin su suna da ban sha'awa, tare da bambance-bambancen sassansu. Amma na dabino sun bambanta: koyaushe suna bayyana rukuni a cikin inflorescences, kuma wani lokacin waɗannan reshe. Furen suna da ƙanƙanta, santimita ɗaya a diamita ko ƙasa da haka, kuma galibi suna da haske a launi (rawaya, kirim; da wuya ruwan hoda ko ja).
Ba wai kawai: akwai wasu nau'ikan da suke fure sau ɗaya kawai a rayuwarsu, kamar yadda Hyphaene da baica ko Tahini spectabilis. Waɗannan tsire-tsire ne monocarpic. Kuma a'a, babu wata itaciya da take.
Tushen sa na zuwa
Tushen adventitious sune waɗanda ke tsiro daga wuri ɗaya, kuma duk suna da tsayi ko ƙasa da haka.. A wajen masu bishiyar dabino, haka suke farawa, amma kuma akwai wasu da za su iya zama iska. Alal misali, za su iya samar da su don inganta ƙwanƙwasa ƙasa, ko dai don suna cikin yankin da iska ke kadawa sosai, ko kuma saboda suna girma a kusa da magudanar ruwa.
Yaya zurfi suke tafiya? Ya dogara da nau'in da kuma inda kuke zama, amma za su iya auna har zuwa mita 15 idan ƙasa tana da laushi kuma samfurin ya kasance babba. Amma sabanin abin da ake iya gani, ba su da karfin karya lalurori. Wannan wani abu ne da ake iya tantancewa ta hanyar lura da bishiyar dabino da ta tsiro a kan kwalta: da zarar sararin samaniya ya kure, girmansa zai daina, idan kuma ya samu dama ta bangare daya, to zai yi girma zuwa wancan bangaren.
Gaskiya ɗaya ta ƙarshe: itatuwan dabino sun bayyana a baya fiye da bishiyoyi
Ko da yake ba bambancin jiki ba ne, amma yana da ban sha'awa a san cewa dabino sun fi tsire-tsire "zamani". A hakika, ya bayyana kimanin shekaru miliyan 140 da suka wuce; Maimakon haka, an san cewa kakanni na Ginkgo biloba, wanda shine daya daga cikin manyan bishiyoyi, ya riga ya wanzu fiye da shekaru miliyan 300 da suka wuce.
Lokacin da wani nau'in "sabon" na shuka ya fito, abu ne na al'ada don sababbin nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'i) ya fito daga tsire-tsire ya zama al'ada., yayin da suka mamaye wasu sassan yankin, kuma ba su wuce shekaru miliyan dari ba. Yanayin yanayi da ƙasa suna canzawa, ƙari ko ƙasa, a hankali ko sauri, amma suna canzawa. Lokacin da hakan ya faru, tsire-tsire dole ne su daidaita da wuri idan suna so su rayu.
Kuma duk wannan, bishiyar dabino ba za a iya la'akari da itace ba.