A ilmin halitta, rhizome wani tushe ne na karkashin kasa mai harbe da yawa. Wadannan masu tushe suna girma a kwance, suna ba da tushen ciyawa da harbe a kumburin su daban-daban. Rhizomes suna yada har abada. Bayan lokaci, mafi tsufa sassa sun mutu, amma sabon harbe ya rufe babban yanki kowace shekara. Suna ƙirƙirar rassa masu kauri tare da gajerun nodes. Akwai marasa adadi misalai na rhizomes wanda zai iya taimaka mana mu fahimci duk waɗannan.
A saboda wannan dalili, a cikin wannan labarin za mu gaya muku game da manyan misalan rhizomes da manyan halaye.
Misalai na rhizomes da halayen su
Ana ɗaukar rhizomes a ƙarƙashin ƙasa mai tushe tare da kwararan fitila, tubers, da rhizomes. Tushen ƙarƙashin ƙasa yana adana abubuwan gina jiki a cikin mai tushe, don haka suna kuma zama gaɓoɓin gabobin ajiya lokacin da yanayi mai tsanani kamar lokacin hunturu ya fara.
Dangane da girma da reshe, rhizomes za a iya rarraba su azaman coaxial ko uniaxial. Sympodial rhizomes su ne wadanda a ciki kowane bangare yayi daidai da ci gaba da ci gaba da toho axillary. Misalin irin wannan rhizome shine Sansevieria da Poaceae.
A cikin yanayin rhizome monopodial, buds ɗin mu na ƙarshe suna ci gaba da girma har abada a matsayin rhizome. Axillary buds suna samar da sababbin harbe. Gabaɗaya, shuka ne ko ciyawa. Rhizome shine tsarin haifuwa na ciyayi wanda aka saba da shi ga tsire-tsire da yawa kamar lilies da ginger.
Za a iya raba rhizomes zuwa guntu masu ɗauke da buds kuma ana iya girma daban-daban. Tushen tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire ne waɗanda ke rasa sassan iska a cikin yanayi mai sanyi, amma suna rayuwa ƙarƙashin ƙasa saboda rhizomes ɗin su yana adana abubuwan gina jiki don bazara mai zuwa.
Wasu tsire-tsire masu rhizomes na ƙarƙashin ƙasa sun haɗa da ginger, hops, da turmeric, waɗanda aka sani da kayan magani, da kuma ciyawa aleppo sorghum ko johnson ciyawa, bermudagrass da coquito ko cypero.
Wasu tsire-tsire suna da rhizomes waɗanda suke girma a saman ƙasa, kamar wasu lilies da ferns, waɗanda tushensu ya kumbura rhizomes. A can, rhizome wani samfurin siffa ne wanda tsarin abubuwan da ke tattare da shi ba ya bin layi na matsayi na matsayi, wato; Yana da tushe ko tushen da ke haifar da ɓarna da yawa, kuma duk wani abu da ya shiga tsakani yana iya yin tasiri ga sauran.
Ayyukan rhizomes
Babban aikin rhizomes shine adana abubuwan gina jiki, gami da carbohydrates da furotin, har sai shukar tana buƙatar su don samar da sabbin harbe ko tsira daga lokacin hunturu a cikin tsarin da ake kira haifuwar ciyayi.
Manoman suna amfani da haifuwar asexual don yada tsire-tsire a gefe kamar su hops, ginger, da nau'in ciyawa da yawa. Wasu rhizomes kuma ana iya ci ko kuma ana amfani da su azaman kayan yaji, kamar ginger da turmeric.
Rhizomes tsari ne na haifuwa na ciyayi wanda ya zama ruwan dare ga shuke-shuke da yawa, kamar splendens, canna, calla, lily, da ginger. Za a iya raba rhizomes zuwa tubalan da ke ɗauke da aƙalla toho guda ɗaya kuma ana iya dasa su daban-daban. Rhizomes za a iya raba kashi biyu daban-daban dangane da nau'in reshe da suke a kunne.
A cikin rhizomes, ana samun yaduwa ta hanyar yanke ko rarraba rhizome zuwa sassa, kowannensu yana da ikon samar da sababbin harbe. Tun da rhizomes adana babban adadin na gina jiki da kuma suna da wuyar samun tushen adventitious, ba shi da wuya a samar da sababbin tsire-tsire.
Kowane ɓangaren da aka cire don yaduwa yawanci ya ƙunshi internodes da yawa kuma dole ne ya kasance yana da toho ko meristem. Gabaɗaya, ana iya dasa sassan rhizome kai tsaye zuwa wurin da ake so.
Ya kamata a yanke ganye lokacin dasawa. Rarraba rhizomes kafin lokacin girma ya ƙare ko ya fara, wato, a ƙarshen lokacin rani, fall, ko farkon bazara. Idan an raba su a farkon lokacin rani, sassan rhizome za su samar da tushen kuma su zama masu kafa kafin hunturu.
misalai na rhizomes
Tsire-tsire waɗanda ke haifuwa ta hanyar rhizomes sune perennials, waɗanda suka haɗa da:
Gyada
Yana daya daga cikin shahararrun tsire-tsire na dangin ginger saboda yawancin amfani da kaddarorinsa.
Ciyawa ko farar ciyawa
Ciyawa tana da rhizomes na bakin ciki.
Cane daga Indies
Yana da tsire-tsire na wurare masu zafi, kuma duk da ciwon rhizomes wanda ke sauƙaƙe ci gabanta da bunkasuwarta, kiyaye ta da kiyaye ta na bukatar kulawa da kulawa sosai.
Mint
Mint yana daya daga cikin tsire-tsire masu daraja don kaddarorinsa na musamman, kamshi da dandano, yana da rhizomes kamar ginger.
Lily
Lilies tushen tsire-tsire ne masu kauri, ganye masu tushe waɗanda ke ba su damar tsira da matsanancin yanayin zafi da lokacin sanyi.
Alamar solomon
An nuna shi kasancewar tubular fararen furanni. Ci gabansa da haɓaka yana buƙatar adadin abubuwan gina jiki mai yawa, don haka kasancewar rhizomes yana jin daɗin sha, adanawa da sarrafa shi.
Bambu
Duk bamboos suna haifuwa ta hanyar rhizomes kuma suna da matukar sha'awar aikin lambu don ƙirƙirar shinge a cikin gidajenmu waɗanda ke ba mu rabuwa, kariya ko sirri mafi girma.
Bambanci Tsakanin Rhizoid da Tushen
Rhizome wani tsari ne mai kama da tushe wanda ke wanzu a gindin algae kuma yana aiki don riƙe da ƙasa a wurin. Ba kamar tushen ba baya aiki a matsayin babban sashin jiki don ɗaukar ruwa ko abubuwan gina jiki. Mahimmanci, rhizomes sune sifofi masu kama da salon salula waɗanda ke cikin sporophytes na wasu algae, gametophytes, da ƙananan tsire-tsire na jijiyoyin jini.
Tushen su ne gabobin shuka, gabaɗaya a ƙarƙashin ƙasa, ba tare da ganye ba, tare da ayyuka na sha, gyarawa da adanawa; rhizomes sune tsarin da ke da alaƙa da Tushen da ake samu a cikin tsire-tsire. Ana samun rhizomes a cikin fungi, bryophytes, da ferns.
Jikin ciyayi na fungi da bryophytes ba a iya bambanta su ta tushen, mai tushe, da ganyaye. Siffa da aikin rhizome ya dogara da nau'in da nau'in substrate. Rhizomes na kwayoyin halitta da ke rayuwa a cikin laka sau da yawa suna da hadaddun reshe.
A akasin wannan, rhizomes na kwayoyin da ke rayuwa a kan yashi mai yashi suna da bulbous kuma suna sassauƙa sosai, irin su alƙalan teku, waɗanda za su iya shigar da dukkan jikinsu a cikin ƙasa lokacin da rhizomes ya ragu.
Ina fatan cewa tare da wannan bayanin zaku iya ƙarin koyo game da manyan misalan rhizomes waɗanda ke wanzu da halayen su.