Rabawa da halaye na nau'ikan furannin da ke wanzu

A duniyar tamu akwai miliyoyin nau'ikan tsirrai da furanni. A al'ada, mafi kyawun furanni sune waɗanda aka zaɓa don yin ado da lambuna, ɗakuna, wuraren jama'a da gine-gine. Koyaya, kun sani yaya nau'ikan furanni iri-iri suke kuma yaya aka rabe su?

Idan kanaso ka san nau'ikan furannin da ke akwai, to sakon ka kenan 🙂

Rarraba nau'ikan filawa

Dole ne ku sani cewa akwai tsire-tsire iri biyu. A gefe guda, kasancewa mafi mahimmanci, akwai wuraren motsa jiki. Wadannan tsirrai basa samarda furanni a kowane mataki na rayuwarsu. A gefe guda, kasancewa ƙungiyar da za mu gani a zurfin, akwai angiosperms. Waɗannan shuke-shuke suna yin fure idan sun isa matakin manya. Ana amfani da furanni a matsayin hanyar pollination da haifuwa. Saboda kwari da sauran dabbobi suna shan tsirrai daga fure guda kuma suna zuwa wani, suna iya takin shukar kuma su hayayyafa don faɗaɗa zangonsa.

A cikin mashin din akwai wasu furanni iri biyu wadanda idanuwansu ke iya gane su cikin sauki. Da farko dai, mun hadu monocots. Waɗannan tsire-tsire suna da cotyledon ɗaya kawai kuma furanninsu galibi suna da petals a mahara uku. Na biyu, muna da dicots. Wadannan tsire-tsire, kamar yadda sunan ya nuna, suna da cotyledons biyu kuma furannin suna da petals a cikin adadi da yawa na huɗu ko biyar.

Har ila yau, akwai wasu hanyoyi don rarraba furanni, musamman ga tsire-tsire waɗanda suke shekara-shekara. Mun sami daddalai, biennials da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire. Kowannensu ya dace da lokacin da suka kasance cikin furanni. Wasu lambu suna rarraba tsirrai dangane da nau'in haifuwarsu. Idan na jima'i ne ko na janaba.

Ya kamata a ambata cewa yana da mahimmanci cewa, yayin ƙoƙarin rarraba tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire, ana la'akari da cewa petals da yawa za'a iya haɗe da juna ko ganye zuwa wasu sassan shukar kuma banbancin nasu ya zama mai rikitarwa. Koyaya, rarraba furanni ta wannan hanyar yana da asali. Yana ɗaukar wani abu mai rikitarwa don bambance su da kyau.

Halayen Angiosperm

A cikin angiosperms akwai kusan furanni 250.000 zuwa 400.000. Wadannan sun kasu kashi biyu. Cotyledon shine asalin ƙwayar inda yake haɓaka. Ya ƙunshi abincin da ake buƙata don amfrayo su girma da girma. Lokacin da irin ya tsiro zai aika da otyan ruwa ɗaya ko biyu (ya danganta da irin furen da yake) zuwa ganyen.

Monocots sune kashi ɗaya bisa huɗu na duk abubuwan da ke faruwa a duniya. Misali, wardi furanni ne masu dicotyledonous. Don bambance tsakanin ɗayan da ɗayan muna iya ganin cewa monocots suna da jijiyoyin ganyayyaki a layi daya kuma fara a gindin ganyen, ƙare a tip ba tare da wani reshe ba. Misali, lili.

A gefe guda, jijiyoyin dicots suna farawa daga ƙasa kuma sun fita cikin tsari mai tsari a kan dukkan fuskar takardar.

Nau'in shuka mafi sauƙin ganewa shine lokacin da yake girma. Idan suka hau doron kasa, zaka ga wadanda suke da ganye daya da wadanda suke da biyu.

Monocots da dicots

Monocots na iya samun kusan miliyoyin asalinsu ba tare da samun jijiya ta tsakiya ba. Ganyayyakin suna kama da juna cewa jijiyoyin basa yin reshe daga jijiya ta tsakiya. Jijiyoyin suna gudana a layi ɗaya da juna.

Wasu furannin monocotyledonous sune: lili, orchid, tulip, crocus, narcissus da shuɗi mai shuɗi. Duk waɗannan furannin suna haɗuwa da halayen da aka ambata.

Dicotyledons suna da babban tushe wanda mafi ƙarancin tushe ke fitowa daga gare shi, suna ƙara rassawa da ƙari. Ganyensa, a irin wannan hanyar, suna da jijiya ta tsakiya wacce sauran jijiyoyin suke reshe. Tushen waɗannan tsirrai na iya rufe babban yanki na ƙasa don rufe buƙatun abinci mai gina jiki a hanyar da ta dace.

Daga cikin furannin dicotyledonous mun sami: fure, daisy, nasturtium, begonia da portulaca. Kuna so ku saya cakuda tsaba na furanni na shekara-shekara daban-daban? Danna nan.

Nau'o'in furanni

Shuke-shuke da furanni

Kodayake kuna tunanin akasin haka, hamada shine yanayin halittu wanda yawancin rayayyun halittu ke zaune a ciki. Tsirrai masu rayuwa a can suna buƙatar daidaitawa da yanayin wanda yanayi yayi tsauri. Dole ne su sami damar tarawa da adana ruwa daga ƙaramin ruwan sama da ke akwai kuma suna da tsarin hana ɓarkewar ruwa. Tsire-tsire a cikin hamada suna da banbanci sosai da na sauran. Wannan saboda dole ne su saba da yanayi.

Amma ba yana nufin cewa waɗannan tsire-tsire, kodayake suna da ilimin ilimin halittar ba, ba sa yin fure. Daga cikin halayensa mun sami:

• Shrubby shuke-shuke suna iya rage asarar ruwa albarkacin ganyen sa mai kaki da ƙamshi don hana dabbobi cin shi.
• Cacti yana da ƙananan ƙaya a saman ganyen su don hana dabbobi cin su. Suna iya adanawa har zuwa lita 800 na ruwa.
• Hotunan shuke-shuke masu daukar hoto a cikin kara, wanda yake kore ne kuma yana dauke da sinadarin chlorophyll
• Tushen suna da tsayi sosai don sha ruwa sosai.

Shuke-shuke da suke da furanni a cikin hamada sune cacti, saguaro cactus, jejin agave da hamada sun tashi.

Resistantarin tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire masu tsayayya

Wadannan tsirrai sune na zamani wadanda suke iya dacewa da yanayin zafi da yanayin wasu yankuna. Tsire-tsire waɗanda ke da fure mafi ƙarfi suna iya jurewa ƙananan yanayin zafi ba tare da mutuwa ba, ƙarin zafi ko iska kuma har sun tsira daga ambaliyar.

Daga cikin waɗannan tsire-tsire masu tsayayya muna da: masara, eggplant, kabewa, tumatir, petunias, ƙaunataccen ƙauna da sauran shuke-shuke masu furanni.

Daga cikin shuke-shuken furannin da muke rataye zamu sami waɗancan ƙananan bishiyun bishiyoyin da zasu iya girma cikin tukwanen rataye. Ana amfani da furanninta don dasawa a farfajiyar gidan har ma da shinge. Yawancin lokaci ana shuka su a cikin Afrilu da farkon Yuni. Su ne ganshin fure, lantana, fuchsia, verbena, da sauransu.

Ta wannan bayanin zaka iya samun karin bayani game da nau'ikan furanni da rikitarwa. Yanzu ne lokacinku don zaɓar wane fure mafi kyau da kuke so wa kanku.