Nau'in Taxodium

Taxodiums shine nau'in bishiyoyi wanda yawanci ana samunsu a wuraren dausayi, wanda hakan yasa suke daya daga cikin wadanda aka fi bada shawarar shuka a kasashen dake da matsalar ambaliyar ruwa, ko kuma a lambunan da suke a yankuna inda ake ruwan sama sosai. Koyaya, suma suna yin kyau sosai a wuraren da basu da ɗimbin ruwa, amma har yanzu yana da mahimmanci cewa basu rasa ruwa a kowane lokaci.

Sun kai tsayi mai ban sha'awa, har zuwa mita 45. Godiya ga wannan, suna ɗaya daga cikin waɗancan bishiyoyi waɗanda zasu iya fitowa sosai a cikin filin, sannan kuma, waɗanda zasu iya ba da ƙarin inuwa. Menene ƙari, yana da ban sha'awa sanin cewa akwai nau'ikan Taxodium da yawa. Shin mun san su?

Asali da halayen Taxodium

da taxodium Su conifers ne waɗanda ke cikin gidan Cupressaceae, kuma waɗanda ke asalin yankin kudancin Arewacin Amurka. Suna zaune ne a yankuna masu dausayi, inda suna iya yin katako sama da sama da mita 40 kuma har zuwa mita 3 a diamita. Har ila yau, idan suna wuraren da ambaliyar ta gudana, suna samar da cututtukan pneumatophores, wadanda sune asalin iska wanda ke taimaka musu numfashi.

Ganyayyaki masu kamannin allura ne, kore ne, kuma tsayi tsakanin tsayi 0,5 zuwa 2.. Suna nuna halin yanke jiki idan kaka da damuna duk sunyi sanyi kuma an sami rijistar sanyi mai yawa, amma idan yanayi ya ɗan ɗan sauƙaƙasu sai su kasance rabin shekaru; ma'ana, sun rasa wani yanki daga cikin ganyayyakin da suka mamaye rawanin su. Yana da mahimmanci a faɗi cewa a lokacin faɗuwar waɗannan na iya canza launin ja kafin ɓoyewa daga reshe.

Amma ga furanni, basu da. Anyi imanin cewa Taxodium ya fara halittar su ne a lokacin Cretaceous na Sama, tsakanin shekaru miliyan 100 zuwa 66 da suka gabata, kuma a waccan lokacin a cikin yankuna masu yanayin kwari sun ci gaba da bunƙasa, tun da a can ne ba a sami bambancin fauna da yawa (sabili da haka, ƙananan 'yan takara na masu jefa ƙuri'a).

Amma abin da suke yi shi ne samar da mazugi mata ko mata na duniya auna kimanin santimita 3 a diamita. Wadannan kwanukan suna daukar dogon lokaci kafin su balaga da zarar an gudanar da zaben fidda gwani: tsakanin watanni 7 zuwa 9. Da zarar sun gama, Sikeli nasu ya rabu biyu, yana sakin irin.

Kamar yadda son sani, gaya muku hakan An samo burbushin Taxodium a Turai: daya daga cikinsu daga irin burbushin ganyen jinsin ne Taxodium dubium, yanzu ya ɓace, wanda ya rayu a cikin ƙasar ta yanzu ta Jamus har kusan shekaru miliyan 2 da suka gabata.

Nau'in Taxodium

A yanzu haka, ana karbar nau'ikan Taxodium guda uku, kodayake akwai masu ilimin tsirrai wadanda suka yi la'akari da cewa biyu ne kawai, wasu kuma guda daya ne. Amma idan aka ba su suna zaune a wurare daban-daban, kuma suna da girma daban-daban, bari mu ga yadda waɗannan jinsunan guda uku:

Taxodium ya hau

El Taxodium ya hau Yana da wani deciduous ko Semi-evergreen conifer da aka sani da fadama cypress. Tana zaune a gabar tekun Arewacin Carolina kuma ta isa kudu maso gabashin Louisiana, musamman a fadama da koguna. Yana girma tsakanin mita 20 zuwa 35 a tsayi. Ganyayyakin suna acicular, siriri kuma tsakanin tsayin milimita 3 zuwa 10. Cones ɗin ta yakai santimita 2,5 a diamita.

Yawancin lokaci ana ɗaukarsa iri-iri Taxodium distichum, ana kira Taxodium distichum var imbricatum, amma duka ganye da mazugun sunfi wannan girma. Hakanan, T. hauhawa ya fi son ƙasan da ba su da manyan ƙwayoyin ƙasa.

* Fadakarwa: silt wani nau'in laka ne wanda rafuka da iska ke dauke dashi, kuma yawanci yana da matukar wadatar kwayoyin halitta. An kuma san shi da laka ko laka.

Taxodium distichum

El Taxodium distichum Jinsi ne wanda ake kira da fadama cypress ko bald cypress, kuma yana zaune ne a kudu maso gabashin Amurka. Don zama takamaimai, a cikin dausayi, kodayake ya dace da bushewar ƙasa. Ya kai tsayin mita 40, kuma yana haɓaka pyramidal ko conical cup. Rassanta suna girma a sarari, kuma ganyayyakinsa suna da tsayi milimita 15-20. Yana samar da cones har zuwa santimita 3,5, maza waɗanda suke ƙarami.

An gabatar da shi a Turai a wajajen 1640, amma gaskiyar magana ita ce wannan nau'in ya riga ya rayu akan Tsohuwar Nahiyar kafin shekaru miliyan 8 da suka gabata. Tabbacin wannan su ne burbushin halittar da aka samo a cikin Hungary a watan Yulin 2007 (idan kuna son ƙarin sani game da shi, danna a nan).

Taxodium mucronatum

El Taxodium mucronatum (yanzu Taxodium mai girma) wani nau'i ne mai ban sha'awa ko rabin bishiyu wanda aka fi sani da ahuehuete. Asalin ƙasar ta Meziko ne, kodayake ana iya samun sa a kudancin Texas da kuma Guatemala a arewa maso yamma. Ya kai tsawo har zuwa mita 40, kuma ganyenshi nada tsawon santimita 1-2. Amma ga mazugi, waɗannan suna da siffar oval ko ta zobe, kuma suna auna tsakanin santimita 1,5 zuwa 2,5.

Ba kamar biyun da suka gabata ba, wannan shine kawai wanda ke tsiro da daji a cikin yankin fadama. Zai iya daidaitawa da waɗanda suka bushe, amma zai sami ci gaba mafi kyau idan ya kasance a cikin yanki inda ko dai akwai tsayayyen ruwan sha, ko kuma inda damuna ke da yawa.

Wanne ne ya fi so a cikinsu?