A yau zamu zo muyi magana game da nau'in shuka na dangin legume. Ya game sainfoin. An kuma san shi da pipirigallo. Sunan kimiyya shine Onobrychis viciifolia kuma yana da ɗan kwalliya mai kayan abinci iri-iri kuma mai tsattsauran ra'ayi. Gabaɗaya, an daidaita shi zuwa ƙasar farar ƙasa ta yankuna masu bushewa da mafiya sanyi a yankin namu.
Idan kana son karin bayani game da halaye da noman sainfoin, wannan shine sakon ka.
Babban fasali
Sainfoin yana da babban tasirin aiki kuma da wuya ya haifar da tasiri akan dabbobin idan aka cinye su. Tsirrai ne na asalin Rhine Valley inda, a ƙarshen karni na XNUMX, aka gano shi babban ƙarfin da yake da shi don abubuwan amfanin gona.
Yana da kyawawan halaye a tsakaninmu wanda muke samun wurin abinci wanda ya dace da ba mai da ƙwari ba, farar ƙasa da busassun ƙasa. Sharadin kawai don wannan shine lamarin shine dole ne su kasance a tsawan sama da mita 600. Yana da matukar mahimmanci kada ƙasa tayi ambaliya tunda shukar zata iya mutuwa kai tsaye. Zamu jaddada hakan daga baya idan mukayi magana game da kulawar data kamata.
Mafi yawan kayan aikin sainfoin faruwa a lokacin bazara. Kashi biyu cikin uku na abubuwan da ake samarwa galibi ana amfani dasu don wasan motsa jiki. Sauran ukun ana amfani dashi don aikin kiwo a lokacin kaka da lokacin sanyi. Ofaya daga cikin fa'idodin wannan shuka don amfaninta shine cewa ya kasance koyaushe yana kore, godiya ga ikon haɓaka tare da yanayin rana.
Matsayi mai kyau na wannan nau'in shukar shine digiri 20 a rana har zuwa digiri 0 a dare. Saboda shukar baya jure wa wuce gona da iri, dole ne a yi shi cikin taka tsantsan.
Wani babban halayyar sa shine cewa tsiro ne wanda yake sake samarda albarkatun ƙasa sosai. Yana da inganci sosai wajen gyaran nitrogen na yanayi kuma yana da tushe wanda yake fifita kayan ƙirar da za'a shigar dasu cikin ƙananan matakan. Yana da kyakkyawan zaɓi don amfani da shi a matsayin madadin a cikin juyawar hatsi don inganta ƙarancin ƙasa da na parasites da weeds don kai hari.
Kadarorin sainfoin
Abincinsa yana da kyawawan kayan abinci. Abunda ya fi girma shine na furotin, kodayake yana da ɗan ƙasa da na alfalfa. A da, an ba da shawarar yin amfani da sainfoin don ciyar da kaji da tattabarai saboda yana ƙarfafa su su ƙara ƙwai.
Wadannan halaye na gina jiki da samarwa suna nufin cewa ana iya daukar sainfoin a matsayin mahimmin amfanin gona mai ruwan sama a matsayin mai dacewa ko kuma maye gurbin alfalfa. Koyaya, tunda suma suna da dukiya daban-daban, Ba a yin girbi a hanya ɗaya. Dukansu suna da iri ɗaya na shekara-shekara. Amfanin sainfoin shine cewa yana da yawancin samarwar a yanki ɗaya. Wannan ya sa aka ba da shawarar don ciyawa ko rashin ruwa.
Kamar yadda muka ambata a baya, sainfoin shine amfanin gona wanda yake buƙatar zama a ƙasan da ke ƙasa da mita 600 na tsawo. Alfalfa, a gefe guda, ana iya shuka shi a kowane tsauni. Wannan yana haifar da wasu yankuna da fa'idar samarwa. Hakanan ana iya ganin hakan alfalfa na iya daukar tsawon shekaru 12 a matsayin amfanin gona mai ruwan sama, yayin da sainfoin 6 kawai.
Noma da ayyukan noman sainfoin
Idan ya zo ga shuka wannan shukar, ya zama dole a aiwatar da ayyukan da suka gabata na kusan kusan dukkanin umesan itacen ƙira. Dole ne ayi abin nadi ko abin nadi ya wuce don mafi kyawun saduwa da tsaba tare da ƙasa ya sami tagomashi. Ta wannan hanyar zamu inganta yawan kwayar da ke tsirowa kuma a ƙarshe zasu tsiro su haɓaka. Bugu da kari, wannan noman yana ba da damar amfanin gona ya kara kula da danshi a cikin kasa na tsawon lokaci da kuma sauƙaƙe sare shi a cikin ƙasa mai duwatsu.
Hakanan za'a iya shuka shi da irin hatsi. Ofaya daga cikin fa'idodin dasa sainfoin don ciyar da shanu shi ne cewa ba ya haifar da kumburin ciki a cikin shanu (kumburin ciki yayin aikin kiwo).
Bayan shuka, sai ya yi girma yayin shekarar farko amma da kyar ya isa sosai. A dalilin wannan, a baya ana shuka shi kusa da hatsi don ya zama farkon girbi na shekara. Idan kuna son amfani da shi azaman taki kore, dole ne a yankata kafin fure ko jim kaɗan idan za mu yi amfani da shi azaman ciyawa. Ana yin girbi na farko tsakanin watannin Mayu zuwa Yuni. Idan ruwan sama ya yawaita, za'a iya aiwatar da karin girbi na biyu.
Amfanin shuka sainfoin shine cewa baya "gajiyar" kasar. Wato, akwai albarkatu masu yawan buƙatun abinci mai gina jiki, takin mai magani, takin mai magani, ciyawar ciyawa, da sauransu. Wannan ya mamaye ƙasa kuma ya haifar musu da asarar kaddarorin. Wannan yana faruwa ne saboda buƙatar abinci mai gina jiki ya fi ƙimar sake sabunta ƙasa bayan amfani. Wannan baya faruwa ga sainfoin saboda baya buƙatar manyan ƙwayoyin abinci.
Duk wadannan dalilan, lokacin da aka girbe amfanin sainfoin, ana iya sake shuka shi kansa.
Cin Amana
Wannan tsire-tsire yana da kyakkyawan abinci kuma ta hanyar rashin haifar da yanayi a cikin dabbobi masu rai, yana yiwuwa a adana akan cin ciyawar. Gabaɗaya, alfalfa yana da wurin abinci wanda yake haifar da wannan kumburin a cikin cikin dabbobi masu kiwo. Domin saukaka wannan matsalar, abin da aka yi shi ne a gauraya shi da tattaka don rage wannan kumburin. Wannan baya faruwa tare da sainfoin.
Baya ga duk abin da aka gani har yanzu, sainfoin yana ba mu kyakkyawar zumar monofloral kuma ya zama abincin tumaki, dawakai har ma da zomaye. Har zuwa yanzu, mafi kyawun haɗuwa don amfani da wannan tsire-tsire shi ne kiwo da sarewa.
Kamar yadda kake gani, ana amfani da wannan shuka sosai a fagen noma don amfanin ta da kuma iya amfani da shi idan yazo amfani dashi. Idan kuna da shanu kuma kuna so ku ciyar dasu cikin koshin lafiya ba tare da sun sha wahala daga meteorism ba, kuyi shuka safflower don kar wannan matsalar ta sake bayyana.