Ana daukar shinkafa a matsayin babban abinci a al'adu da yawa. Yana da wadataccen abinci mai gina jiki kuma yana da yawa a cikin ɗakin dafa abinci, wanda ya sa ya zama wani abu mai mahimmanci a cikin shirye-shiryen nau'in jita-jita. Daga abincin Latino arroz con pollo zuwa sushi na Japan, ana amfani da shinkafa a cikin ɗimbin girke-girke da nau'o'in shirye-shirye a duniya. Bugu da ƙari, kasancewa mai mahimmancin tushen carbohydrates da furotin, shinkafa kuma tana da sinadarai masu sinadirai na musamman da ke sa ta amfani ga lafiya. Amma ka san da gaske menene? Shin kuna ganin shinkafa hatsi ce ko a'a?
A cikin wannan labarin ba kawai za mu amsa wannan tambaya ba, amma kuma za mu yi magana game da game da halaye da fa'idodin shinkafa, da kuma muhimmancinta na al'adu da na dafa abinci a sassa daban-daban na duniya.
Menene shinkafa?
Shinkafa abinci ne mai mahimmanci kuma ɗaya daga cikin tushen tushen carbohydrates ga yawancin al'ummar duniya. Akwai amfanin gona a sassa daban-daban na duniya, kuma akwai irin shinkafa iri-iri. Ana noman shinkafa ne a gonakin da ambaliyar ruwa ta mamaye ko kuma a busasshiyar kasa, kuma ana girbe lokacin da hatsin ya bushe ya bushe. Bayan girbi, ana sarrafa shi a cire ɓangarorin, bran da ƙwayoyin cuta, a bar ƙarshen ƙwayar hatsi kawai, wato farar shinkafa da muka sani.
Wannan abincin ana iya dafa shi ta hanyoyi daban-daban, kamar Boiled, steamed, soyayyen ko a cikin salads. Bugu da ƙari, ana amfani da ita a cikin jita-jita iri-iri, daga jita-jita na gefe zuwa manyan jita-jita. Ana kuma amfani da ita wajen yin kayayyaki kamar su garin shinkafa, takardan shinkafa, da kuma abin sha kamar sabulu.
Amma za mu iya cewa shinkafa hatsi ce? To haka ne, shinkafa hatsi ce. Musamman, nau'in ciyawa ce ta iyali Kawo. Sauran hatsi na yau da kullun sun haɗa da alkama, masara, sha'ir, hatsi, da hatsin rai. A matsayin hatsi, shinkafa muhimmiyar tushen carbohydrates ce kuma ana amfani da ita azaman abinci mai mahimmanci a sassa da yawa na duniya.
Propiedades
Ba abin mamaki ba ne cewa wannan hatsi yana ɗaya daga cikin kayan abinci na mu. Shinkafa tana da gina jiki sosai kuma tana da amfani kuma tana da kaddarorin lafiya masu fa'ida da yawa. Wasu daga cikinsu sune kamar haka:
- Babban abun ciki na carbohydrates: Yana da kyakkyawan tushen hadaddun carbohydrates, wanda ke ba da jiki da kuzari.
- Ƙananan mai da cholesterol: A dabi'a yana da ƙarancin kitse kuma ba ya ƙunshi cholesterol, yana mai da shi kyakkyawan zaɓi ga mutanen da ke son sarrafa mai da ƙwayar cholesterol.
- Ya ƙunshi furotin: Kodayake shinkafa ba cikakkiyar tushen furotin ba ce, tana ɗauke da wasu muhimman amino acid waɗanda jiki ke buƙata.
- Ya ƙunshi bitamin da ma'adanai: Ya ƙunshi muhimman bitamin da ma'adanai kamar thiamin (bitamin B1), niacin (bitamin B3), baƙin ƙarfe da magnesium da sauransu.
- Glyananan glycemic index: Shinkafa tana da matsakaicin matsakaicin matsakaiciyar ma'anar glycemic, wanda ke nufin ba ta haifar da saurin haɓakar matakan sukari na jini ba.
- Babban abun ciki na fiber: Musamman shinkafa ruwan kasa. Wannan zai iya taimakawa tsarin narkewar abinci lafiya da sarrafa cholesterol.
- Gluten-Free: Ba ya ƙunshi gluten, wanda ya sa ya dace da mutanen da ke da hankali ko rashin haƙuri ga alkama.
Gaba ɗaya, shinkafa abinci ne mai lafiya kuma mai gina jiki wanda zai iya zama muhimmin sashi na daidaitaccen abinci. Duk da haka, yana da mahimmanci a tuna cewa yawan shirye-shiryen da amfani da shi na iya rinjayar abubuwan da ke da sinadirai da caloric.
Shinkafa yana amfani
Kamar yadda muka ambata, shinkafa abinci ne mai yawan gaske wanda ana amfani da ita a cikin jita-jita iri-iri a duk faɗin duniya. Wasu daga cikin mafi yawan amfani da wannan hatsi sune kamar haka:
- Kamar ado: Ana iya amfani da shi azaman kayan ado tare da nama, kifi ko kayan lambu.
- A cikin miya da stews: Ana amfani da shinkafa sau da yawa a cikin miya da miya don ƙara abubuwa da laushi.
- A cikin salatin: Ana iya amfani dashi azaman tushe don salatin zafi ko sanyi.
- A cikin manyan jita-jita: Shinkafa na iya zama babban sinadari a yawancin jita-jita, irin su arroz con pollo, paella, da risotto.
- A cikin sushi da sauran jita-jita na Japan: Ba asiri ba ne cewa wannan hatsi yana da mahimmanci a cikin shirye-shiryen sushi, onigiri da sauran jita-jita na Japan, wanda ya zama sananne a cikin 'yan shekarun nan.
- Kamar kayan zaki: Ana iya amfani da shinkafa a cikin shirye-shiryen kayan zaki mai dadi irin su shinkafa pudding.
- A cikin bayanin samfuran da aka samo daga shinkafa: Ana kuma amfani da ita don yin kayayyaki irin su garin shinkafa, vinegar shinkafa, da sake.
Valuesimar abinci mai gina jiki
Da sinadirai masu darajar wannan abinci na iya bambanta dangane da irin shinkafar da yadda ake dafa ta, amma gabaɗaya, waɗannan su ne ƙimar sinadirai na gram 100 na dafaffen farar shinkafa:
- Kalori: 130
- Jimillar mai: 0.3 g
- Cikakkun kitse: 0.1 g
- Canjin mai: 0 g
- Cholesterol: 0 MG
- Sodium: 1 MG
- Carbohydrates: 28 g
- Fiber: 0.4 g
- Sugars: 0.1 g
- Sunadarai: 2.7 g
- Vitamin B1 (Thiamine): 3% na shawarar abincin yau da kullun (RDI)
- Vitamin B3 (Niacin): 4% na RDI
- Iron: 2% na RDI
- Folic acid: 2% na RDI
Yana da mahimmanci a sanya hankali shinkafa launin ruwan kasa ya ƙunshi fiber da sinadarai fiye da farar shinkafa, tun da yake yana kiyaye gefen ƙwayar hatsi. Bugu da kari, yadda ake dafa shinkafar na iya yin illa ga ingancinta, tunda wasu hanyoyin dafa abinci na iya kara tsotse wasu sinadarai, kamar karfe.
Curiosities
Kuna son ƙarin sani game da shinkafa? Wannan kalma ta fito daga Latin "oryza", wanda kuma ya fito daga Girkanci "óryza", kuma kalmomin biyu suna nufin "abinci". akwai dubban irin shinkafa ko'ina cikin duniya, kowanne da irin nashi irin nashi, dandano da sinadirai. Shinkafa mai launin ruwan kasa ta fi farar shinkafa abinci mai gina jiki, tunda tana dauke da husk da bran, wadanda ke dauke da fiber, bitamin, da ma’adanai.
Wani abin mamaki shine wannan hatsi Ita ce amfanin gona na biyu mafi muhimmanci a duniya bayan masara. kuma shine babban abinci ga fiye da rabin al'ummar duniya. Ana noman shinkafa a yanayi iri-iri, tun daga yankuna masu danshi da na wurare masu zafi zuwa busassun busassun da ba su da ruwa. A wasu ƙasashe, ana ɗaukar shinkafa a matsayin abinci mai tsarki kuma ana amfani da ita a cikin bukukuwa da al'adu na addini. A wasu, irin su Japan, Koriya, da Sin, wannan hatsi kuma wani nau'i ne na fasaha, kuma ana amfani da dabarun noma da dafa abinci na musamman don cimma kamala.
tarihin shinkafa
Tarihin shinkafa ya koma dubban shekaru, kuma ainihin asalinsa bai tabbata ba, ko da yake an yi imani da cewa ya fito ne daga yankuna masu zafi na kudu maso gabashin Asiya, musamman daga filayen kogin Ganges da Brahmaputra na Indiya, da kogin Yangtze na kasar Sin.
Shinkafa tana daya daga cikin noman gida na farko a tarihin dan Adam. kuma an yi imanin cewa an fara noman sa ne kimanin shekaru 10,000 da suka wuce. Manoman sun koyi noman shinkafa a gonakin da ambaliyar ruwa ta mamaye, suna cin gajiyar sinadiran da ke cikin ruwan kogi. Bayan lokaci, fasahar noman shinkafa ta bazu zuwa wasu yankuna, ciki har da Asiya, Afirka, da Latin Amurka.
Wannan hatsi ya kasance muhimmin amfanin gona a zamanin d Sin. inda ya zama alamar dukiya da mulki. An yi imanin cewa shinkafa kyauta ce daga alloli, kuma ana amfani da ita a cikin bukukuwa da al'adu na addini. Haka kuma shinkafar ta taka muhimmiyar rawa a tarihin Indiya, inda ake daukar ta a matsayin abinci mai tsarki da ake amfani da ita wajen bukukuwa da bukukuwa.
Tsawon shekaru aru-aru, shinkafa ta kasance babban abinci a al’adu da dama, kuma muhimmancinta na tattalin arziki da al’adu ya sa ta zama abin ciniki mai daraja. Turawa da Larabawa 'yan kasuwa sun kawo shinkafa zuwa Turai da Afirka, inda ya zama abinci mai shahara. Daga baya, mazauna Mutanen Espanya sun kawo shinkafa zuwa Latin Amurka, inda ta zama wani muhimmin sashi a cikin abinci na ƙasashe da yawa.
A halin yanzu, shinkafa ta kasance babban abinci a sassa da dama na duniya, kuma nomansa da cinsa na ci gaba da zama wani muhimmin sashi na tarihi da al'adun ɗan adam.
Shin shinkafa iri ce?
Mun riga mun san shinkafa hatsi ce, amma ita ma iri ce? Amsar ita ce eh. Musamman, irin shukar shinkafa ne (oryza sativa o Oryza glaberrima), wanda yake na gidan ciyawa. Irin shinkafar na kunshe ne a cikin hatsin shinkafa, wanda ya kunshi nau’ukan yadudduka da dama, da suka hada da husk, bran, da endosperm, wanda shine inda ake samun iri. Hatsin shinkafa shi ne bangaren da ake amfani da shi wajen cin abinci na mutane da na dabbobi, kuma ana iya sarrafa ta ta hanyoyi daban-daban don samun nau’o’in shinkafa iri-iri, kamar farar shinkafa, shinkafa mai ruwan kasa da shinkafa mai gyale da sauransu.
Ina fatan da wannan bayanin ya fito fili cewa shinkafa hatsi ce, kuma tana da gina jiki sosai. Amma ku tuna cewa dole ne ku sami daidaiton abinci don samun lafiya.