A yau za mu yi magana game da nau'in tsire-tsire na dangin ciyawa kuma ana samun su a cikin tekun Bahar Rum. Game da shi Spartum na Lygeum. Wannan tsiron na kwayar halittar Lygeum ne kuma shine kadai tsiron na wannan jinsi. Wannan yasa ya zama jinsin biri mai kama da shuka daya. Sunan da aka saba amfani da shi albardín kuma ana samun sa a cikin yumbu ko kayan kwalliyar ƙasa.
A cikin wannan labarin zamu gaya muku duk halaye, yankin rarrabawa da kuma sha'awar wannan shuka.
Babban fasali
Nau'in tsire-tsire ne wanda yawanci yakan bunkasa akan yumbu ko kayan kwalliyar ƙasa, kodayake kuma yana iya haɓaka a cikin gypsum ko ƙasa mai gishiri. Yana da sauƙi a rikice tare da ciyawar esparto. Koyaya, wannan tsiron shine nau'in stipa tenacissima. da Spartum na Lygeum Yana da nau'in nau'in tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire masu yawa da nau'in rhizomatous. Wannan yana nufin cewa ya tsiro ne daga rhizomes wanda ya bazu ƙasa. Zai iya kai kusan ko lessasa da mita 1 a tsayi idan duk yanayin mahalli ya isa. Yana da launin kore mai launin shuɗi mai rawaya dangane da yankin da yake.
Jigon ya zama ƙasusuwa na reshe wanda aka rufe a gindin da ma'auni. Suna da ganye masu tsayi sosai kuma suna da kamannin reed. Yawancin lokaci galibi ganye ne, suna kaiwa tsayin fiye da ƙasa da santimita 50. Kasancewar suna kunkuntar kuma suna da kunci sosai, suna taimakawa rage asarar ruwa ta hanyar zufa. Wannan ya sa wannan tsiron yake da babban ƙarfin da zai iya tsayayya da fari. Tsakanin gaskiyar cewa zasu iya haɓaka a cikin ƙasa tare da tsari daban kuma suna jure fari, sun zama sauƙi shuke-shuke mai sauƙin yadawa.
Tana da madaidaiciya madaidaiciyar sifa wacce ke sa su shuke-shuke tare da laushi mai taushi. Amma ga furanninta, suna yin tsaka-tsalle wanda aka rufe shi da dogaye amma silky kuma an kewaye shi da kwafsaya. Yawancin lokaci suna tsakanin santimita 3 zuwa 9 kuma suna kamar spathe kamar takarda. Furen ba shi da sha'awar kwalliya tunda ba shi da kyau. Idan muka lura da wannan tsiron ba tare da furen sa ba, yana iya rikicewa da esparto.
Yankin rarrabawa da mazauninsu na Spartum na Lygeum
Wannan tsiron yana da yankin rarrabawa wanda ya fadada a duk yankin tsibirin Iberiya, musamman mai yalwa a cikin kwarin Ebro.Fadan fadadarsa ana samunsa ne a gabashin yankin. Daga gabas, kudu da tsibirin Balearic shine inda zamu iya samun sau da yawa Spartum na Lygeum a cikin Spain. A wasu lardunan kamar Murcia An ba wannan tsiron sunan wuri wanda aka fi sani da albardinal.
Sauran wuraren da ake samun wannan tsiron suna gefen duka gefen kudu na Tekun Bahar Rum daga Maroko zuwa Masar. Game da mazaunin ta na asali, jinsi ne irin na steber ɗin Iberiya. Waɗannan ba komai ba ne illa tsarin halittu waɗanda aka keɓance da galibin nau'ikan itacen da aka sare. Waɗannan tsire-tsire sukan daidaita a ƙarƙashin ƙasa waɗanda ba su da talauci sosai a cikin abubuwan gina jiki kuma tare da matakan gishiri mai yawa.
Yanayin da ke tallafawa wannan tsiron shine yankin Bahar Rum da ke kusa da bushe-bushe. Suna da damar samar da fili, shimfidar shimfidar wurare tare da juya duwatsu a hankali da kuma rashin bishiyoyi. A mafi yawanci muna ganin wasu shuke-shuken da suka ci gaba amma basu da kama da Tsarin Tsakiyar Turai, Arewacin Amurka ko Kudancin Amurka inda tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire suka fi yawa. Yankin da yake haɓaka a cikin kwarin Ebro sune lagoons masu gishiri waɗanda suka sa ya zama keɓaɓɓen yanki da keɓaɓɓen yanki.
Amfani da Spartum na Lygeum
Wannan tsire-tsire yana da amfani iri-iri a cikin masana'antar takarda. Darussan suna kama da esparto, amma tare da ƙarancin ƙwarewar fasaha. A baya ana amfani dashi a cikin masana'antu, amma ba yawa a yau. A Aragon an yi amfani da shi don yanke ganye kuma ana tsammanin za su yi igiyoyi da ake kira shinge. Da waɗannan igiyoyi za a iya haɗa damin mees a bayan girbin hatsi.
Wani amfani da ake baiwa wannan shuka shine yin katifa ko gadaje ga sojoji. Don yin wannan, ya mai da hankali kan ganyayyaki kuma ya yi taƙama. Kuma don farawa, wanda yake a cikin Almería, anyi amfani dashi don ɗaukar yumbu a cikin kwalaye. Ta wannan hanyar, ana iya kiyaye akwatunan daga damuwa yayin jigilar kaya. An ba da wani amfani makamancin haka a Murcia, kodayake a wannan yanayin yana aiki ne don kare kankana yayin safarar su.
Daga cikin shahararrun amfani kuma yayi kama da na esparto, ya kasance makiyayar tumaki da awaki. Saboda ganyensa da halayensa, ana iya amfani dashi don yin kwanduna. Anyi amfani da ganyenta wajen kera wasu kayan gargajiya kamar su espadrilles da igiyoyi., da sauransu. A yanzu haka mun san yadda ake amfani da wannan tsiron saboda ƙarin ƙwarewar kayan fasaha. Saboda haka, babu gonaki na Spartum na Lygeum don amfanin masana'antu.
Curiosities
Tsarin ganyayyaki da wannan shukar ta samar shine ake kira albardín. Yanki ne da ke rufe dazuzzuka wanda wannan tsiron ya fi yawa. Zamu iya samun albardín cakuda cikin mosaics tare da wasu tsirrai kamar goga (salsola genistoides), akwatin baƙar fata (artemisia barrelieri) ko rashin mutuwa ko miya a cikin ruwan inabi (Limonium cesium).
Wannan cakuda ciyayi ya zama fadamun gishiri tunda kasar tana da manyan matakan gishiri. Albardinal yana cikin yanki mafi girma inda suke da tebur mai zurfin ruwa. Ana ɗaukar wannan yanki ƙasa mai dafi. Kuma shine waɗannan ƙasashen suna da wadataccen ƙarfe masu nauyi kuma suna cikin ƙananan yankuna kamar tsaunukan Cartagena. Wannan nau'in halayyar ce wacce take bayyana a yankunan kewaya kuma tana tare da wasu nau'in kamar Anabasis hispanica, Salsola papillosa y Limonium Carthaginense.
Kamar yadda kake gani, akwai tsirrai waɗanda suke tsiro cikin sauƙi kuma suna da wasu amfani waɗanda suka rage akan lokaci. Ina fatan cewa tare da wannan bayanin zaku iya koyo game da fatar Lygeum da halayenta.