La Synapis arvensis, wanda ake kira da suna "filin mustard", ya ƙunshi tsire-tsire na dangi brassicaceae, wanda duk da cewa asalinsa ɗan asalin Turai ne amma kuma ya sami damar yin ɗan ƙasa tsakanin Arewacin Amurka. Idan kana son karin bayani game da ita, muna gayyatarka ka karanta wannan sakon, musamman sadaukar da filin mustard.
Wannan ciyawar shekara-shekara itacen tsire ne, wanda ke da damar haɓaka kusan 1mt high; Tushenta yana da halin kasancewarsa a tsaye kuma yana da gashi a kusa da tushe, yana da rassa sosai kuma yana da tsayi mai tsawo, tare da kusan tsayin 100cm.
HALAYENTA
Tana da manyan hakora ko haƙoran ganye a gindinta, tare da tsayi kusan 30cm, wanda zai iya zama sessile ko kuma yana da ɗan gajeren petiole. Leavesananan ganyenta yawanci ana yin su ne da kayan kwalliya, suna gabatar da lobe mafi girma, idan aka kwatanta da sauran ɓangarorin na gefe, suna da ƙananan gefen hakora; yayin da ganyayyun na sama suka banbanta ta hanyar zama mara laushi, mara laushi, hakori da rashin rarrabawa.
Rashinsa yana kunshe da filin tseren gudu ba tare da takalmin gyaran kafa da tsawaita ba hada da kananan rawaya furanni da cewa suna da 4 petals na 9-10mm; Edicusoshin jikinsu yana da madaidaiciyar siffar kuma suna da haƙƙin mallaka, kamar yadda sassan jikinsu, waɗanda suke auna kusan 5mm, launuka ne masu launi kuma, a wasu lokuta, sun bambanta da juna. Suna da gajeren stamens 4 da ƙarin biyu kaɗan kaɗan.
Hakanan, itsa isan itaciyar ita ce silsilar squashed mai siffar murabba'i huɗu, wanda tsayinsa yakai 3-5cm; thean takardu suna da tsakanin jijiyoyi 3-7 a sarari, kodayake na tsakiya yawanci ba a bayyane yake da gaske, ban da haka, ƙananan yankuna na 2 suna da tsaba a jere waɗanda suka ƙunshi 4-8 daga cikinsu.
'Ya'yan itacen da aka ce suna da ɓangaren ƙarshe da aka sani da "fuska", wanda ya kai tsawon 12-15mm a tsayi, yana da siffar kamala kuma yana ɗauke da onea onea ɗaya ko fiye. Hakanan, zamu iya nuna cewa, gaba ɗaya, da sinapis arvenis yana furewa tsakanin watannin Fabrairu da Oktoba.
Kula da Synapis arvensis
Abu na gaba, zamu bada wasu kananan nasihu game da kulawar da ya kamata a bawa mustard filin:
- Haske: Kodayake sun fi son haɓakawa cikin cikakken hasken rana, gaskiyar ita ce cewa suna da cikakken ikon tallafawa ci gaba a cikin inuwa.
- Temperatura: Zai fi kyau idan sun girma a cikin yanayi mai zafi.
- Haushi: The sinapis arvenis Ya kamata a girma a cikin ƙasa waɗanda suka bushe matsakaici zuwa danshi.
- Wuya: Ya fi son ƙasa waɗanda tushensu yana da wadataccen kimanin pH na 5.5-8.
- Nitrogen: Yana da fifikon fifita ƙasa mai ɗan kaɗan ko, kasawa da haka, talakawa matsakaici; Bai dace da ƙasa tare da yawan takin mai magani ba.
Kadarorin mustard filin
Wasu daga cikin mafi kyawun kaddarorin sinapis arvenis, ya ƙunshi waɗanda aka ambata a ƙasa:
Zai yiwu a yi amfani da irinsa iri ɗaya kamar waɗanda aka samo daga farin mustard. Yana haifar da sakamako mai daɗa akan fata, ban da samar da vasodilation na cutaneous capillaries, yana mai da shi manufa don magance cututtukan haɗin gwiwa, neuritis da rheumatism.
Yana da sinapine, wani abu wanda yake da tasirin kwayar halitta wanda yake ba shi damar yaƙi da ƙwayoyin cuta marasa kyau na Gram. Domin yana da guba lokacin amfani dashi a manyan allurai, yana da kyau koyaushe amfani da shi daidai. Yin amfani da shi ta waje fiye da kima na iya haifar da blisters kuma a cikin mafi munin yanayi, har ila yau, necrosis.
Ganyayyaki sun fita waje domin cinsuSuna da ɗan ɗanɗano mai ɗanɗano kuma suna dacewa da salads; A nasu bangaren, tsoffin ganyen suna da dan karamin dandano na acid kuma ana iya amfani da su wajen dafa abinci. Lokacin da furanninta basu buɗe ba, ana iya amfani da tushen a madadin broccoli.
A gefe guda, yana yiwuwa a cinye tsabarsa duka danye da haɗewa tare da sandwiches da / ko salads don ba shi ɗanɗano mai ɗanɗano; daidai, za a iya ƙasa don amfani da shi azaman ɗanɗano na abinci iri-iri, tunda suna da ɗan taɓa ƙwayar mustard na ainihi, daga abin da suke karɓar sunan su. Hakanan ana amfani da irinsa don samun mai.
Al'adu
Ana gudanar da noman wannan tsiron ba kawai don tattara ƙwayayensa da sarrafa su don samun abinci ba, har ma yawanci girma a matsayin ciyawa da kore shuka taki; haka nan don karawa ko kula da yalwar kasar lokacin da ake noma ta a ciki, tunda tana da saurin ci gaba.
Idan kana sha'awar shuka mustard domin samar da abinci, ya kamata ka tuna da hakan Kafin shuka shi, dole ne ku shirya ƙasa sosaiDon wannan, dole ne ku tabbatar da samar da kyakkyawan nome da wadataccen hadi, zai fi dacewa ta amfani da kayan abu.
Hakanan, yana da sauƙi mu ambaci cewa mafi nasara shine wannan girma a yankunan da ke da tasirin rana sosai da ɗan inuwa kaɗan; Har ila yau, dole ne ku tuna cewa tsire-tsire ne wanda ba ya tallafawa yanayin sanyi sosai, don haka yana iya mutuwa. A wannan ma'anar, zai fi kyau a shuka shi a farkon bazara (a lokacin da yanayin zafi na dare bai ƙasa da 10 ° C ba) don girban ɗiyansa lokacin bazara ya ƙare.
Yana yiwuwa adana zuriyar ka nan da nan bayan ka tara su, ko sanya su cikin kwantena masu ɗumi bayan sun bushe sarai. A wannan ma'anar, dole ne mu nuna cewa dole ne a yi girbin wannan shuka lokacin da 'ya'yan itacen ba su kai ga isa ba; to lallai ne a sanya su a rana ba kawai don bushewa ba, har ma don gama balaga.
Kawai ya kamata ku shayar dashi idan akwai tsawan tsawa, tunda galibi ruwan da aka samo daga ruwan sama ya ishe su. Hakanan, dole ne a faɗi cewa ana iya narkar da mustard filin a matsayin shekara-shekara ko tsiro iri-iri tare da nufin tattara duka ganyayenta da seedsa itsan ta, bi da bi.
Cututtuka
Dangane da cututtukan da sinapis arvenis, ya kamata a lura cewa, a gaba ɗaya, aphids sau da yawa yakan lalata duka buds da furannin furanni, mummunan tasiri ga samar da zuriyar ku.
Hakanan, abu ne mai yuwuwa cewa yanayin canjin yanayi wanda yake tsammanin amfanin gona mara kyau zai ƙare lalata mustard da haifar da bazuwar, don haka kyale shi ya zama mafi haɗarin kamuwa da kwari da cututtuka daban-daban.
Musamman kuma a ƙarshen bazara da farkon kaka, wannan tsire-tsire galibi mai saukin kamuwa ne da futowar fure; don haka ana ba da shawarar a girma shi a sarari da iska mai iska yadda yakamata, ana ƙoƙari a guji duk lokacin da zai yiwu, cewa ganyayen sun ƙare a yayin shayar da tsiron.
Hakanan, abu ne gama gari a gare su slugs da katantanwa, da kuma ƙwaro, wanda samar da ramuka a kusa da ganyayyakin da ke kawo karshen raunin shuka. Don haka idan kuna tunanin bunkasa shi, kar ku manta da la'akari da bayanan da ke sama, tabbas hakan zai taimaka muku wajen samun shuka mai karfi da lafiya.