A yau za mu yi magana game da batun da ya shafi pino kuma dukkanmu. Ya game da Pine processionary. Anyi la'akari da mafi mahimmanci kwari a cikin yankunan Pine na Rum. Wasu tsukakku ne na caterpillars waɗanda suke motsawa cikin layi kamar suna jerin gwano. Daga nan ne sunan ya fito. Sunan kimiyya shine Thaumetopoea pityocampa kuma ana samun sa a cikin gandun daji na Bahar Rum. Zai iya shafar lambuna da gandun daji kuma daga cikin sakamakon sa zamu iya samun mummunar lahani ga mutane.
A cikin wannan labarin za mu gaya muku abin da aikin pine yake da yadda yake rayuwa da yadda za mu iya yaƙar sa don magance sakamakon sa. Kuna son ƙarin sani game da ita? Ci gaba da karatu domin zamu bayyana muku komai.
Mene ne aikin pine
Don bayyana karara yadda zamu iya gano wannan muhimmin kwari, bari mu bayyana menene shi. Yana da yawaitar malam buɗe ido a cikin waɗannan wurare, wanda lokacin ɗan kwalliyar yana da waɗannan halaye masu ban mamaki. Kuma hakane suna motsa layi kamar layi. Suna yin gida gida a cikin bishiyun kuma sabbin ganyayyaki suna ci. Baya lalata bishiyar da take yiwa lahani, ta zama annoba da ta shafi mutane ma.
Yayinda bazara ke karatowa zamu iya ganin hanyar bishiyoyi masu cuta da kwarangwal, sakamakon cutar parasitism ta wannan kwari. Idan ana sarrafa yawan mutanen da ke tafiya, ba lallai ba ne a koma ga kowane irin aiki. Matsalar tana tasowa lokacin da adadin waɗannan yankuna ya wuce gona da iri kuma ana iya ganin tasirinsu a cikin dazukan Bahar Rum.
A matakin kyan gani, zamu iya ganin cewa bala'i ne. Ganin pines a cikin irin wannan mummunan yanayin ba ya haifar da jin daɗi mai kyau. Koyaya, waɗannan kwari ba za su iya tantancewa ko wannan bishiyar tana rayuwa ko ta mutu ba. Pines suna da ikon sake tohuwa bayan an kai musu hari har ma da ƙarfi.
Irin wannan kwarin kuma yana kaiwa bishiyoyi da firs, kodayake ya fi yawa a cikin pine.
Lokacin da bazara ta iso, duk nest processions suna fara kyankyashewa. Daga nan ne lokacin da malam buɗe ido ba dare ya fara mamaye dazuzzuka na Alicante da lardin duka, yankin kudu da tsakiyar Spain. Wadannan yankuna sune wuraren da muke samun karin mutane tunda yanayin muhalli don ci gaban su yafi inganci.
Yadda zaka gane su
Masu gudanar da Pine suna sanya ƙwai akan rassan bishiyar bishiyar bishiyar. A cikin waɗannan yankuna mafi girma akwai sabbin harbe-harben bishiyar kuma, sabili da haka, sabo ne kuma mafi wadataccen abinci ga kifayen. Wannan shine dalilin sanya kwai a wannan ɓangaren. Caterpillars suna da dogon gashi a jikinsu.
Matsalar wadannan kwari ita ce, wannan gashin da aka rufe shi da shi yana da wasu abubuwa na zahiri wadanda za su iya haifar da mummunar illa ga dan adam. Zai yiwu ku ga jerin gwanon waɗannan kwari kuma zai ja hankalinku ku je ku gansu. Tare da wata 'yar barazanar da wadannan kwari suke ji, za su iya sakin zafin gashinsu na kare don kare kansu. Hakanan yana shafar karnukan da suka haɗu da su kuma suke ƙoƙarin cin su. Don hakan ya shafe mu, ba lallai ba ne cewa akwai tuntuɓar kai tsaye. Da zaran sun ji barazanar, sai su saki gashin kansu a cikin iska kuma zasu haifar da damuwa da rashin jin daɗi.
Akwai lokutan da mutanen da suke ƙoƙarin tako kansu suka karɓi rashin lafia ba tare da wata alaƙa ko wata alaƙa ba. Dabbobin Pine waɗanda suke da rauni sosai sune: pine nigra (baƙin pine), Pinus canariensis (canary pine), Pinus sylvestris (Scots pine), Pinus pinaster (mai pine pinaster), Pinus halepensis (Aleppo pine) kuma Pinus na dabba (pine dutse). Wannan yana nufin, duk waɗanda suke cikin yankunan da aka ambata.
Tsarin rayuwa na Thaumetopoea pityocampa
Dogaro da yanayin yankin da suke zaune, masu jerin gwanon yana yin ƙwai. Lokacin da wata ya wuce, zaka iya ganin aljihun halayyar a cikin bishiyoyi daga inda kwari suka fara kirkira.
Tsutsayen da ake haifuwa a lokacin rani suna yin watanni mafi sanyi suna ɓoyewa a cikin aljihunan wuraren busassun. Waɗannan jaka an yi su da zaren siliki mai tsananin siliki. A kowace aljihu zamu iya samun tsakanin tsutsa 100 zuwa 200. Lokacin da dare yayi, wadannan tsutsayen zasu fara neman abinci da kuma kula da ganyayyaki da kananan ganyen itacen.
Idan sun yi sanyi sosai ko sun gama ciyarwa, sai su koma cikin jaka don jin suna da kariya. Dumamar yanayi na shafar waɗannan kwari tare da ƙaruwar yanayin zafin duniya. Idan waɗannan tsutsa suna jin daɗin kwanakin dumi a shekara, suna da damar hayayyafa fiye da lambobi fiye da idan sanyi ne.
Yana da a ƙarshen hunturu lokacin da suka sauka daga pine don binne kansu kuma sun zama butterflies. A ƙarshen lokacin rani waɗannan malam buɗe ido suna barin ƙasar kuma suna yin kwafi don sake yin ƙwai a cikin pines. Labarin da aka haifa daga ƙasa yawancin mutane basu san shi ba tunda suna da rayuwar awanni 24 kawai. A waccan lokacin suna kwafsawa ne kawai suna yin kwai don tsara mai zuwa.
Yana cikin tsaka-tsakin lardin caterpillars da suka fi ciyar da hankali. Ta wannan hanyar suna cin duk cikakkun allurar itacen. Yanayin muhalli ne ke yanke shawara lokacin larvae suna saukowa daga bishiyoyi don isa ƙasa, binne kansu da pupate.
Caterpillar da ke jagorantar jerin gwanon mata ne kuma yana neman ranaku mafi ƙanƙanci da ɗumi a yankin don binne kansa. Yanayin mafi kyau duka wanda aka binne shi kusan digiri 20 ne.
Yadda ake yakarsa
- Aikin rigakafin farko da muke da shi shine wanda zai kawar da aljihunan. Ta wannan hanyar, zamu kawar da yawan mutanen da zasu zama manya.
- Kawar da kwari lokacin da suka sauko daga bishiyar. Kuna iya sanya wasu robobi da ruwa yadda in suka sauko daga bishiyar, sai su nitse cikin nutsuwa.
- Hallaka wuraren da aka binne. Dole ne kawai ku kalli wuraren da akwai ƙaramin tuddai kimanin 15-25 cm. Za mu tono su mu kashe su.
- Tare da wasu tarkon pheromone zamu iya kamawa maza kuma mu hana ta daga mata.
- Gabatar da mahaukata na dabi'a wanda baya shafar sauran alumma kamar su kaza da kuma shuɗin shuɗi.
Ina fatan cewa tare da wannan bayanin zaku iya koyo game da aikin pine.