Wataƙila kun taɓa jin labarin batutuwa masu alaƙa da shuka daga tropism da nastia. Baƙon abu ne kuma kalmomin kimiyya ne kawai, amma ana amfani dasu sosai a fagen ilmin halitta da kuma ilimin tsirrai.
Tabbas idan kun koyi waɗannan kalmomin, kun kusanci sanin duniyar tsirrai da fahimtar su da kyau. Shin kana son sanin menene waɗannan kalmomin guda biyu?
Tropism
Tropism shine ƙaurar da tsire-tsire ke yi (ko wani lokacin kawai wasu gabobin daga ciki) don amsawa ga motsawar waje. Saboda akwai nau'ikan motsi da ƙaura daban-daban, akwai nau'ikan wurare masu yawa na wurare daban-daban, kuma ya danganta da yanayin motsawar da take amsuwa.
Misali na farko shine lokacinda abin da shuke-shuke ya bashi amsa ya fito ne daga karfin karfin duniya da hanzarin sa. Ana kiran sa gravitropism kuma ya kunshi ci gaban asalinsu zuwa ƙasa yayin da mai tushe ya yi sama har sai sun zo saman.
Wani misalin shine phototropism wanda shuke-shuke ke amsawa ga haske kuma yake ba da damar cigaban hotunan hoto. Abinda yafi fice shi ne heliotropism wanda ya dogara da motsi da tsire-tsire daidai da yanayin rana. Mun sami sunflowers waɗanda suke iya matsawa zuwa rana don ƙara yawan ƙwayoyin hotuna da kuma yin aiki sosai.
Akwai wasu nau'ikan wurare daban-daban na wurare daban-daban, kamar chemotropism, wanda ke da ikon haɗa martani na tsirrai da abubuwan sunadarai. Misali, akwai tsirrai wadanda suke da karfin motsi don samun wasu sinadarai masu amfani da sinadarai ko, akasin haka, don "guduwa" daga garesu. Hakanan muna samun abubuwan motsawa kamar iska (aerotropism) wanda shuke-shuke ke fuskantar kansu a cikin yankunan da suke da iska ko kuma ruwa (hydrotropism).
Da nastia
Har ila yau, nastia ya dace da motsi na tsire-tsire mai amsawa ga abubuwan motsawa. Don haka yaya kalmomin biyu suka bambanta? Bambancin asali tsakanin wani tsallen tsibiri da nastia shine cewa a cikin tropism, amsar abubuwan motsa jiki wani abu ne mai ci gaba, ma'ana, koyaushe suna yi.. Misali, a cikin yanayin sararin samaniya, tsirrai koyaushe zasu girma kuma suna daidaita kansu zuwa wuraren da ke da iska mai yawa. Koyaya, a cikin nastia, amsawa ga matsalolin waje yana faruwa ne kawai don fewan awanni ko minutesan mintoci kaɗan.
Har ila yau a cikin nastia, shugabanci na kara kuzari baya tasiri ga motsin shuka. Misali, muna da shuke-shuke masu cin nama wadanda ke iya amsawa ga wani abin motsawa kamar yadda kwaron ya tsaya a kan ganye, amma yana yin hakan ne nan take. Da zarar ya amsa ga mai motsawa, sai ya koma matsayin farawa.
Daga cikin misalan nastias muna da thigmonastia, wanda shine motsi na tsire-tsire a cikin martani na ɗan lokaci don tuntuɓar shi. Akwai tsire-tsire waɗanda kawai ta taɓa su suna motsawa. Wannan martanin yana nuna cewa tsiron ya fi kulawa da canje-canje a cikin mahalli.
Hakanan muna da wasu shuke-shuke da suke motsawa saboda yawan ɗumi ko, akasin haka, saboda ƙarancin zafi. An kira shi hydronastia kuma yana faruwa ne kawai lokacin da akwai canje-canje a cikin zafi. Idan babu canje-canje, babu motsi. Koyaya, a cikin yanayin ruwa tsire-tsire koyaushe yana girma a cikin inda akwai ƙarin ruwa.
Wani nau'in nastia shine nictinastia, shima anfi saninsa tunda ya shafi budewa da rufe ganyen shuke-shuke ya danganta da yini da dare. Ko thermonastia wanda yake game da motsi ya danganta da yanayin yanayin wurin.
Kamar yadda kuke gani, shuke-shuke kuma suna amsawa ga motsawar waje daga mahalli. Akwai tsire-tsire waɗanda ke girma don neman mafi kyawun yanayin iska, abinci, ruwa, da dai sauransu. Sauran kuma waɗanda ke iya motsawa don ciyar da kansu, kare kansu ko yin aiki a wani lokaci. Da wannan kun riga kun san wani abu game da tsirrai kuma zaku iya kusantar su.