Dutsen Elm (Ulmus glabra)

Itace da aka sani da Ulmus gilashi Tsirrai ne mai saurin girma wanda yake samar da inuwa mai dadi, kuma kuma, idan wannan bai wadatar ba, ya kai matuka masu tsayi. Ya zama cikakke don girma cikin manyan lambuna, na sirri ne ko na jama'a.

Kulawarta yana da sauƙin da zai zama da wuya a gaskata cewa yana da kyau sosai cikin shekara. Gano. '????

Asali da halaye

Itace bishiyar bishiyar ɗan asalin tsaunukan Turai, wanda aka fi sani da montane elm, tsaunin dutse ko tsaunin tsauni. Ya kai mita 40 a tsayi, tare da sama ko wideasa mai shimfiɗa kusan 4-5m. Ganyayyaki suna da sauƙi, madadin, tare da gefen gefe, asymmetrical a gindi da acuminate.

Furanninta, waɗanda suke tohowa a farkon bazara kafin ganye, ana haɗasu a cikin inflorescences kuma suna hermaphrodite, ba tare da petals ba, adadi daga 10 zuwa 20. 'Ya'yan itacen samara ne wanda yakai kimanin 2,5cm tsayi da faɗi 2cm. An bashi fuka-fuki tare da santsi gefuna da iri.

Menene damuwarsu?

Idan kana son samun kwafi, muna bada shawara cewa ka samar dashi da kulawa kamar haka:

Yanayi

A waje, cikin cikakken rana. Kasancewa babban itace, yana da mahimmanci a dasa shi gwargwadon iko daga bututu, bango, bango, manyan shuke-shuke, da dai sauransu. Manufa zata kasance barin mafi ƙarancin tazarar mita 10 daga waɗannan abubuwa ta yadda, a gefe ɗaya, ba ya haifar da matsala, kuma a ɗaya bangaren, yana iya samun ci gaba mai kyau.

Tierra

• Aljanna: yana tsiro a cikin kowane irin ƙasa, har da waɗanda suke da taɓe. Amma a, ya fi son waɗanda ke iya jan ruwa da sauri.
• Tukunyar fure: babu matsalolin substrate, matuƙar yana da pH tsakanin 6 da 7,5, kamar ƙirar girma ta duniya ko ciyawa misali. Koyaya, ba tsiro bane wanda za'a iya girma cikin kwantena a tsawon rayuwarsa, sai dai in an datsa shi cikin daji ko siffar bonsai (a nan mun bayyana kulawar elm bonsai).

Watse

Elungiyar tsaunuka ba ta tsayayya da fari; Koyaya, babu ciwo don tafiya fewan kwanaki ba tare da ruwa ba. Bugu da kari, idan aka yi ruwan sama kamar da bakin kwarya daga lokaci zuwa lokaci a shekara fiye da cutar da ku, za su iya amfanar ku (musamman idan ya girma a yankuna kamar yankin Bahar Rum, inda yanayin zafi a lokacin rani ya yi yawa sosai kuma karancin ruwan sama shi ne matsala).

Amma don komai ya tafi daidai, Ana ba da shawarar sosai don shayar da shi aƙalla sau biyu a mako a lokacin mafi zafi, kuma da ɗan kaɗan sauran shekara. Idan aka tukunya, sai a sha ruwa sau 3-4 a lokacin dumi, sauran kuma 2 / sati.

Mai Talla

Daga farkon bazara zuwa ƙarshen bazara Dole ne a biya shi da takin gargajiya, kamar su gaban (samu shi a cikin hoda a nan kuma ruwa ta a nan) misali, sau daya a wata. Yi amfani da takin mai magani idan kuna da tukunya domin magudanar ruwa ta ci gaba da zama mai kyau.

Yawaita

Ana ninka gwal ta hanyar tsaba da yanka. Bari mu ga yadda za a ci gaba a kowane yanayi:

Tsaba

Ana shuka su a cikin bazara, bin wannan mataki mataki:

1. Da farko dai, dole ne a cika tire mai ɗauke da matsakaiciyar ƙasa ta duniya.
2. Sannan, ana shayar da hankali.
3. Bayan haka, ana shuka matsakaicin tsaba biyu a cikin kowace soket, kuma an rufe su da wani matsakaitan matsakaiciyar matattarar abubuwa.
4. Na gaba, yayyafa da jan ƙarfe ko ƙibiritu don hana bayyanar naman gwari.
5. A ƙarshe, tare da abin fesawa / atomizer, ana fesa ruwa a saman, kuma ana ajiye tiren a waje, a cikin inuwar ta kusa.

Kiyaye substrate mai danshi, zasuyi tsiro cikin kamar sati 3 ko 4.

Yankan

Ana ɗaukar yanki na reshen itace-na itace kusan 30cm a ƙarshen hunturu, kuma zamu ci gaba:

1. Yi wa tushe ciki tare da wakokin rooting na gida ko rooting na kwayoyin cuta.
2. Cika tukunya da vermiculite a baya wanda aka jika da ruwa.
3. Shuka yankan a cikin wannan tukunyar, yin rami a cikin bututun, a tsakiyar kafin (kuma ba ƙusarwa kai tsaye ba).
4. Ruwa da sanya tukunyar waje, a cikin inuwar ta kusa.

Don haka, zai fitar da tushen sa bayan kamar watanni 2.

Karin kwari

Yana da hankali ga harin na:

• Borers (scolytus scolytus): tono taswira a cikin rassa da akwati, yana raunana shuka. Ana yaƙi tare da Methyl-paration.
• Mealybugs: na auduga ko mai kama da fata, suna ciyarwa a kan ruwan ganyen, amma suna yaƙi da ƙasa mai ɗumbin ruwa, sabulun potassium ko paraffin.
• Elm Galeruca (Galerucella luteola): tsutsar ciki da manya suna cin ganye, suna barin jijiyoyin. Ana magance shi da magungunan kwari kamar su Malathion.
• Tsuntsaye masu tsalle-tsalle: suna cin ganyaye, suna sanya su huda. Ana magance shi tare da Cutar da Maɗaukaki.
• Jirgin motsa jiki (Zeuzera Pyrina y kowa cossus): Ta hanyar tono tashoshi a cikin akwatin, suna raunana bishiyar ƙwarai, suna haifar da saurin ganye. Mafi kyawon magani shine rigakafi, amfani da man kwari a lokacin sanyi.

Cututtuka

Zaka iya yin rashin lafiya daga:

• Gangar jikin: sanadiyar fungi kamar Polyporus ko Formes. Suna shiga ta hanyar raunin raunuka, kuma bayan ɗan gajeren lokaci ana iya ganin jikinsu na 'ya'yan itacen (namomin kaza) a jikin akwatin.
  Abinda yafi dacewa ayi shine ka guji yankan manyan abubuwa, kuma kayi amfani da kayan aikin da aka riga aka cutar dasu.
• Haushi gwangwani: su fungi ne wadanda suke shiga cikin akwatin suka bazu a cikin shuka, suna haifar da launin ruwan kasa da faduwar ganye.
  Ana iya magance shi tare da kayan gwari, amma yaƙin yana da wuya.
• Elm zane-zane: yana faruwa ne ta hanyar fungi na kwayar halittar Ophiostoma, wanda ke haifar da dashewa da mutuwar itacen.
  Da zaran an gano alamun farko, dole ne a yanke sassan da abin ya shafa kuma a kula da su tare da benomyl, thiabendazole ko carbendazime.

Mai jan tsami

Lokacin hunturu Ya kamata a cire bushewa, cuta, mai rauni ko karyayyun rassan, waɗanda kuma suke girma da yawa ya kamata a yanke su.

Rusticity

Yana ƙin sanyin sanyi har zuwa -20ºC.

Menene amfani dashi?

Baya ga amfani da shi azaman tsire-tsire na ado, wanda aka dasa azaman keɓaɓɓen samfurin ko a layuka, ana amfani da shi don:

• Madera: anyi amfani dashi a aikin katako, kayan haɗi, marquetry, turnery, hydraulic ko jirgin ruwa, da dai sauransu.
• Itace Itace: yana samar da gawayi mai sauki, tokarsa, ta hanyar ƙunshe da sinadarin potassium, shi kuma zai yi aikin takin ƙasa.
• Bar: azaman fodder.
• Cortex: yana da magani, tunda yana da abubuwan banƙyama da sudoriferous.

Me kuka yi tunani game da Ulmus gilashi?