Bonsai suna ɗaya daga cikin shuke-shuke da ake yabawa kuma suke jan hankali a wajen. Samun damar samun bishiya a cikin gida, ko a farfaji, koyaushe ya ɗauki hankalinmu. Idan abin da kuke nema ya zama daya daga karce, to, zamu tattauna da ku yadda ake hada bonsai a sauƙaƙe, tare da damuwa mai matukar wahala kuma bai kamata ya baku matsala ba.
Idan kana son sanin yadda ake bonsai tare da duk matakan da za'a bi kuma aka warware shakku, zamu bayyana muku shi.
Zaitun bonsai
Source: haciendaguzman
Kafin magana da kai game da yadda ake hada bonsai na zaitun yana da mahimmanci muyi magana kafin menene halaye na wannan da sauran bayanan da yakamata ku sani. Itacen zaitun, tare da sunan kimiyya Olea Europea L, itace ne mai ƙarancin gaske, wanda yake asalin yankin Rum. Yana jinkirin girma, amma a cikin dawowa koyaushe yana haɓaka mai kauri da gajere, mafi wahalarwa kamar yadda ya samu cikin shekaru. Ganyayyaki suna zama kore duk shekara kuma galibi suna da tsayi, basu da girma. Bugu da kari, a lokacin bazara, dunkulen fararen furanni sun fara fitowa tare da turare mai dadi.
Babu shakka, bayan furannin sun zo fruitsa fruitsan itacen, waɗancan zaitun waɗanda ake amfani da su don yin man zaitun (da dangi).
Amma me yasa koya yadda ake yin bonsai daga itacen zaitun kuma ba daga wani nau'in itaciya ba? Da kyau, saboda yana da matukar juriya. Duk lokacin dasawa da kuma datsewa, waɗannan bishiyoyin suna da wuyar gaske kuma yana da wahala a "kashe" su. Sabili da haka, ga masu farawa, bonsai na wannan nau'in, wanda har yanzu yana nan yadda yake a duk shekara, ya fi karɓa. Yanzu, duk da wannan tsayin daka, gaskiya ne cewa zai buƙaci jerin kulawa.
Yadda ake hada bonsai
Don fara yin zaitun bonsai, abu na farko da zaka buƙata shine sanin wane samfurin da zaka yi amfani da shi. Yawancin shaguna suna da wanda ake kira «prebonsáis», wato a ce, tsire-tsire waɗanda sun riga sun kasance fewan shekaru kuma suna shirye don dacewa da rayuwarsu kamar bonsai. Wasu kuma sun zabi shuka bonsai ne daga wani irin, wanda ke bukatar karin lokaci, kuma musamman a dasa shi a cikin tukwane ko a cikin kasa inda zai iya bunkasa na 'yan shekaru da kitse akwatin kafin a canza shi zuwa tukunyar bonsai.
A halin da muke ciki, zamu maida hankali ne ga itacen zaitun wanda ya riga ya cika fewan shekaru, wanda yake saurayi ne kuma za'a iya gyara shi.
Zaɓi tukunyar itacen zaitun
Kafin ka tashi don zaɓar ƙaramar tukunyar bonsai a duniya, dole ne ka fahimci cewa itacen zaitun ba a shirya shi ba. Dole ne ku tafi a hankali. Wannan yana nuna cewa, tare da canje-canjen da zaku yi kowane yearsan shekaru, zaka iya yin "akwatinka" karami ko babba, amma ba zato ba tsammani. A wannan yanayin, muna ba da shawarar kuyi amfani da tukunya wanda ke da zurfin daidai da diamita na itacen kuma yana da sulusin bishiyar. Ta wannan hanyar, zaku tabbatar cewa yana da kyau sosai kuma bashi da matsala.
Shuka itacen zaitun
To wannan tukunyar dole ne ku cika ta da takin gargajiya da yashi. Da farko sanya ƙasa a cikin tukunyar sannan sanya itacen zaitun a saman (ba tare da tukunya ba kuma tare da tushe mai kyau idan zai yiwu) don ci gaba da ƙara ƙasa kuma rufe shi da kyau. Yi ƙoƙari kada ku tara ƙasa da yawa saboda hakan zai hana ta zubar da ruwa da kyau, kuma zai shafi lafiyar tushensu.
Gano bonsai
Yanzu da ka dasa itacen zaitun ka kuma zai zama bonsai, dole ne ka sanya shi a yankin da ya dace kuma kada ka motsa shi daga nan har sai ya zauna. Yana da al'ada cewa zaku iya zubar da sheetsan zanen gado a farkon.
Muna ba da shawarar cewa, har tsawon mako ɗaya ko makamancin haka, same shi a wuri mai inuwa, amma to lallai ne ku canza shi har sai ya sami aƙalla awanni shida na hasken rana da inuwa.
Yaushe za a dasa itacen zaitun a yanka shi ya zama bonsai?
Yankan hanya hanya ce mai sauƙin gaske don 'haɗa' samfurin yanzu. Waɗannan ƙananan igiyoyi ne ko gungumen da aka dasa su a cikin ƙasa don su ci gaba da asali kuma, tare da shi, sabon itace.
El mafi kyawun lokacin shuka cuttings koyaushe a bazara da bazara; Sai dai idan sun fi girma cuttings, cewa waɗanda suke mafi alh betterri a cikin hunturu.
Yanzu, yin bonsai na zaitun ta hanyar yankan zai iya zama mai tayar da hankali saboda zai dauki dogon lokaci kafin ya zama bonsai. Don baka ra'ayi, idan daga zuriya ne zuwa bonsai, zai iya daukar kimanin shekaru 15; daga yankan zuwa bonsai na iya zama shekaru 7-10.
Yaya ake shayar da bonsai na zaitun?
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Ofaya daga cikin dabaru don ƙara wanzuwar zaitun bonsai babu shakka an shayar dashi. Dole ne ku koyi hakan itacen zaitun itace da ke son laima, amma ba a malale shi duk rana. Sabili da haka, lokacin shayarwa, koyaushe ya kamata ku yi shi daga sama, ganin cewa ruwan yana fitowa ta ramin da ke ƙasan tukunyar.
Idan ana yin hakan da sauri, abin da zaka iya yi shine sanya tire a ƙasa don tara ruwan da ajiye shi na hoursan awanni don sha abin da yake buƙata. Bayan haka, yana da kyau a cire shi don kada ya ruɓe tushen.
Koyaya, a wuraren da mahalli ya bushe, abin da za a yi shi ne sanya wasu duwatsu da ruwa a cikin wannan tiren, waɗanda ba sa rufe duka duwatsun. A saman kun sanya tukunyar zaitun kuma, ta wannan hanyar, zai sami asalin yanayin ɗabi'a, wanda dole ne ku sarrafa shi don kada ruwan ya ƙafe.
Yaushe za ayi itacen bishiyar zaitun na bonsai?
Dole ne ku san hakan sabulun zaitun bonsai yana nufin yanke ganyen bishiya. Ana yin wannan galibi don ba da ƙarfi ga sabbin harbe-harbe, amma kuma don rage girman ganyen, wani abu da ya zama ruwan dare gama gari a waɗannan samfuran. Don yin wannan, yana da mahimmanci dokinka ya kasance cikin ƙoshin lafiya saboda ƙira ce da za ta iya zama da matukar damuwa.
Mafi kyawun lokacin yin hakan shine a cikin watan Yuni, tunda akwai isasshen lokaci don sabbin harbe-harbe da ganye su fito kuma itacen baya shan wahala sosai. Dabarar ta kunshi amfani da dogayen almakashi mai kaifi da yankan wani sashi na petiole, yana barin dayan yadda yake.
Yana da mahimmanci cewa, da zarar kun yi, sanya bonsai a wani yanki mai inuwa na fewan kwanaki, har sai an ga cewa sabbin harbe-harbe sun fara girma (yana iya ɗaukar wata ɗaya). Hakanan kuna buƙatar rage ba da ruwa kadan don taimaka muku murmurewa.