Mun san beets a matsayin kayan lambu masu ɗabi'a waɗanda suka fi son wadataccen ƙasa kamar daukar rana zuwa cikakken rana. Beets ɓangare ne na iyali Chenopodiaceae bisa ga tsarin gargajiya ko kuma daga dangin Amaranthaceae bisa ga tsarin ilimin halittar jiki.
Ta yaya ake shuka bewayen bewa?
Akwai hanyoyi biyu don shuka beets, daya shine ta hanyar shuka su a cikin kwalaye dayan kuma ta hanyar shuka su kai tsaye a cikin kasa.
Shuka a cikin ciyawar shuka
- Mun cika akwatin 2/3 tare da tukunyar ƙasa kuma muna matsi a hankali tare da matattara.
- Mun sanya glomeruli barin akalla 3 cm tsakanin kowane.
- Muna rufe dusar da aka shuka tare da sieve kuma ɗauka da sauƙi tare da taimakon trowel.
- Muna fesa ruwa tare da taimakon abin fesawa.
Lokacin da tsirrai suka kai 10 cm ko lokacin da suke da aƙalla ganye biyar na farko, dole ne mu sanya su a ƙasa tare da sarari kusan 20 cm tsakanin su da zaban wadanda suka fi karfi.
Shuka a cikin ƙasa
Beets kamar fi son ƙasa mai sanyi da sako-sako da, zamu fara da sassauta ƙasa tare da murfin gashi da matakin tare da taimakon ƙugiya. Muna ƙarawa, idan ya cancanta, ɗan toka kaɗan saboda gwoza sun fi son potash. Idan tsiron yana buƙatar shi, za mu ƙara takin da ya manyanta ko kuma ruɓaɓɓen takin a cikin huda.
Wannan shukar da akeyi kai tsaye akan layi:
- Muna buɗe raƙuka 1 zuwa 2 cm zurfi, tare da sarari 25 zuwa 30 cm baya.
- Sannan zamu shuka glomerulus kowane 5 cm.
- Muna rufewa da ƙasa mai kyau sannan kuma latsa tare da bayan rake.
- Muna yayyafa a hankali kuma muna kiyaye duniya da danshi har sai ta tashi.
- Da zarar tsirrai sun kai 10 cm ko kuma suna da ganyaye biyar na farko, za a zaɓi waɗanda suka fi ƙarfin aiki kuma muna sanya su a sarari na santimita 20 kowannensu.
Shuka beets da dasa shi
Gwoza yawanci ana shuka shi a cikin ƙasa, amma don noman farko yafi kyau shuka shi a cikin kwalaye:
A farkon namo, mun sanya iri a ƙarshen Fabrairu zuwa Afrilu a ƙananan kwalaye. Yawancin lokaci ana dasawa ne a lokacin dasa farko a wurin, wanda ke nufin cewa yana cikin watan Afrilu, wannan hanya ce da ke ba da damar girbi daga Mayu zuwa Yuli.
A noman yanayi, ana yin shuka a tsakiyar watan Afrilu zuwa Yuli kai tsaye a cikin ƙasa don a girbin da zai gudana daga Yuli zuwa Oktoba.
Yadda ake girbi da adana beets?
Domin girbi na farko, dole ne mu girbe gwoza a cikin watannin Mayu zuwa Yuli. Ga menene lokacin girma, wannan aiki ne wanda aka yi tsakanin watannin Yuli da Oktoba.
Wasu masu lambu suna girbe ganyen samari don cinye abin da aka sani da mezclum. Idan muka yanke shawarar yin wannan, ya kamata mu yi taka tsantsan kada mu shayar da tsire-tsire har su zama tushen su.
Don mu iya kiyaye beets duk tsawon hunturu, ana ba da shawarar mu ajiye su a wuri mai sanyi da duhu, kamar cellar.
Don inganta kiyayewar gwoza da kiyaye kyawawan halaye masu dandano, zamu iya binne gwoza a ƙarƙashin wani yashi na busassun yashi. A cikin yanayi mai yanayi, ana iya kiyaye su a cikin ƙasa kawai ana kiyaye su tare da taimakon ciyawa.
Gwoza da gwoza gwoza
Sigatoka cuta ce ta fungal da Cercospora beticola naman gwari. Wannan sanannen abu ne kuma ana bayyana shi ta ƙananan wurare zagaye a saman farfajiyar ganye, suna da launin ruwan kasa zuwa launin toka-toka kuma kewaye da jan iyaka. Ganyen da ya fi shafa ya bushe ya mutu.
A gefe guda, tsutsa mai gwoza wanda aka fi sani da Pegomycete ko mai hako gwoza, cuta ce inda larvae ke tono wuraren nuna hotuna a cikin ganyayyaki. Koyaya, wannan kwaro bai cika zama ruwan dare a gonaki ba kamar na amfanin gona.