da bishiyoyi da shuke-shuke kusan kusan rufe ƙwanƙolin duniya, kawai a sandunan da zamu sami wahalar samun wani. Godiya gare su, rayuwa a doron duniya na iya wanzuwa, tunda halittun dabbobi sun dogara da iskar oxygen da suke fitarwa ta cikin ganyen ta. Amma mu ma muna taimaka musu, ta hanyar fitar da iskar carbon dioxide da suke amfani da ita don yin glucose… da oxygen. Don haka, ana iya cewa an kammala zagaye, kodayake gaskiyar ita ce kayan lambu sun bayyana tun kafin dabbobi .
Daga cikin su duka, ɗayan waɗanda suka ja hankali sosai sune na arboreal. Shin kun san yadda bishiyoyi ke hotynthesize? Ba haka bane? Muna bayyana muku shi.
Mene ne hotunan hoto?
Photosynthesis tsari ne na samarda abinci daga dukkan tsirrai. Don yin hakan suna buƙatar chlorophyll, wanda shine koren abu wanda ke cikin ganyayyaki. Chlorophyll yana shan hasken rana, wanda, tare da carbon dioxide, na iya canza ɗanyen ɗanyen itace (ruwa da gishirin ma'adinai waɗanda tushensu ke ɗebo daga ƙasa) ko cikin ruwan da aka sarrafa. Ofaya daga cikin sakamakon wannan aikin, ban da haɓakar shukar, shine oxygen da ganyayyaki ke fitarwa.
Amma kamar yadda muka sani, akwai bishiyoyi waɗanda a wasu yanayi (zai iya zama lokacin rani idan suna zaune a cikin busassun ƙasa da yanayin zafi sosai, ko lokacin kaka-hunturu idan suna zaune a yankuna masu sanyi-masu sanyi) basu da ganye. Shin suna yin hotunan hoto kuma? A'a ba za su iya ba 't. A cikin wadannan watannin za su rayu tare da abubuwan gina jiki da suka adana har tsawon shekara.
Shin bishiyoyin bishiyun bishiyu suna daukar hotuna a lokacin sanyi?
Bishiyoyi masu yanke bishiyoyi, ma'ana, waɗanda suka ƙare daga ganye a wani lokaci a cikin shekara, sun sami damar kasancewa da rai yayin mafi munin yanayi mai girma. yaya? Da kyau, ya zama cewa a cikin akwati da kuma a cikin rassa suna da pores na musamman, ana kiran su lenticels.
Wadannan an yi su ne da kyallen kyalle, kuma sune ke da alhakin musayar iskar gas da kuma yanayin ɓawon burodi. Ta hanyar su, bishiyun bishiyun zasu iya numfasawa da zufa, don haka su rayu. Idan kana son karin bayani game da wannan batun, latsa nan:
Hanyoyin daukar hoto
Photosynthesis tsari ne wanda ke tafiya ta matakai biyu, waɗanda ake kira haske da duhu matakai:
Share mataki
Yana faruwa idan haske yakai ganyen, musamman ga launin launin fata wanda muka sani da chlorophyll. Bayan jerin halayen sunadarai, wannan makamashi ya canza zuwa enzymes na ATP da NADPH, wanda za'a yi amfani dashi a cikin matakin duhu. Bugu da kari, kwayoyin ruwa suna fasa sakin oxygen.
Mataki mai duhu
A wannan matakin, wanda ake kira Calvin-Benson Cycle, ana amfani da samfuran da aka samu a madaidaicin matakin da aka ƙara wa carbon dioxide (CO2) don samun carbohydrates, wato abinci ga shuke-shuke.
Yana da wannan sunan saboda yawanci yakan faru ne da daddare, amma idan masu ba da makamashi ba su kasance ba, zai faru ne kawai da rana.
Taswirar duniya ta hoto
A wannan taswirar zaka ga yadda 'kore' gidan mu yake, Duniya. Kamar yadda kake gani, akwai wasu halittun shuke-shuke a cikin tekuna: algae da phytoplankton. M, ba shi? Mutane sun dogara gare su don rayuwa, amma idan muka ci gaba da fatattakar gandun daji da ƙazantar da tekuna, ba za mu sami abin da ya rage ba.
Shin gandun daji shine ainihin huhun duniya?
An faɗi abubuwa da yawa cewa wurare kamar gandun daji na Amazon ko gandun daji na Arctic sune huhun duniyar, amma yaya gaskiyar hakan? Kodayake yana da wuyar gaskatawa, ba yawa ba. A cewar wani binciken, kurmin kurmi kawai ke samar da kashi 28% na iskar oxygen a duniya. Yana da yawa, amma a'a, ba huhun huhu bane, amma kananan kwayoyin halitta ne wadanda suka hada phytoplankton, da algae da plankton.
Wadannan suna sakin har zuwa kashi 70% na gas mai mahimmanci da muke buƙatar numfashi. Reasonarin dalili ɗaya don kulawa da tekuna, wanda shine wurin da suke zaune.
Me kuka gani game da wannan batun?
A wane lokaci ne ganyen bishiyoyi suke yin hotuna?
Sannu Jorge.
Bishiyoyi, kamar sauran tsire-tsire, suna yin hotuna da zaran rana ta fito, kuma suna 'bacci' da daddare.
A gaisuwa.