A yau zamu tattauna ne game da wani nau'in maganin kashe ciyawa wanda ya haifar da cece-kuce a duniyar mahalli da noma. Game da shi <br> <br> <br>. Monsanto babban kamfani ne wanda ke samar da albarkatun gona da kimiyyar kere-kere wanda aka tsara don noma. Ofaya daga cikin manyan maganganun da Monsanto ke amfani da shi don da'awar cewa yana goyon bayan kimiyyar kimiyyar kere-kere shi ne cewa zai taimaka rage rage amfani da ciyawar. Koyaya, yana haɓaka amfanin gona mai tsayayya na Roundup tsawon lokaci da tsayi.
Saboda haka, zamu sadaukar da wannan labarin don gaya muku duk abin da kuke buƙatar sani game da Roundup herbicide da matsala kamar Monsanto.
Roundup da Monsanto
Bayan 'yan watannin da suka gabata, Monsanto ya ƙaddamar da wani kamfen na talla don inganta duk fa'idodi na abinci iri-iri waɗanda aka sauya tsarinsu. Dukkanin kamfanoninsa da rassa suna da rabi na takardun izinin mallakar abinci na 36. Waɗannan abinci sun fi sauƙi a girma a cikin amfanin gona, saboda sun fi jure wa kwari da cututtuka daban-daban, ban da mummunan yanayin mahalli.
Daya daga cikin abubuwan da Monsanto ya bayyana a matsayin hujja don kare abincin da aka canza shi shine cewa suna taimakawa rage amfani da magungunan kwari da ciyawar. Ta wannan hanyar, suna ƙoƙari don tabbatar da gudummawar yawancin abinci wanda aka shuka ta hanyar halitta kuma suna guje wa, ba kawai gurɓatar da muhalli ba har ma da yiwuwar soyayya ga ɗan adam. Bambanci tsakanin abin da kuke tallatawa a cikin kamfen ɗin talla da gaskiyar ita ce yawan ciyawar ciyawar da ke kan amfanin gona yana ƙaruwa. Kuma ita ce Monsanto ita ce babbar mai samar da sinadarai na aikin gona kuma tana amfani da injiniyan kwayar halitta don ƙara amfani da waɗannan magungunan kashe ciyawar.
El Roundup ya kunshi glyphosate kuma ita ce faffadan ganyayyaki da ake amfani da ita don kashe ciyawa a cikin albarkatu da inganta samarwa. Ana iya amfani da nau'o'in shekara-shekara iri-iri, biannual da perennials. Hakanan an yi amfani da shi tare da kyakkyawan sakamako game da shinge, dazuzzuka na katako, ciyawar da aka yalwata da wasu albarkatun kasuwanci. Yawancin lokaci wannan maganin kashe ciyawar ya zama ɗayan da aka fi amfani da shi a duk aikin gona da sauran yankuna.
Ta yaya Roundup ke aiki
Wannan nau'in maganin kashe ciyawar ya kunshi glyphosate kuma ana iya amfani da shi a cikin ganyayyaki, a yi masa allura da kututture da mai tushe. Hakanan za'a iya fesa shi akan kututturen itacen kuma ana amfani dashi azaman ciyawar daji. Yana kashe shuke-shuke yayin da yake tsoma baki tare da hada babban amino acid. Wadannan amino acid sune tyrosine, phenylalanine da tryptophan. Don samun damar shiga tsakani cikin hada wadannan amino acid, dole ne ya hana aikin enzyme 5-enolpyruvilshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS). Girma ya tsaya a cikin justan awanni kaɗan bayan amfani da Roundup.
Kodayake ci gaban ya tsaya, dole ne a tuna cewa aikinta yana da ɗan jinkiri kuma sakamakon yana iya ɗaukar kwanaki. Misali, ganyen kan dauki 'yan kwanaki kafin su zama rawaya. Wannan enzyme ba wai kawai tsire-tsire ne kawai ke haɗa shi ba amma har da wasu ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta. Koyaya, ba'a haɗuwa da dabbobi masu shayarwa ba, don haka tsarin aikin hana wannan enzyme baya shafar dabbobi masu shayarwa.
Kodayake yana da ban dariya, mun sani cewa glyphosate a shine ƙa'idar aiki a cikin Roundup, kuma duk da wannan, Bayer ta siye Monsanto kuma an ba shi izinin mallaka a wasu ƙasashe waken soya mai tasirin glyphosate. Duk da kasancewar kamfanin da ya fi sayar da wannan maganin kashe ciyawar, ya kasance mai kula da kirkirar tsirrai da aka canza dabi'unsu da ke jure maganin kashe ciyawar.
Wasu daga tsire-tsire cewa mafi juriya ga Roundup shine masara, auduga da canola, da sauransu. Amfani da wannan maganin kashe ciyawar sanannen abu ne mai rikicewa daga mahallin toxicological da mahallin.
Muhallin tasiri
Ya kamata a lura cewa akwai wani shingen yanayi don haɓaka Roundup azaman ciyawar ciyayi a cikin noma. Thearamar amfani da wannan ciyawar ta ciyawar a cikin noma zai lalata ciyawar mara kyau da ma amfanin gona kanta. Maganin da kamfanin mahalicci ke bayarwa shine su kasance masu juriya da wannan ciyawar. Manoma na iya amfani da Roundup mai yawa ba tare da lalata amfanin gonar su ba. Wannan ya sanya Monsanto riba biyu. Abu daya shine, kuna samun duk ribar daga siyar da maganin kashe ciyawa. A gefe guda, kuna samun ƙarin kuɗin sayar da tsire-tsire waɗanda ke da tsayayya da maganin ciyawar. A ƙarshe yana kama da farin da yake cizon jelarsa.
Dole ku san wannan tasirin muhalli na wadannan magungunan kashe ciyawar yana da girma sosai. Yawan amfani da sunadarai na wakiltar babban haɗarin muhalli da haɗarin lafiya. Kodayake wannan maganin kashe ciyawar ba shi da kyau ga mutane, dabbobin gida da dabbobi gabaɗaya, ba a san abin da ke haifar da mahalli na iya samarwa cikin dogon lokaci ba. Mun san cewa ta hanyar aiwatar da rayuwar kwayoyin halitta, ana iya adana wasu sinadarai a cikin lokaci. Wannan tsarin tattara bayanan halittu na iya haifar da manyan matsaloli a cikin jerin kayan abinci.
Bincike daban-daban na labaran kimiyya sun sami damar bayyana jerin matsalolin muhalli da na kiwon lafiya da suka danganci amfani da waɗannan ciyawar. Waɗannan labaran sun nuna cewa Gifosate na iya haifar da wasu halayen dabbobi masu shayarwa da mai guba ciki har da kamuwa har ma da kamewar numfashi. Wannan yana faruwa kuma anyi kama dashi sosai ga jama'a tunda abin da ke haifar da wannan ƙarancin ba shine babban abin Roundup ba. Oneaya ne daga cikin abubuwan haɗin da ba'a sanya su ba kuma hakan yana sa wannan maganin kashe ciyawar ya zama da sauƙi. Daga cikin waɗannan abubuwan haɗin inert akwai masaniyar mai suna POEA. Sauran kuma sune kwayoyin halitta masu alaƙa da glyphosate da isopropylamine.
Kamar yadda kake gani, akwai takaddama tsakanin kamfanonin da ke sayar da ciyawar ciyawa da waɗanda ke damuwa da tasirin muhalli. Abin sani kawai ya zama dole a ga cewa akwai maslaha ta tattalin arziƙi wacce ke sama da kariya ga mahalli da ƙauna ko yiwuwar soyayya ga mutane da tsire-tsire da dabbobin ɗabi'a.
Ina fatan cewa tare da wannan bayanin zaku iya ƙarin koyo game da Roundup da halayenta.