Nyika yebhotani inotipa dzakasiyana siyana mhando dzemiti. Kubva pamiti mikuru kusvika kumakwenzi madiki, kuburikidza nemaruva uye asiri-maruva zvirimwa. Pamhando mbiri idzi pane chaizvo huwandu hukuru hwemhando dzinozivikanwa kwazvo kushongedza nzvimbo dzemukati nekunze. Mubatanidzwa wakanaka pakati pemiti yakasvibira chete uye maruva ane mavara akasiyana anogona kushongedza nharaunda yedu zvakanyanya.
Muchinyorwa chino tichataura nezve mutsauko uripo pakati pemaruva uye asiri maruva zvirimwa, pamusoro pekuisa mienzaniso mipfumbamwe yemhando mbiri idzi. Kana iwe uchifarira chidzidzo ichi uye uchida kushongedza imba yako, ndinokurudzira kuti uenderere mberi nekuverenga.
Ndeupi mutsauko uripo pakati pemiti yemaruva uye isiri-maruva zvirimwa?
Kunze kwemusiyano uri pachena wekuti zvirimwa zvine maruva zvine maruva uye zvirimwa zvisina maruva hazviite, pane chimwe chinhu chaanosiyaniswa nacho. Musiyano mukuru pakati pemiti yemaruva uye isiri-maruva ndiyo nzira yavanobereka nayo. Nepo vekutanga vachizviita zvepabonde, vachiparadzira mbeu yavo kuburikidza nemhepo uye zvipembenene, vekupedzisira vanozviita asexually.
Asi chii chinonzi asexual kubereka? Iyo ndeimwe iyo mativi akasiyana emuti anotora chikamu. Kazhinji, zvirimwa izvi zvinokwanisa kukura patinongodyara chidimbu chehunde, bazi kana midzi yawo. Kubva pane icho chidimbu, muviri mutsva zvachose unotanga kukura, asi kungofanana nemubereki.
Ndezvipi zvirimwa zvine maruva gore rese?
Zvakajairika kudyara, kukura uye kutarisira zvirimwa mukati megore kumirira kuti chitubu chisvike kuti vaone kutumbuka kwadzo. Asi iwe waizviziva here kuti kune zvirimwa zvine maruva mukati megore rose? Hongu ndozvazviri. Izvi imhaka yekuti dzimwe mhando dzezvirimwa dzinoshora zvikuru tembiricha yakaderera, izvo zvinovatendera kuti vatumbuke mune mimwe mwaka yegore yakadai sematsutso uye kunyange chando. Sezvo isu tichaburitsa pachena mienzaniso mipfumbamwe yemaruva uye isiri-maruva zvirimwa, ngatione kuti ndeapi ane maruva mukati megore.
Mufaro
Pakati pemiti yemaruva, alegrías anomira. Ivo vane mavara akanaka uye vanojekesa chero imba, ndosaka mazita achiuya anobatsira. Vanoda mwenje wakawanda uye havatsigire mweya zvakanaka, saka zvichave zvakakodzera kuti utarise zvakanaka papi pekuzviisa kuitira kuti zvisazokanganisa. Kana zviri zvekudiridza, zvinofanirwa kuve zvine mwero, asi uchidzivirira ivhu kubva pakuoma. Tinogona kuwana alegrías mune akasiyana mavara senge tsvuku, chena kana pingi mune dzakasiyana mumvuri.
Penta
Imwe yegore-kutenderera maruva chirimwa ndiyo penta. Iyo shrub ine maruva madiki ayo anogona kuva chena, pink, lilac kana tsvuku. Aya akabatanidzwa mumasumbu akasvinuka uye akanaka, zvichiita kuti chirimwa ichi chive chinhu chakashongedza chakanakira gadheni. Iyo penta inogona kusvika pakukwirira kwemasentimita makumi matanhatu. Nezve kuchengetwa, hazvidi zvakawanda. Kazhinji zvinokwana kuidiridza katatu pasvondo uye nekuipa iyo yakanaka drainage.
Geranium
Pasina mubvunzo, Geranium ndeimwe yeanonyanya kufarirwa maruva ekushongedza mabhaconi nematanda. Izvi hazvishamise, nekuti zvinopa maruva akanaka uye ane mavara mukati megore uye zviri nyore kutarisira, sezvo zvichiramba kwazvo. Pakati pemwedzi inopisa zvikuru unofanira kuidiridza zuva nezuva uye kuwedzera fetiraiza kamwe chete pamwedzi kuti upe zvicherwa, mavhitamini uye zvinovaka muviri zvinodiwa kuti geranium ibudirire.
Verbena
Kunyangwe verbena ichinyanya kutumbuka kubva kunopera chirimo kusvika kunonoka zhizha, inogona kutumbuka mukati megore rose kana mamiriro akanaka achichengetwa. Ichi chirimwa chakanaka uye chine mavara inogara ichida zuva uye kudiridza zvine mwero zuva rega rega, hazvina basa kana iri muvhu kana muhari.
Purslane
Purslane chirimwa chinotapira icho chisingashandisi chete kushongedza imba nemaruva ayo akanaka yeyero, asi zvakare iyo inopawo akawanda ekurapa maficha. Iyo ine kurwisa kukuru uye inotumbuka gore rese sekureba sekunge tembiricha iri inonakidza. Inofanira kugamuchira zuva rakananga uye kudiridza kunokurudzirwa kaviri pasvondo.
African violet
African violet inotipawo maruva gore rese. Ino yekudyara imba inoda mwenje wakawanda kuti igone kukura uye kukura. Muzhizha zvinokurudzirwa kudiridza uyu muriwo katatu pasvondo, nepo munguva yechando inenge yakakwana kuidiridza kamwechete pasvondo mbiri. Uye zvakare, zvinokurudzirwa kuisa fetiraiza mazuva gumi nemashanu kuti itumbuke zviri nani.
elavender
Lavender haigone kushayikwa kubva pane urwu runyorwa rwezvirimwa zvinotumbuka gore rese. Ichi ndicho chimwe cheanonyanya kuzivikanwa nekuda kwekunhuhwirira kwayo uye mashandisirwo ayo muzvipenga zvakasiyana, hutsanana uye zvigadzirwa zvemumba. Kunze kwekunhuhwirira kwayo, lavender inozivikanwawo nemaruva ayo akanaka eruvara. Nezve kuchengetwa, chirimwa ichi chinoda madiridziro maviri pavhiki uye kuchekerera pamwedzi kuitira kuchengetedza kwakanaka.
Calveline
Calvelina chimwewo chirimwa chine maruva mukati megore rose, kungave muhari kana mubindu. Iyi yakakosha miriwo inosanganisa mavara akasiyana, ayo anopa hupenyu uye hunofadza kubata mumba medu. Kuti uchengetedze zvakanaka, inofanira kunge iri muzuva kwemaawa matanhatu pazuva. Zvakakoshawo kuidiridza kamwe pazuva.
Begonia
Isu tinopedzisa runyorwa urwu ne begonia, chirimwa chakanaka chine maruva mahombe ane mavara akasiyana. Kuti itumbuke zvakanaka gore rese, tinofanirwa kuiisa munzvimbo ine mwenje wakanaka uye tichiidiridza zvine mwero. Zvakare manyowa anofanirwa kuve pakati nepakati vhiki mbiri dzese. Zvikasadaro, tinogona kukuvadza chirimwa.
Ndezvipi zvirimwa zvisina maruva?
Sezvatambotaura pamusoro apa, musiyano mukuru uripo pakati pemaruva uye asiri maruva zvirimwa ndemabatiro ainoita. Izvo zvisina maruva zvinoita saizvozvo asexually. Sezvo vasina chero nhengo dzekubereka, ivo havakwanise kubereka michero kana mbeu. Chimwe chinhu chakasarudzika cherudzi urwu rwemuriwo ndechekuti ivo vanowanzo kuve neyakajeka hunyoro hue. Uye zvakare, mune maferns, zvinomera zvisina maruva zvine madzinde akasimba uye mashizha mahombe ayo anofarira kunwiwa kwezvinovaka muviri. Mukati memiti isina maruva tinogona kusiyanisa mapoka akati wandei:
Bryophytes kana mosses
Kutanga isu tine bryophytes, inozivikanwawo semamosi. Sezvo vasina tambo dzinoitisa, idzi mhando dzemiti dzisina maruva Dzinodya dzakananga pane zvakapararira zvimedu zvinowanikwa zvese pasi uye mumvura. Nekuda kwekushayikwa kwavo nemidziyo inofamba, rimwe nerimwe remasero anoumba zvirimwa izvi rinofanira kusangana nemvura nechiedza kuitira kuti photosynthesize. Nechikonzero ichi zvakajairika kusanganisa mamosesi nenzvimbo dzinonyorova zvine mwenje mushoma. Huwandu hwemhando dzebryophyte hwakanyanya kwazvo uye vanoumba makoloni pamatombo, pasi uye mumvura.
Pteridophytes kana ferns
Zvimwe zvirimwa zvisina maruva pteridophytes kana ferns. Kusiyana nemamosi, ferns ine ngarava dzinotenderera kuburikidza neiyo sage inotenderera. Uye zvakare, saizi yayo yakakura kudarika iyo bryophytes. Iko kubereka kwepteridophytes kunoitika kuburikidza nema spores uye ivo vanowanzo gara munzvimbo dzine hunyoro. Kutenda kune ayo akasiyana siyana uye kuramba, ferns ndeimwe yemhando dzakakurumbira kushongedza nzvimbo dzekunze nekunze.
Anthocerotophyta kana anthoceros
Iyo anthocerotophyta, inonziwo anthoceras, Iwo asiri-masosi zvirimwa zvisina maruva ekuzvarwa kunzvimbo dzinopisa, kunyangwe nhasi vanogona kuwanikwa chero kupi pasi. Vane muviri wakapetwa, wakaita semashizha, unonziwo thalamus. Maumbirwo emakona akareba uye cylindrical. Nzvimbo yavo inowanzo kuve yemvura, ine hunyoro uye ine mimvuri nharaunda.
Equisetos kana miswe yemabhiza
Maequette, anozivikanwa semabhiza emahara, zvakare ari asiri maruva zvirimwa. Aya ane ma rhizomes uye anogona kusvika pamamita kureba. Vane herbaceous, articulated uye branched madzinde. Nezve kubereka kwavo, vane chimiro chinonzi strobilus icho chinoumbwa nezviyero zvinochengeta mhodzi. Kana vachinge vakura, vanovhura. Horsetails inosarudza ivhu nyoro, rine hupfumi. Ndicho chikonzero ichi kuti zvakajairika kuzviwana kumahombekombe emachuru uye munzvimbo dzinokura.
Hepatic
Pamwe pamwe nemahornworts uye mosses, chiropa chirimwa chikamu cheasina-vascular asiri maruva zvinomera. Ivo vanozivikanwa nekuve epakati saizi uye kuve nemhando dzakasiyana dzinovabatsira kutora photosynthesize. Vanowanzo kukura munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana, senge matombo, makoronga, hunde, uye matavi emiti.
9 mienzaniso yemiti isina maruva
Tevere tichaona rondedzero ye iwo mapfumbamwe akajairika uye ari nyore-kuwana-asiri maruva zvirimwa zvese muzvivakwa uye maruva:
- abies pinsapo
- Adiantum capillus-veneris
- Araucaria heterophylla
- Blechnum gibbum
- Cycas revoluta
- dicksonia antarctica
- Equisetum sylvaticum
- Pinus halepensis
- sequoia sempervirens
Zvino zvaunoziva mimwe mienzaniso yemiti ine maruva uye isina maruva uye ndeapi mutsauko wavo mukuru, zvinongosara kuzvidyara nekuzvichengeta nemazvo kuitira kuti gadheni redu kana imba yedu ive yakanaka uye inofara. Zvirimwa, kunyangwe zvine maruva kana kwete, zvinogara zvichitaridzika.