Imwe yemiti mukati meCannabaceae mhuri uye Celtis genus ndiyo hackberry. Muti wakaberekerwa munzvimbo dzine mwero unogona kuwanikwa munenge makondinendi ese. Iyo inozivikanwa nezita rakajairika rehackberry, asiwo nemamwe mazita akadai saLatonero, Lodoño, Aligonero, Almecino, Lodón, Lidón uye Lironero. Iyo miti ine korona yakafara uye yakatenderedzwa inowanzosvika kusvika 25 metres pakureba. Vanowanzova nekukura nekukurumidza uye hupenyu hurefu saka vanoshandiswa semiti yekufuridzira mapindu uye mumigwagwa kana mapaki eruzhinji. Iwe unofanirwa kuziva kuti chii chekuchengetedza hackberry kuitira kuti ikure zvakanaka.
Nokudaro, munyaya ino tichakuudza zvose maitiro uye kutarisirwa kwehackberry.
Mhando huru
Vane korona yakafara yakatenderera uye vanogona kusvika kusvika mamita makumi maviri nemashanu pakureba. Mashizha ayo ane lanceolate, akasvibira kumusoro uye akajeka muchikamu chepasi. Vanoburitsa maruva madiki axillary uye vanogadzira michero inodyiwa yakaita denderedzwa.
Iyo miti inokurumidza kukura, yakagara kwenguva refu (makore 300 kusvika ku600) uye inoshandiswa semiti yemimvuri mumapindu, mumigwagwa yevanhu vose, uye mumapaki. Huni dzayo dzakanyatsokodzera kugadzira zvishandiso. Nekuda kwemidzi yayo yakadzika, makwenzi anogona kudyarwa pasi petsoka dzawo kuti ape mumvuri.
Inowanikwa kumaodzanyemba kweEurope, kuchamhembe kweAfrica neAsia Minor. Hackberry inogara muMediterranean yose, kubva pagungwa kusvika ku1.200 mamita pamusoro pegungwa. Iyo yakaparadzaniswa nenyika muhova uye padyo nekwainobva uye nedziva (haina kumbobvira yaita sango). Pakati pevarimi veCatalan, itsika yekuti vagari venhaka vanodyara hackberry pakuzvarwa.
Hackberry ndeyemhuri yeUlmus. Muti unodonha une kureba kwemamita makumi maviri kusvika makumi maviri nemashanu, hunde yacho yakamira uye yakatenderera, uye bark igrey, yakafanana nebeech, isina mavanga akajeka. Mukombe we spherical unogona kukura kusvika pakukura kukuru. Iine mashizha ane deciduous, ovoid kana lanceolate, ane mazino kumapendero, marefu akakombama magumo, uye asymmetric base.
Michero inonzi hackberry kana hackberry ine pulp inotapira uye inonaka inonaka, inoshandiswa mumishonga inozivikanwa uye yakakosha kumhuka uye yakanakira vana kuona nekutamba. Huni idzi ndedzemhando yepamusoro uye dzine huwandu hwakasiyana hwekushandisa, kunyanya muCatalonia, uko inoshandiswa kugadzira maforogo. Inogara mumipata, materu uye nzvimbo dzemahombekombe enzizi nehova, inozivikanwa semhando yesango rakasanganiswa reMedithera, nzira nemiti elm, asi. nguva dzose mumamiriro ekunze ane mwero.
Hackberry inoshandisa
Hazvina kujairika kuti iumbe musango, zvisinei kuti ivhu rakaita sei, rinonyanya kuoneka kupfuura chero chinhu chiri muvhu idzva rakasununguka. Muti inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumagadheni ega uye eruzhinji, uye zvakare muti wekuronga wemigwagwa nemigwagwa. Inopa mumvuri wakanaka, wakaoma. Muchirimo, zhizha uye kutanga kwekudonha, mashizha ayo akasvibira akasvibira anoshongedza zvakanyanya.
Kunyange muchando chisina mashizha, inoyevedza zvikuru. Mashizha anodonha anoratidza kunaka kwehackberry, iyo yakatsetseka grey hunde uye matavi madiki asingaperi anoumba kanopi yakafara anoita kuti uve muti wakagadzirwa zvakanaka.
Kudyara
Diridza miti midiki uye ichangosimwa kazhinji, uye kana yangosimwa muvhu, kudiridza kunogona kuchengetedza chinhambwe. Vakuru vehackberry zvinomera zvinogona kugara kwenguva refu pasina kunwisa nguva dzose nokuti vane midzi yakadzika, vachivabvumira kusvika pakunyorova muvhu. Hackberry inobereka kuburikidza nembeu uye spikes, uye kugona kwayo kuumba paivhu rine matombo kunoita kuti ibatsire zvikuru pakuvandudza nekuchengetedza ivhu rakasakara. Matanho ekudyara hackberry ndeaya anotevera:
- Sarudza mbeu kana nzeve dzehackberry uye paradzanisa zvirimwa kubva kune mumwe.
- Isa chirimwa panzvimbo ine zuva.
- Shandisai ivhu reraimu rinonyorovesa zvakanaka.
- Diridza kamwe kana kaviri pasvondo kuti ugare uri munyoro.
- Chenjerera nematavi kuitira kuti urege kuapinza uye kudzivisa kukura kwemiti.
Hackberry kutarisira
Hackberry inoda kutonhorera, nzvimbo dzakanyorova zvishoma, asi inogona kumira kusanaya kwemvura zvakanaka. Unogona kurarama anopfuura makore zana. Yakanyatsokodzera kuumbwa kweboka. Zviri pachena kuti ndiyo yakanyatsokodzera svikiro miti yemumvuri wemudhorobha inononoka kukura nekuti inoshingirira kusvibiswa, isina utachiona nezvirwere.
Uyewo, kugara kwayo kwave kucherechedzwawo. Hackberry inogona kukura munzvimbo dzine zuva uye mumhando dzakawanda dzevhu, kubva pakaoma, ivhu revhu kusvika kune ivhu risina kuorera. Muti uyu unokura zvakanaka muvhu rakanyoroveswa, rakanyorova.
Zvirimwa zvinokura muvhu re alkaline zvinokanganiswa nekukura kwavo uye zvinowanzova zvipfupi uye zvishoma. Mhando iyi yemuti, senge hackberry, yakanakira nzvimbo dzemudhorobha dzinonetsekana nekuti dzinobata zvakanaka munzvimbo ino, saka dzinogona kukura zvakajairika.
Inogona kuparadzirwa nyore nyore nembeu; Matambudziko ayo marudzi aya emiti anowanzo kuve nawo panguva yekukura ane chekuita nekugona kwematavi awo kubatwa mukati mekukura kwemuti. Hackberry inogonawo kuparadzirwa nekucheka mukuwa uye kudzika midzi mukati substrate yepamusoro-soro ine jecha rakakasharara kukurudzira mvura. Isa ma cuttings munzvimbo inotonhorera uye chengetedza ivhu rakanyorova kusvikira rava midzi.
Inotumbuka pakati paApril naJune muchirimo, zvichienderana nekupisa, maruva ayo maduku uye ari oga, zvishoma zvinooneka, dzimwe nguva ari hermaphroditic, anoonekwa mu axils emashizha emashizha maduku, anopfuura nepakati petioles refu.
Kugadziriswa
Nekuda kwerudzi rwemuti weiyo hackberry genus, haidi kuchekererwa, chete kana ichinyatsodikanwa uye haigone kutakura kuchekerera kwematavi akakora zvakanaka. Kana zvichidikanwa, zviri nani kutema matavi paanenge achiri akanaka uye wobva wabata kucheka kana maronda pamiti nemishonga inorwisa fungal.
Hackberry inogona kutapukirwa nezvirwere zvakawanda nekuti iri pasi pekumanikidzwa kubva kunharaunda, mamiriro ekunze kana ivhu. Kana ikakura munzvimbo ine hutano, asi zvakare inosangana nekusanaya kwemvura, kutonhora kana kupisa kwakanyanya, inova nzvimbo yakanaka yekuti zvipembenene zviwande. Zvipembenene zvinorwisa hackberry zvinosanganisira moto blight uye ngura.
Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu iwe unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezvekutarisira hackberry uye maitiro ayo.