El mafuta emuchindwe Icho chigadzirwa chine akawanda maapplication uye ayo mamirioni emalita anodyiwa gore rega rega pasirese. Nekudaro, ichi chikafu chine gakava nekuda kwezvinorehwa nekushungurudzwa kwacho kune hutano, uye izvo zvinorehwa nekurima kwayo maererano nekusiyana kwezvipenyu.
Pamwe wakambonzwa nezvayo, asi unoziva here kwainobva uye kuti inowanikwa sei? Ramba uchiverenga kuti ugadzirise iyi nemimwe mibvunzo yaungave nayo pamusoro pemafuta aya.
Chii chinonzi mafuta emuchindwe uye chinoshandiswa chii?
Aya mafuta emuriwo anowanikwa kubva kumuchero wemuchindwe weAfrica (Elaeis guineensis). Mumakore achangopfuura, nzvimbo yakatsaurirwa kurimwa kwayo yakawedzera, nekuti chigadzirwa chine zvakawanda zvekushandisa mukati nekunze kweindasitiri yechikafu.
Indasitiri yezvokudya
Iyi ndeimwe yemafuta emiriwo anonyanya kushandiswa mukugadzirwa kwemarudzi ese ezvigadzirwa zvakagadziridzwa: kubheka, masiwiti, madhiri uye kunyange saradhi mapfekero. Nekuti ine mavara akareruka, inoramba yakatsiga pakupisa kwakanyanya, uye kunaka kwayo hakuna kwayakarerekera.
cosmetic industry
Mafuta ePalm anowanzoshandiswa muindasitiri yezvizorwa. Inoshandiswa mukugadzira sipo, shampoos, moisturizing creams, uye marudzi ose ezvigadzirwa zvekuchenesa chiso nemuviri. Nokuti ine yakanaka emollient properties uye inokurumidza kubatwa neganda.
Kuchenesa zvigadzirwa indasitiri
Iyi mafuta yemiriwo zvakare chikamu chekuumbwa kwe detergents uye zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvekuchenesa nekuchengeta kumba. Nokuti ine a Kugona kupupa furo kwakanaka uye kunokwanisa kubvisa tsvina nemazvo.
biofuel industry
Sezviyo nezvimwe zvekudya, mafuta emichindwe chinhu chakabikwa chekugadzirwa kwebiofuels. Nekuti inobvumidza iwe kuwana yakakwira simba kuita nemutengo wakaderera wekugadzira.
Chii chinonzi muchindwe weAfrica unobva mafuta aya?
Mhuka iyi inowanikwa kuWest Africa, asi iri kuve monoculture inokanganisa kusiyana-siyana, nokuti iri kutoshandiswa munzvimbo dzakawanda dzine mamiriro ekunze anopisa. Muchokwadi, iyi inyaya yekukakavadzana, nekuti Vari kutema masango nemarudzi ekwaanogara kudyara muchindwe uyu uye kuwana mafuta ayo anozivikanwa kubva mauri.
Muchindwe weAfrica muti muhombe, unogona kusvika kusvika mamita makumi maviri pakureba. Hunde yaro yakatwasuka uye yakashongedzwa nekorona yakakora ine mashizha akaita se fan. Zvibereko zvayo masumbu emichindwe; Dzinokura panhongonya uye dzakaumbwa nenyama ine pulp uye mhodzi.
Uyu muti wakaoma zvikuru, unogara wakasvibira, unokura zvakanaka munzvimbo dzinodziya, dzine mwando, uko Inowana ivhu rakaorera rine mvura yakanaka.
Muchindwe weAfrica muti une kugadzirwa kwepamusoro, unokwanisa kubereka michero gore rose. Izvi zvinoita kuti ive nemari yakawanda, uye inotsanangura chikonzero nei kurimwa kwayo kwapararira kumatunhu akasiyana eAfrica, Asia neLatin America.
Mafuta emuchindwe anowanikwa sei?
Kutanga, masumbu emichero akaibva anokohwewa. Izvi zvinogona kuitwa nemaoko kana nemichina yakasarudzika, zvichienderana nekuti tekinoroji iri kufambira mberi sei.
Zvibereko zvinotakurwa kune imwe nzvimbo yekugadzira, apo pulp inoparadzaniswa kubva kumbeu. Zvose zvikamu zvinopwanyika uye zvinomanikidzwa, kuitira kuti zvisunungure mafuta avo. Mafuta emuchindwe anowanikwa kubva muhuputi, uye mafuta emuchindwe anowanikwa kubva kumbeu.
Mafuta maviri aya anopinda nenzira yekunatsa uye anobva agadziriswa kubvisa zvese zvinosvibisa. Saka kuti chigadzirwa chekupedzisira chive nemhando yepamusoro inogoneka.
Mafuta emichindwe uye njodzi dzaanounza kune hutano
Pasinei nekuzivikanwa kwayo uye kuvepo kwayo muzvigadzirwa zvekudya, mafuta emuchindwe akashoropodzwa zvakanyanya, nekuti anoonekwa seanokuvadza hutano:
- High content yemafuta akazara. Izvo zvirimo zvakakwirira kudarika zvemamwe mafuta emiriwo akadai sekokonati kana mafuta omuorivhi. Uye zvinozivikanwa kuti kunyanya kudyiwa kwemafuta aya kunogona kutungamirira kune yakawandisa LDL cholesterol (yakaipa cholesterol), iyo inogona kuva nemigumisiro pahutano hwemwoyo yevanhu.
- Yakakwira yemukati ye trans fatty acids. Kugadziriswa kwemafuta emichindwe kunoguma nekuumbwa kwezvikamu zviduku zve trans fatty acids, iyo inonzi inonzi mafuta asina kunaka.
- Kugadzirisa uye kunatsiridza. Oiri inoiswa pasi pekupisa kwakanyanya uye kuratidzwa kune akasiyana makemikari kuti ave chigadzirwa icho indasitiri inoda kuti ive. Izvi zvinogona kuita kuti ive nemarara kana makomisheni anogona kuve nemhedzisiro yakaipa pahutano.
Kukanganisa kwezvakatipoteredza kwekushandiswa kwemichindwe yeAfrica
Kunyanya kushandiswa kwemichindwe yeAfrica kuwana mafuta emuchindwe zvakava mubvunzo nenyanzvi.
Kutemwa kwemasango uye kurasikirwa nepekugara
Kukura kukuru kwerudzi urwu kunoreva kuti kushandurwa kwenzvimbo dzakakura dzesango rinopisa uye peatlands kuita minda yekurima. Izvi zvinokanganisa zvakakomba nzvimbo yemhuka nezvinomera zvinogona kupedzisira zvanyangarika.
Greenhouse gasi kubuda
Kutemwa kwemasango kwakabatana nekurima michindwe yeAfrica kunoburitsa huwandu hukuru hwekabhoni hwakachengetwa mumasango uye peatlands mumhepo. Phenomenon inowedzera mhedzisiro yegreenhouse effect uye inomhanyisa shanduko yemamiriro ekunze.
Kuparadzwa kwe peatlands
Peatlands inzvimbo yakasarudzika yemhuka dzesango dzakatora zviuru zvemakore kuti dziumbe. Kuzvibvisa kunoreva kuburitswa kwakasimba kwekabhoni kumhepo uye inogona kuve nekukanganisa kukuru pahydrology uye zvipenyu zvemuno.
Kushandiswa kwakanyanya kweagrochemicals
Kurimwa kwakanyanya kwemichindwe yemafuta kazhinji kunosanganisira kushandiswa kwefetereza nemishonga inouraya zvipembenene zvinosvibisa ivhu, mweya nemvura; kukanganisa zvose zvakatipoteredza uye utano hwevanhu.
Kunyangwe mafuta emichindwe isiri chigadzirwa chakashata pachayo, kushungurudzwa kunoitika mukushandisa kwayo uye mukurima muchindwe kuti uiwaneHungu, inogona kuva nemigumisiro inokosha kwatiri uye nemhoteredzo.