Kunyangwe zvaunogona kufunga, chimwe chezvinhu zvipenyu zvakakura kwazvo pasi rese howa. Nhasi tichataura nezve iyo gallic armillaria. Imhando yefungus inoyera mahekita makumi manomwe, ichive chimwe chezvinhu zvipenyu zvakakura kwazvo pasi pano. Iyo specimen iripo muMichigan inorema mazana mana emazana makirogiramu uye ine makore mazana maviri nemazana mashanu ekuberekwa.
Muchikamu chino tichaenda kukuudza zvese hunhu, pekugara uye kuziva kweiyo Gallic armillary.
Mhando huru
Mufananidzo - Flickr / Patrick Schifferli
Hat uye mapepa
Ino howa ine ngowani inoenda ichibva saizi kubva pamasendimita mashanu kusvika kumasere pahupamhi. Kana iyo specimen iri diki ine globose uye yakati wandei kutaridzika. Sezvo inokura uye ichisvika pakukura, ngowani inorongwa. Ichi chiratidzo chezera refungus. Iyo ngowani ine muganhu wakanaka uye yakakombama pairi mudiki. Kana chava munhu mukuru tinogona kuona kumahombekombe kwakapeteredzwa uye kwakakombama.
Yayo cuticle yakaoma pakuonekwa uye matte muvara. Iyo yakafukidzwa nechinguva chidiki, chakatsvuka-mavara masikero. Iyi cuticle inowedzera pakati peheti uye ine ocher-brown muvara. Iyo zvakare inoshandura iyo yepakati iyo yakasviba ruvara.
Mavara ayo akawandisa uye akasimba pakati pawo. Chii chinozivikanwa ndechekuti ivo vakaenzana saizi. Ruvara rwayo runotangira kuchena kusvika kukirimu uye ine mavara kana yasvika padanho rayo revakuru.
Pie nenyama
Kana iri rutsoka, rwakasimba uye rwakaita sedenderedzwa muchimiro. Iine girobhu pazasi uye mumvuri wepepuru uye mutsvuku. Aya mavara anowedzera kusviba patinosvika pachigadziko. Iyo ine greenish yero maruva pane iyo girobhu. Iyo ndeimwe yefungi iyo ine mhete mune yepamusoro chikamu chetsoka uye iyo ine yekotoni dhizaini. Iyi mhete ine ruvara rwakachenuruka kunyangwe kunze ichiratidzika seyero. Kana yasvika pakukura, inotanga kudzikira uye kukeke.
Pekupedzisira, nyama yayo ine yakaoma kuumbwa uye nechena jena.
Nzvimbo yeiyo gallic armillaria
Mwaka wekukura weiyi fungus uri mumatsutso. Tinogona kuiwana ichiumba mapoka madiki ari kushatisa huni dzemiti iya inodonha. Nguva zhinji dzinowanikwa dziri pasi asi dzimwe nguva tinozviwana mumadzinde nemadzinde emiti yemiti iyi. Aya howa ndewepasi uye anofambidzana nemidzi yezvirimwa pazasi pechiso.
Iyo nzvimbo yekuparadzira ye gallic armillaria inowedzera kubva kuNorth America, Europe neAsia. Izvo zvave zvakare zvichikwanisika kuwana mushambadzi wekumadokero wedunhu reSouth Africa. Inofungidzirwa kuunzwa munzvimbo ino kubva kune zvimwe zvirimwa zvine poto zvakaunzwa kubva kuEurope panguva yekutanga koloni yeKapa. Iyi howa haiwanikwi munyika dzeScandinavia sezvo ichibva kunzvimbo dzinotonhora zvakanyanya senge Finland kana Norway.
Chimwe chekuda kuziva kwehowa uyu ndechekuti inodyiwa chete kana uchiri mudiki. Izvo zvinodiwa kuti ubike ivo kutanga nemvura uye kurasa yakanzi mvura iyo iyo yawakagadzirwa nayo kuti udzivise kuvava kwekunaka kwayo. Hazvikurudzirwi kudya mbishi sezvo zvichikonzera kumwe kugaya kwekudya. Kubika kwakazara kunokurudzirwa sezvo kuravira kunorwadza kune simba kana iri mbishi kana isina kubikwa. Izvo zvinokurudzirwawo kushandisa chete chikamu chidiki pakutanga nekuti vamwe vanhu vanogona kusangana nedumbu rinogumbuka. Nenzira iyi, isu tiri kuyedza kuti yakawanda sei iyi howa yatinogona kufungidzira pasina chero zvakashata mhedzisiro.
Kazhinji, vese avo vakaravira iyi mienzaniso vanoirondedzera sechinhu chidiki chinorwadza uye hwema hunotapira sekunge hwaiyeuchidza nezveCamembert chizi.
Kukanganiswa kukuru kweiyo gallic armillaria
Uye ndeyekuti uyu howa unogona zvakare kuvhiringidzwa nemamwe marudzi akafanana. Imwe yacho ndeye Armillaria calvescens. Iine chitarisiko chakafanana uye inogona kungosarudzika nekuvimbika nekutarisa zvimwe zvidiki microscopic. Inogona kuzivikanwa kuti iyo Armillaria calvescens ine kugovera kwekuchamhembe zvakanyanya. Iyo isingawanzo kuwanikwa muNorth America.
Imwe yekuvhiringidzika kweiyo gallic armillaria ndiyo armillaria mellea. Musiyano mukuru ndewekuti ichi chienzanidzo chine dzinde rakatumwa uye chinogona kusiyaniswa nenzira yakajeka nekusavapo kwepincers pazasi pebasidia. Zvichida kuvhiringidzika kukuru sezvo vaine chimiro chakafanana ndiyo Armillaria cepistipes. Misiyano mikuru inokonzerwa nekuparadzirwa kwenzvimbo uye zvimiro zvidiki. Naizvozvo, iyo gallic armillaria Haisi iyo specimen inofanirwa kutorwa nevateereri. Ruzivo rwakawanda runodikanwa maererano neaya mafungi kuitira kuti isapinda mune chero nyonganiso inogona kutiita kuti tiunganidze zvienzaniso zvine chepfu.
Curiosities
Mukupera kwema1980, chienzaniso chikuru cheiyi fungus chakawanikwa pasi pevhu musango reMichigan. Iyo izere nzvimbo chiyero cheiyi muviri uye yayo mutational dynamics yakanga isingazivikanwe zvachose panguva iyoyo. Gare gare akadzidza iyi hombe yepasi pevhu uye vakafungidzira kuti hukuru hukuru hwemafibhi anoumba fungus hwaive makore angangoita chiuru nemazana mashanu. Kwete ichi chete chaive chinhu chakakosha, asi chakazouyawo kune inorema anenge zviuru zana nemazana mashanu uye inopararira pamusoro penzvimbo ye100.000 mahekita.
Mushure meongororo nyowani nekudzika kwechinhu ichi zvinozivikanwa kuti inorema kutenderera mazana mana ezviuru uye ane makore anodarika zviuru zviviri nemazana mashanu. Kuwedzeredzwa kwakawedzera mukati memakore aya uye vanotora anopfuura mahekita makumi manomwe. Izvo zvidzidzo zvave kuitwa nemamwe maturusi azvino uye sampling uye kuongororwa kweiyo genome. Izvi zvinogadzira iyo gallic armillaria inoonekwa seimwe yezvisikwa zvipenyu zvakakura uye zvekare pasi pano. Uye ndeyekuti inoumba network pevhu mycorrhiza iyo inorema kupfuura matatu bhuruu bhuruu pamwechete. Aya mycorrhizae ishamwari pakati pefungi nemidzi yemiti.
Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezve iyo Gallic armillary.