Inozivikanwa semuti wemumvuri nekuda kwechimiro chayo chine mashizha uye chinogara chakasvibira. Inonzi holm oak, asi zita rayo resainzi inonzi Quercus ilex. Iyo ndeyemhuri yeFagáceas uye inozivikanwawo se chapala kana chaparro. Iyo inogara yakasvibira, yepakati-kati kana shrubby muti wakaberekerwa mudunhu reMedithera unochinja kune hunhu hwekunaya kwemvura kana nzvimbo yainokura. The holm oak curiosities Iwo anoyevedza uye akakodzera kuziva.
Nokudaro, munyaya ino tichakuudza pamusoro pezvinonyanya kukosha zveholm oak, maitiro ayo uye nezvimwe zvakawanda.
Mhando huru
Rakafara uye rakatenderera. Inosvika pakakwirira 16 kusvika 25 metres uye inogona kurarama kwemakore akawanda. Hunde yaro yakafara uye yakaoma, uye makwati anotsemuka, achiita makwapa maduku maduku. Mashizha ayo anogara makore matatu kusvika mana. Iwo madiki uye akasimba, ane vertex yakaita semipendero. Idzo dzakasvibirira kumusoro uye grey pazasi.
Maruva asingaonekwi ane pendulous, akaunganidzwa mune spikes, pakutanga yero, ipapo orenji, uye pakupedzisira brown. Kunyange zvazvo vakagoverwa mukati megirazi, vanosarudza chikamu chepasi.
Habitat uye muchero Holm muouki
Holm oak imhando yemiti yeMedithera, Iberian Peninsula, Spain neFrance. Inoumba masango akasvibira munzvimbo dzemahombekombe. Imhando inoshingirira kusanaya kwemvura, asi inoshingirira.
Chibereko cheholm oak ndiyo acorn yakakurumbira, ine ruvara rwegirini, inoshanduka kusviba kana yaibva, uye inoita goko kana jasi rakagadzirwa nemashizha akakora akanyatsobatanidzwa 1/3 yehukuru hwayo.
Maacorns anoibva kubva muna Gumiguru kusvika Mbudzi, dzimwe nguva muna Zvita. Inotanga kuburitsa pamakore gumi nemashanu kana makumi maviri. Mamwe maacorn aishandiswa sechikafu chevanhu uye sechikafu chemombe nenguruve. Nguva yekutumbuka kwayo inobva muna Kubvumbi kusvika muna Chivabvu, uye michero yayo inotambanuka pakati paGumiguru naMbudzi.
kubereka uye zvirwere
Iyo holm oak inopararira zvakanaka nembeu, yakadyarwa nemaacorns, uye zvakare inobereka nemidzi nemizambiringa. Inokodzera marudzi ose evhu. Mamiriyoni emuoki anoberekwa uye anofa gore negore. Chikonzero chikuru ndeye desiccation, inoratidzirwa ne kutsvuka kwemashizha akadonha, kufa kwematavi, kurasikirwa kwematavi kana kuyamwa, kuora kwemidzi uye kufa kwechirimwa.
Mamwe marudzi efungal anobatanidzwawo mukuita uku, semuenzaniso: midzi inoora diploids, Hypoxylum mediterraneum uye Phytophthora cinnamon. Holm oak inorwiswawo neshavi remhuka rinodya Tortrix viridana, iyo inoparadza nhungirwa yemiti uye inowanikwa muIberian Peninsula. Zvakadai, zvipembenene zviri kukuvadza miti yemuouki nekuparadza zvirimwa nemakonye anoberekera muhunde nekuti chikafu chazvo ihuni.
Use
- Zvokudya: chibereko cheholm oak chinoshandiswa sechikafu chemombe. Semuenzaniso, muSpain, nguruve dzinodya maacorns, saka makumbo akanaka anogadzirwa. Vanhu vanochidya nokuchigocha sezvinoita mimwe michero yakaomeswa. Vanokuyawo, uye upfu hwayo hunoshandiswa kugadzira chingwa.
- Wood: matanda emuouki anozivikanwa zvikuru. Kunyange zvazvo huni yakaoma kushanda nekuda kwekuoma kwayo, hunhu humwechete uhwu hunoita kuti hubatsire kana uchishanda nezvinhu zvinopokana zvakanyanya (semuenzaniso mabhara, magejo, parquet, zvibatiso zvemidziyo), zvakare mune madiki hydraulic zvimiro uye sembiru kana matanda, sezvo isingawore nyore.
- Mafuta: Kusvikira pakutanga kwezana remakore rechiXNUMX, imwe yehuni huru dzomumba munzvimbo dzakawanda dzeEurope yaiva huni nemarasha. Ihuni dzakanakisisa dzokupisa nokuita marasha nokuti dzinobatidza moto mukuru uye dzinopisa zvikuru.
- Zvimwe zvinoshandiswa: Makwati emuouki ane chimwe chinhu chinonzi tannin, icho chinoshandiswa kushandura matehwe mambishi kuva dehwe, ndokusaka vasuki vematehwe vachikoshesa kutsvuka. Zvakare, tannic acid, mashizha nemaacorns zvakapwanywa kugadzira potion, iyo yaishandiswa seyakaomeswa uye yaishandiswa zvakanyanya kuuraya maronda.
holm oak curiosities
Kare, maguta akawanda airemekedza muoki somuti unoyera. Inomiririra simba, kusimba uye kukwegura. Munhau zvinonzi mace aHercules akaitwa nemuouki, semuchinjikwa wakafira Kristu. Abrahama akagamuchira chizaruro kubva kuna Mwari pedyo nemuoki. Saizvozvowo, muti uyu wakatsaurirwa kunamata mungano dzechiCeltic. Ikoko, vaprista vane zivo youporofita nokuporesa kwaipinza simba guru vakasangana.
Inoratidzikawo zvakanyanya mumutauro wakakurumbira, muenzaniso waro chirahwe chinonongedza icho, chinoti: "Ndakazvarwa ndiri mukadzi, ndiri murume ndichiri mudiki, uye nerombo rangu, ndakava mukadzi zvakare."
Zvido zvemuoki zvakawanda. Inogara zvakanyanya muMedithera mamiriro ekunze, inobereka acorns anozivikanwa anotapira, uye ndeyemhuri yeFagaceae.
Izvi ndizvo zvinonyanya kufarirwa zveholm oak:
- Makwati aro ane tannins akapfuma uye achiri kushandiswa nanhasi kunwisa matehwe.
- Huni dzayo, dzakaoma zvikuru, dzinogara dzichishandiswa kugadzira midziyo yekurima.
- Iyo huni imwechete, nekuda kwekukosha kwayo kwekoriori, imafuta akanaka kwazvo uye inokosheswa zvakanyanya mukugadzirwa kwemarasha.
- Huni dzayo dzinoshandiswawo kuputa soseji, kugadzira mavhiri engoro kana kuvaka masitepisi.
- Semushonga, nekuda kweiyo astringency yakasimba yebark, inogona kushandiswa kurapa hemorrhoids, manyoka asingaperi, dysentery, nezvimwe.
- Mbeu dzayo dzinodyiwa sechikafu, asi dzinofanirwa kubikwa kakawanda nekuda kwehuwandu hwadzo hwetannin, dzakanyanya kuomarara. saka inokurudzirwa kusadya zvakanyanya.
- Mhodzi idzi dzakaomeswa nedzakakuyiwa dzinoshandiswa kugadzira hupfu uye kusanganiswa nedzimwe tsanga kugadzira chingwa.
- Toast yaishandiswa sekofi.
- Kunyanya kushandiswa kwemaacorn kudyisa zvipfuyo, kunyanya nguruve.
- Maruva ayo ane unisexual (mamwe murume uye mamwe madzimai). Varume vanoonekwa mune yero, dense, pendulous catkins. Maruva echikadzi ari ega kana ari maviri maviri pa pubescent pedicels.
- Holm oak vanotanga kuburitsa acorns akawanda pa8 kana 10 makore ... Vanogona kugadzira kusvika ku100.
- Mumamiriro okunze ane mwero vanobereka zvirimwa zvenguva dzose zvakawanda nokufamba kwenguva, nepo mumasango ane uswa hurefu vanowanzobudisa michero mikuru yegore negore makore maviri kana matatu oga oga.
- Zvibereko (acorns) zveholm oak zvakakosha kune mhuka dzesango uye nguruve pamafuro.
- Kuwedzerwa kukuru kweholm oak kwakaenzana nenharaunda yeSpanish, nemahekita anopfuura 3.400.000.
- Pamusoro pezvo, idzi holm oak groves dzakaratidza kuve inzvimbo yakanaka kwazvo yezvipfuyo zveMedithera, izvo zvinoita kuti ive nzvimbo dzakanaka dzekuvhima, dzinogara dzichidzorwa kana kuchengetedzwa nemutemo.
Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezve curiosities of holm oak.