Kana isu tichiongorora mikuru mienzaniso yemiti munyika tinoreva kune redwoods. Iyi mihombe, yekare miti inogara mumasango akaomarara uye ane hunhu hwakasiyana. Nekudaro, kune hupenyu hunozivikanwa huri hukuru uye hwakareba-hwakareba kupfuura uyu muti wehukuru hwakaenzana. Ndezve iyo huchi howa. Zita rayo resainzi ndi Armillaria ostoyae. Iyo fungus inopararira iyo inoyerera pasi pemiti uye inogona kutora zvinovaka muviri kuburikidza nemhando yeiyo uye inonzi rhizomorphs.
Muchikamu chino tichaenda kukuudza zvese hunhu, kuda kuziva uye zvakavanzika zvehowa howa.
Maitiro avakaona huchi howa
Tiri kutaura nezve a howa hwave hupenyu hukuru pasi rose. Iyo mycelium, inova chikamu chepasi pevhu icho chinoita kuti itore mishonga kuburikidza nedzimwe mhando dze uye izvo zvinonzi rhizomorphs, inopinda mumudzi wemuti uye inovhara midziyo yayo. Ukaramba wakareba zvakakwana uchidhonza midzi yemuti, unofa. Nekuda kwekuvapo kwehowa howa kune hwakawanda hwakawanda hwenzvimbo dzatingawana nhamba yakakura yemiti yakafa.
Uye ndeyekuti huchi howa hunongova humwe chete hwemazana zana ezviuru zvefungus zvatinoziva chete kuti ine hunhu hwakasarudzika. Tsvagiridzo yakatanga mumasango eOregon mukupera kwema100.000. Huwandu hukuru hwevasayendisiti vekuAmerica vakaona kuvepo kweiyo Armillaria ostoyae uye vakatanga kuongorora chiitiko ichi. Mhedziso yedzidzo idzi yaive yekuti iyi fungus ndiyo yakakonzera kuparadzwa kwemahekita nemahekita emiti yakafa.
Kutsvaga kutsvaga
Mubvunzo masayendisiti aive achizvibvunza ndewekuti mangani zvienzaniso zvehuchi howa zvaidikanwa kukonzera njodzi yese iyi. Vatsvakurudzi vese pavakaunganidza masampula asingaverengeki ezvimedu zvemycelium zvaive nebasa rekuvhara midzi yemiti nekukonzera kufa kwavo, vakazoona zvinotevera. Pavakasvika pamhedziso vakatadza kutenda zvavaiona. Uye ndezvekuti vakasimbisa kuti vanga vasiri akasiyana ezvisikwa zverudzi rumwe chete sekufungidzirwa kwazvino mumhando iyi yedambudziko. Uye ndezvekuti zvidimbu zvese zvemycelium iyo yavakaunganidza yaive macones, ndiko kuti, akafanana zvakafanana.
Zvese izvi zvinoreva kuti mumasampuli akaunganidzwa kubva mune zvakavanzika mumiti yakasiyana yakafa vaive chikamu chehowa imwe chete, aive ehukuru hwakakura. Iyo mycelium yakanga yapararira pamusoro pe890 mahekita.
Chakaipisisa pane zvese ndechekuti kushamisika uku hakuna kumira ipapo. Iwo masayendisiti aive neyakaenzana kuti mycelium inokura zvakadii pagore. Kuti vayedze zera rayo vakaedza kuverenga kuwedzerwa kwayo kwese. Icho chienzaniso chine makore mazana maviri nemazana maviri ekuberekwa. Nechikonzero ichi, huchi hwehuchi hunofungidzirwa sehukuru uye pamwe hurefu kupfuura hwose huri munyika. Chakavanzika chekupona kwerudzi urwu chiri muRhizomorphs. Izvo zvinopesana zvekuti vanogona kumira kunyange moto.
Hunhu hwehuchi howa
Uyu howa hune ngowani inosvika kusvika pamasendimita gumi muhupamhi. Iyo ine globose uye yakati fananei chimiro. Yayo cuticle ine shava muvara uye yakafukidzwa nerima, rakakora zviyero. Izvi zviyero zvinonyanya kuoneka pakati peheti. Iyo ine subdecurrent mashizha uye ine brownish-chena ruvara. Vanoshatiswa zviri nyore sezvavanobatwa.
Kana iri tsoka, yakasviba uye ine yakajeka bhuru bhuru ine masikero erima. Nyama yeiyi specimen yakachena uye ine tambo inotapira pakutanga uye inovava gare gare. Kunyangwe iri mhando hombe pasi rose, hazvirevi kuti ine saizi inoshamisa. Kana zvisiri, inotiza kubva pakupararira nemidzi yemiti pamusoro pemazana emahekita.
Tinogona kuvhiringidza iyo Armillaria ostoyae with the armillaria mellea. Uye izvi ndezvekuti uyu muenzaniso unosiyana nekuti hauna zviyero zvine mavara akasviba, kana ngowani kana tsoka. Kana iri yekugara yehuchi howa, tinogona kuiwana munzvimbo dzerunako. Dzinoiswa pamatanda uye hunde yemiti inodonha. Kuwanda kukuru uye kuwanda kweiyi howa kunowanikwa yakakomberedzwa nemiti yemiti.
Mwaka wekukohwa weiyi howa uri mukudonha. Kuti tiibike, isu tinongofanirwa kurasa payi uye kubvisa mvura yekubika. Unogona kudya chikafu chakawanda sekudyiwa kushoma, uye zvinogona kukonzera mamwe ma syndromes ane chepfu kana asina kugadzirirwa mushe. Kune avo vari vatsva uye vanondinzwisisa zvakanyanya nezve rudzi urwu rwehwahwa, muunganidzwa wavo wakanyadziswa zvachose. Izvo zvinongokurudzirwa chete kune yakasarudzika yekubika kushandiswa mune yemukati madhishi kana stew. Kudya woga hakuna kukurudzirwa.
Zvakavanzika zve Armillaria ostoyae
Kunze kwekuda kuziva tinogona kutaura kuti ichi ndicho chipenyu chikuru pasi rose. Zvisinei, kukura kwayo kunongova pasi pevhu. Munzvimbo idzi dzepasi pevhu inokwanisa kuwedzera kusvika kunharaunda yemakiromita gumi emakiromita. Zvisinei nehukuru uhwu, chikamu chidiki chete chekukura kwehowa ichi ndicho chinogona kuonekwa pamusoro penyika. Saizvozvowo, ichi chete chikamu chinoonekwa pamusoro pevhu ndicho chinogona kudyiwa.
Iyi howa hukuru hukuru inokwanisa kuyera zvakada kufanana nehove whale. Iyo saprophytic fungus inopukunyuka nekunwisa zvinovaka muviri kubva muvhu uye nemhando yakanaka yemiti yakadai semarara emashizha kana huni dzakaora. Naizvozvo, isu tinowanzovawana munzvimbo dziri pedyo ne stump, hunde dzemiti dzekare nenzvimbo dzine huwandu hwakakura hwemashizha. Zvese izvi zvine hunyoro uye zvinoora zvinhu zvakasikwa zvinoshanda sechikafu cherudzi urwu rwehowa. Kuti izvidyise pachayo, yepasi pevhu system inoshandisa kutsvoda kwebrown kwakafanana nehahaha iyo iyo yaunogona kutora chikafu chekudya uye kutora zvinovaka muviri kwatiri.
Masayendisiti akataura kuti uyu howa hunonyatso nyatso kuora huni. Muviri unobereka wehowa howa uyo unogona kuonekwa pamusoro pevhu unoonekwa mukati memwedzi yese kubva munaChikunguru kusvika Mbudzi.
Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezve huchi howa.