Imwe yezvipembenene zvinonyanya kukanganisa muorivhi ndiyo maorivhi milkweed. Zita rayo resainzi ndi Euphyllura olivine uye ihomopter iyo, kunyangwe isingawanzo kukonzera kukanganisa kukuru, inotsamwisa kana uchikohwa maorivhi.
Muchikamu chino tichaudza iwe nezve zvese hunhu, hwehupenyu kutenderera uye kurapwa kwemuorivhi milkweed. Dzidza maitiro ekudzivirira chirwere ichi.
Mhando huru
Muorivhi milkweed ndeye homoptera yemhuri yePsyllidae uye kuvapo kwayo mumiti yemiorivhi kunowanzoitika. Kunyangwe zvaunogona kufunga nezve denda iri, hazviwanzo kukonzera kukuvara kwakakomba. Izvi zvipembenene zvinowanzopedza yakawanda yechando muchimiro chavo chevakuru. Kugona kutsvaga vari mukati memiti isu tinofanirwa kutarisa pazasi pemashizha, axils uye buds.
Pakupera kwechando, sezvo tembiricha inokwira, ivo vanotanga kuita kwavo. Ndipo panosvika chirimo kwavanotanga kuburitsa yavo yekutanga chizvarwa. Ivo vanotora unenge mwedzi uye vanokura pakati peanomera nhungirwa uye maruva mabukira. Nymphs vane basa rekuvanza chinhu chekotoni, iyo inogamuchira zita remaorivhi mukaka. Ichi chinhu chekotoni chinoshandiswa senge svikiro kukura nekukura.
Kana vangove nekumisa kukura kwavo, zvinopa kukwira kumatunhu madiki anoita mhando yedenda. Chizvarwa chechipiri chematsutso chinoitika panguva yemaruva emuti wemuorivhi. Mune ino kesi, ivo vanokura pane inflorescence uye nevamwe, zvichipa kumuka kune yekotoni-inotaridzika koloni. Chizvarwa chechipiri ichi chinosvika pakukura muzhizha. Kana kudonha kusiri kupisa zvakanyanya, tanga chizvarwa chechitatu panguva yekudonha. Nekudaro, chizvarwa ichi chinowanzo enda chisingazivikanwe uye chakanyanya kuoma kuziva neziso rakashama.
Hupenyu kutenderera kwemuorivhi mukaka
Izvi zvipembenene zvinowanzove zvidiki kwazvo muhukuru kunyangwe zviine hukobvu uye huni hwakasvibirira. Mazai anogona kuzivikanwa se vane elliptical chimiro. Mazai acho madiki kwazvo saka unofanirwa kunyatsoatsvaga. Kana dzave muchikamu chemaruva, dzinovanza wakisi chena iyo inobatsira kuvhara nzvimbo inonzi korona yemaruva. Iyi nzvimbo yemichero ine donje rinotaridzika uye ndizvo zvinopa chipembenene zita rayo.
Izvo zvipembenene zviri zveichi chipembenene anowanzo chengetwa muhukuru munguva yechando. Pano ndipo patinogona kutosimbisa kuvabvisa kuitira kuti chipembenene chisave nechizvarwa chinotevera munguva yechirimo. Kuti tivawane tinofanira kutarisa muchikamu chebazi chakasara nehunde, panowanikwa vapoteri. Nematsutso uye kutumbuka kwemuti wemuorivhi chiitiko chayo chekubereka chinotanga.
Panguva ino vanhukadzi vanotanga kubereka kwavo uye voisa mazai pamatavi emaorivhi. Chikafu chenyama dzinenge dzichangoberekwa ndiyo sosi inogadzirwa nemuti wemuorivhi. Kuti idyise zvinosveta sosi uye zvishoma nezvishoma zvinoumba chikamu chakabatana kwazvo uye inoitwa pamwechete kuburikidza neaya emakotoni mameseji mafirita
Chizvarwa chekutanga chezvipuka izvi chine hupenyu hweinenge mwedzi mumwe. Chizvarwa chechipiri ndicho chinopa nzira kuchikamu chevakuru chechipembenene. Iine tembiricha yakakwira yezhizha ino gumisa chiitiko chayo uye inotanga kuzorora kupfupi kunogara kusvika kutanga kwematsutso. Kana kudonha kukasanyanya kupisa pachave nechizvarwa chechitatu. Chizvarwa chechitatu ichi hachipiwi kukosha kwakanyanya sezvo chisina mhedzisiro yakaipa pamuorivhi.
Zviratidzo uye kukuvara
Sezvatambotaura, kukuvara kunokonzerwa neichi chipembenene hakuna kunyanya kukura kufunga nezvazvo. Kunetsekana nezve kutaridzika kwemakoloni kunopfuura kukuvadza kwavanokonzera. Izvo zvinofanirwa kutariswa kuti panguva yechizvarwa chechipiri, pavanenge vari vakuru, ndipo pavanogona kuunza mamwe matambudziko akakosha. Uye ndezvekuti mukaka-wakaita-semakoloni akawandisa muchizvarwa chino uye vanove vakafuta zvakanyanya kutenderedza inflorescences. Uku kuwanda kwemakoloni kunogona kutungamira mukusangana zvakanaka kwemaruva emuorivhi uye kukuvadza kugadzirwa kwemiorivhi.
Nguva yakakosha yechirwere ichi kutumbuka kwemuti wemuorivhi. Ndipo paya patinofanira kunyatsoteerera kubvisa zvipembenene izvi. Kuti tizive zviratidzo isu tinofanirwa kuita sampling nguva isati yatanga kutumbuka. Isu tinosarudza sampuro yekuenzanisira uye zvichave zvakakosha kuti tione kana makoloni achikosheswa munzvimbo dziri padhuze nemashizha. Kana kurimwa kwemuti wemuorivhi kwakafanana, zvakaringana kusarudza chidimbu che300ha.
Kana iwo makoloni akawandisa, ivo vanofanirwa kutarisirwa nawo. Izvo zvinoitika kana zvakawandisa. Icho chiito chekumisikidza chiri kubva kune zvisere zvisere pane inflorescence. Kubva apa ndipo paunofanirwa kuita kupindira.
Maorivhi milkweed kurapwa
Sezvo uye uye akajeka matanho ekudzivirira isu tinofanirwa chete kuita yambotaurwa sampling. Uye izvi kune kukura kwehuwandu hwezvipembenene izvi zvakagadziriswa zvakanyanya nemamiriro ekunze. Makore ane mvura shoma inonaya ndeaya anofarira kukura kwakakura kwemuorivhi mukaka. Kune rimwe divi, kunaya kwemvura kwakanyanya kunoenderana nekubvisa huwandu hwenyanzvi.
Kubva kubva 8 zvipembenene pa inflorescence zvinogona kupedza photosynthesis uye kuberekwa kwemichero yemuorivhi kunofanirwa kuita pachirwere ichi. Iyo chemakemikari yekurapa inofanirwa kunge yakavakirwa pane zvakabvumidzwa zvigadzirwa zvehutano. Imwe yemakemikari anonyanya kushandiswa pakurapa maorivhi mukaka ndeiyi sipo ye potassium. Icho chinhu chakanyoreswa chemakemikari chigadzirwa chisingakonzere chero shanduko yehupenyu mukutaridzika kana chimiro chemichero. Izvo zvakare hazvigadzi kuramba kuti uve neanoshanda mechiratidzo uye zvinobatsira kuparadza inodzivirira kupfeka kwezvipembenene.
Sezvauri kuona, chipembenene icho chaunofanira kutarisisa chero bedzi chiri kutaridzika kuwanda. Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kubata olive olive milkweed.