Tinogona kusimbisa kuti hazvigoneke kuziva zvese marudzi emaferns izvo zviripo kunze kwekunge munhu ari nyanzvi mune botany. Nekuti tiri kutaura nezveimwe yemhando yemiti yakakura kwazvo, ine kusiyana kusinga nzwisisike.
Ferns zvidyarwa zvakabva kumasango ane hunyoro uye zvinogona kukura kunyangwe zvisingagamuchire mwenje wakawanda, asi zvakazove zvekuwedzera kune ese marudzi emagadheni, nekuti ivo vanokwanisa kupa runako uye yakasarudzika runako. Naizvozvo, pachiitiko ichi tichataura nezve mamwe emhando dzayo dzinonyanya kuzivikanwa uye maitiro avo makuru.
Dendere reshiri
Pakati pemhando dzemaferns dzaunogona kusarudza kubindu rako, iyo inozivikanwa sedendere reshiri ndeimwe yeanonyanya kufadza, nekuti ndeimwe yemhando dzinokosheswa. mumhuri huru yemaferns.
Asplenium nidus inowanikwa munzvimbo dzinopisa uye dzinopisa dzeAsia, Australasia neAfrica. Zita rayo remadunhurirwa rinobva pachimiro chemashizha ayo, ayo Vanotiyeuchidza neimwe nzira yedendere reshiri.
Pakati pezvinhu zvayo zvinonyanya kukosha, tinofanira kutarisa kune zvinotevera:
- Chimiro uye saizi. Matanda eiyi fern akakura, lanceolate uye arched muchimiro, izvo zvinopa iwo maumbirwo edendere reshiri aya atambotaura. Vanogona kusvika pakukura kukuru, saka isu tiri kutarisa kune yakaringana fern.
- Ruvara uye maitiro. El frond color Inogona kusiyanisa zvichienderana nekudyara mamiriro uye mamiriro ekunze, asi kubva kune yakanyanya kusvibira kusvika kune yakareruka toni. Asi nguva dzose neganda reganda rakapfava kusvika pakubata.
- Kukura mode. Ichi chirimwa chepiphytic, icho chinodzika midzi mumatanda emiti kana kuti zvakananga mumakoronga avo. Kana iwe uchizoidyara mubindu rako, iwe uchawana mhedzisiro yakanaka kana yekudyara yekudyara yakapfuma mune organic zvinhu.
- Natural habitat. Inofarira nzvimbo dzinodziya, dzine hunyoro, uye inokwanisa kukura munzvimbo dzine mumvuri uye dzakajeka.
- Kubereka. Mhando iyi inopararira kuburikidza nespores inoumba pasi pemashizha. Aya maspores anoparadzirwa nekuita kwemhepo kana mapollinator uye zvinoita kuti pave nematendere eshiri matsva.
- Mumba. Iyi ndeimwe yemhando dzeferns dzinopa mhedzisiro yakanaka sechirimwa chemukati, chero iine huwandu hunodiwa hwehunyoro hwekukura kwayo.
- Kuramba uye kusimba. Icho chirimwa chinopikisa zvakanyanya, chinokwanisa kurarama mumamiriro ezvinhu asina kunaka kwacho.
blechno
Blechum gibbum inozivikanwawo se blecno, palm fern kana mambo fern. Yakasiyana-siyana inomira kunze kwekutaridzika kwayo inoyevedza uye compact kukura. Kubva kuAustralia neNew Zealand, yakave yakakurumbira pasi rose.
Kuti uone izvi zvakasiyana pakati pemamwe marudzi emaferns, teerera kune aya maitiro:
- Compact shape. Imhata inokura, ine mashizha anobuda akamira kubva pakati. Nokudaro inotiyeuchidza nezvemuchindwe mudiki.
- Saizi. Kukura kwayo kuri pakati nepakati, uye kashoma kuti isvike inopfuura mita imwe pakureba. Naizvozvo, inzira yakanaka yemagadheni ari kutsvaga showy asi kwete zvirimwa zvakakura zvakanyanya.
- Fronds. Matanda eiyi fern ane lanceolate ane ruvara rwegirinhi rwakajeka uye chitarisiko chine minhenga. Vanogadzira korona-yakafanana nekugadzirisa pamusoro, ichipa kutarisa kunoshamisa.
- Natural habitat. Panzvimbo yayo yekubva iyi fern inokura mumasango nenzvimbo dzine mumvuri. Kuti ikure yakasimba, inofarira kugara mune chikamu kana mumvuri wakazara mamiriro. Zvisinei, iyi yakasiyana-siyana inonyatsoenderana nemamiriro akasiyana-siyana.
- Kutarisira kuri nyore. Inoonekwa seye nyore kutarisira fern. Kudiridza nguva dzose, kudzivirira kubva pakupisa kwakanyanya uye kusaisa pachena kune zuva rakawandisa zvakakwana.
- Kubereka. Inogona kupararira zvose kuburikidza ne spores uye nekuparadzanisa rhizomes.
Hembe nyanga
Iyi fern ndeyePlatycerium genus uye, nekuda kwezita remadunhurirwa, kare Unogona kufungidzira kuti masivi ayo ane chimiro chakadii. Mukati merudzi urwu mune marudzi akasiyana ane hunhu hwawo, asi ese ane hunhu hwakafanana hwatinotsanangura pazasi:
- Chimiro uye chimiro. Matanda ayo akaumbwa seelk antlers uye, zvichienderana nemhando, inogona kuva yakadzikama uye isingabereki kana kubereka uye yakareba. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, fronds inokwanisa kuzvimonera pachayo.
- Kukura mhando. Iyo epiphytic fern, inogona kukura pazvimiro zvakaita sematombo kana miti; haidi midzi yayo kuvigwa. Zvisinei, mamwe marudzi ayo anogona kukura pasina dambudziko muvhu kana muhari.
- Kunyatsotarisirwa. Mhando iyi yakati chechetere pane mhando dzema ferns dzatakamboona. Inoda nzvimbo ine mwando, mhepo yakanaka, kudiridza nguva dzose, uye nzvimbo ine mumvuri.
- Paradzira. Iyo fern inobereka kuburikidza ne spores, asi zvakajairika kuwana zvirimwa zvitsva kuburikidza nekukamurwa kwemarhizomes.
Maidenhair, imwe yemhando dzakapfava dzeferns
Iyo Adiantum kana maidenhair fern inofarirwa zvakanyanya nekunaka kwayo, asiwo Icho chirimwa chakapfava chinoda kunyatsotarisirwa. kukwanisa kukura uye kuva neutano hwakanaka. Nekudaro, chitarisiko chayo che ethereal chinokwezva vanoda zvegadheni, vanoda kuve nazvo muunganidzwa wavo wega.
Iwe unogona kuziva iyi fern neanotevera maitiro akasiyana:
- Segmented mashizha. Matanda eiyi fern akakamurwa kuita twunhu twakawanda tudiki, twakapfava. Rudzi rwayo rwakanyanya girini, asi rinogona kusiyanisa zvishoma zvichienderana nemhando uye mamiriro ekukura.
- Chimiro chemashizha. Chimwe chinoshamisira chechirimwa ichi ndechekuti mafiritsi akarongedzerwa mune fan pateni, achipa iyo fern chimiro chakareruka uye chinoyevedza.
- Kukura mhando. Chirimwa chepasi chinofarira ivhu rakanyorova rakapfuma muorganic matter. Nekudaro, mamwe emhando dzayo anogona zvakare kuve epiphytic.
- Chiedza chinodiwa. Icho chirimwa chakapfava chinoda kugara mumumvuri usina kukwana kune yakazara mumvuri mamiriro. Nokuti chiedza chezuva chinogona kukuvadza mashizha aro.
rurimi rwenondo
Iyo Microsorum punctatum kana yechokwadi rurimi fern rudzi rwakanyanya kufarirwa nekuti inogona kunyatsoenderana nekugara mumba. Native kuAsia nePacific, kutaridzika kwayo kwakanaka zvakabatsira kuti zvizivikanwe munyika yose zvino.
Pakati pezvinhu zvayo zvakasiyana ticharatidza:
- Foliage. Miti yacho yakaita semhara dzine matavi. Iyo yakareba uye yakatetepa uye inoumba arched, symmetrical pattern. Ruvara rwayo rwunosiyana pakati pemavara egirinhi akajeka uye ebhuronzi. Asi chero zvakadaro vanoratidza kunyorova kwemavara kune kubata.
- Natural habitat. Iyi fern inokura munzvimbo dzinopisa uye dzinonaya mvura yakawanda, uko kune ivhu rakanyoroveswa uye rine mumvuri. Kunyangwe ichikura pasi, inogona zvakare kukura seepiphyte pahunde yemiti kana matombo.
- Paradzira. Inogona kubereka kuburikidza ne spores kana kuburikidza nekuparadzaniswa kwe rhizomes.
Waiziva here mhando dzemaferns idzi? Mhando dzakabata kutarisisa kwevanoda zvegadheni uye izvo zvauchakwanisa kukurumidza kuziva.