Paunenge uine bindu repamba rine zvimwe zvirimwa, mubvunzo wekuti riini uye sei zvakanakira kufurisa nguva dzose. Fetereza musanganiswa unobatsira kukura kwezvirimwa kuti zvivandudze kukura nemhando yazvo. Imwe yemafetireza anoshandiswa zvakanyanya ifotereza yemvura. Zvisinei, vanhu vakawanda havazivi mashandisirwo efotereza yemvura kumiti, muchikamu chipi chinodiwa kuti uzviite uye ndeupi wakanakisisa kwairi.
Naizvozvo, tichakumikidza chinyorwa ichi kukuudza mashandisirwo efotereza yemvura kuzvirimwa uye zvese zvaunoda kuziva kuti uzviite nemazvo.
Ndeipi fetereza yemvura yekusarudza
Sekureva kweNational Association of Fertilizer Manufacturers (ANFFE), mafetireza emvura anofanira kusarudzwa zvichibva pane zvemuviri nemakemikari evhu uye zvinovaka muviri zvinodiwa. Izvi zvinoreva kuti inofanira kunge iine zvinovaka muviri zvakanyanya: Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P) uye Potassium (K), uyewo Magnesium, Calcium, Zinc, Copper kana Sulfur. Mafetireza ese anofanirwa kuvimbisa mwero weNPK yakakwana.
Kana iwe uchitsvaga fetireza yechinangwa chezvese zvekushongedza kwako, zvemukati kana terrace zvidyarwa, edza-zvese-chinangwa fetiraiza yemvura. Zvichienderana nerudzi rwechirimwa, kune zvakare zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvakanangana, senge fetiraiza yemvura yemakwenzi erose kana geraniums.
kukanda sei fetiraiza mvura kumiti
Mukutaura kwakawanda, kune marudzi matatu ekuberekesa: root application, foliar application uye fertigation. Kuisa midzi kunosanganisira kuisa fetereza yemvura kuzasi kwechirimwa. Zvichienderana nechigadzirwa, chinogona kushandiswa zvakananga kana kuderedzwa nemvura. Munzira iyi unofanirwa kuchenjerera nehuwandu hunoshandiswa kuitira kuti usakanganise midzi.
Foliar feeding zvinoreva kuisa fetereza mumashizha echirimwa. Haisi chete iyo yakasarudzika fomula, asi inokurudzirwa zvakare semubatsiri kune yakapfuura kuti ikurumidze kubatwa kwezvinovaka muviri.
Pakupedzisira, fertigation inoreva kuwedzerwa kwefetereza pamvura yekudiridza. Iyi nzira yakasiyana nekuti inokwenenzvera mvura nekuishandisa kupa chikafu chinodiwa nezvirimwa.
Kushandisa fetereza yakawanda sei
Saka tinosvika pamubvunzo wemiriyoni yemadhora: Yakawanda sei fetereza yakanaka? Kuti tipindure mubvunzo uyu, zvinhu zvitatu zvinofanira kufungwa nezvazvo: rudzi rwevhu, rudzi rwechirimwa uye nhanho yaro yemuviri. Kune zvirimwa zvebindu, kushandiswa kwefetereza kunofanira kunge kwakadzikira. Zvikasadaro, unogona kuvadzipa. Muchokwadi, zviri nyore kushandisa madosi mashoma kakawanda.
Zvakanaka kana iwe usingazive dosi chaiyo, sezvo mafetireza mazhinji anosanganisira mirairo chaiyo yekukutungamira. Chivharo chayo chedosing chinokutendera kuti uverenge nekunyatso chiyero chaunoda usati wadiluted nemvura.
Mhando dzefetiraiza
plain fertilizer
Tinogona kuva nechokwadi chekuti kune marudzi maviri emafetireza: mafetireza ari nyore uye mafetireza anovaka muviri. Izvo zviri nyore ndezviya zvine chikafu chikuru (nitrogen, phosphorus kana potasium). Mhando dzefetireza idzi dzinowanzoshandiswa mumunda wekurima kana pamwero mukuru, sezvo munhu achifanira kuziva chirimwa uye rudzi rwechirimwa zvakanaka kuti awane kuenzana kwakakwana kwezvinovaka muviri zvinoshandiswa. Mune fetereza iri nyore tinowana:
- Nitrogenated: Sezvinoratidzwa nezita ravo, ndivo vane basa rekugovera nitrogen kumiti. Ichi chikafu chine basa rekukurudzira kukura kwechirimwa, zvichiita kuti zvisvibire uye zviwande. Mimwe yeiyi urea, ammonia, uye ammonium nitrate, pakati pevamwe. Urea ndiyo fetireza ine nitrogen yepamusoro (46%) uye yakachipa zvakare. Ammonium sulfate inopa 21 muzana nitrogen, nepo calcium ammonium nitrate ichangopfuura 27 muzana yenitrogen.
- Phosphorated: Ivo vane basa rekupa phosphorus kumiti. Iyi micronutrient inobatanidzwa mukutumbuka, kugadzira michero uye kukura kwemidzi. Phosphate fertilizer inogona kunge iri nyore superphosphate (16% kusvika 20% phosphorus) uye katatu superphosphate (46%).
- potassium: Ichi chikafu chinokonzera kuchengetedza chirimwa kubva pakupisa kwakanyanya, pamwe nekuwedzera kubereka kwe substrate uye inotarisira kutakura kwezvokudya mumiti. Muenzaniso wemafetireza aya i potassium chloride, ine 60% potassium.
musanganiswa fetereza
Iwo mafetireza anosanganisa akati wandei akakosha kudya. Anonzi zvakare mafetireza eNPK kana kuti NP, zvichienderana nemhando yekudya kwaanenge ari. Iyi ndiyo mhando yefetereza yatinowanzo tenga yemishonga yemiti yemumba nekuti inopa chiyero chekudya kune zvirimwa uye iri nyore kushandisa. Kudzidza kusarudza fetereza iyi kwakakosha nekuti kunoita kuti muwane fetereza yakakodzera pachirimwa chimwe nechimwe.
Kuti usarudze fetereza, unofanira kuverenga chinyorwa. Iwe uchawana nhamba nhatu mufomati xxx. Nhamba idzi dzichamiririra zvikamu zve nitrogen, phosphorus uye potasium zvichiteerana. Kureva, Musaga 10 kg ye 20-15-30 fetireza unenge uine 2 kg yenitrogen, 1,5 kg yephosphorus uye 3 kg ye potassium.. Zvimwe zvese zvinosanganiswa zvichaenderana neinert zvinhu zvinoshanda semafetereza anotakura.
Vagadziri vanowanzo sanganisira mirairo pane chinyorwa chekushandisa fetereza uye zvirimwa zvinotora reshiyo iyoyo zvakanaka; zvisinei, iwe unogona kutarisa yakanakira fetiraiza reshiyo kune iyo chaiyo mhando yechirimwa mugwaro redu rekudyara. Sezvo mutemo, Unogona kutsvaga fetireza ine phosphorus yakapetwa kaviri senitrogen ne potassium, senge 15-30-15 kana 12-24-12.
Kuziva izvi kunogona kukubatsira kuchengetedza mari nekuti unogona kusarudza sarudzo yakakwana kunyangwe iwe usina mhando. Ndinoreva, dzimwe nguva vagadziri vanochaja yakawanda kune zvigadzirwa zvine mavara akanaka, asi ndizvo chaizvo zvakafanana nezviri nyore kutarisa zvigadzirwa. Kana iwe usingakwanise kuwana reshiyo chaiyo yerudzi rwechirimwa chako, heino zano: verenga label yefetereza yako yehunyanzvi uye nyora pasi nhamba dzauchashandisa kutsvaga yako general purpose fetereza. Semuenzaniso, imwe orchid fertilizer ine NPK chiyero che 30-10-10, saka unogona kutsvaga chero fetiraiza ine zviyero izvi zvema orchids ako, kunyangwe isingazvitsanangure pane iyo label.
Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu iwe unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezve mashandisiro emvura fetereza kune zvidyarwa uye maitiro ayo.