Pakati pezvipukanana zvakasiyana zvinogona kuwanikwa muzvirimwa zvinomera zvekurima, zvinosanganisira mhando dzakasiyana dzezvirimwa, senge mbatatisi, madomasi uye maabergines, pamwe necabichi, cauliflower netipiru pakati pevamwe vakawanda, ndiyo inozivikanwa mbatatisi bete.
Mbatatisi nyongori ibete rine simba uye chimwe chezvinyuchi zvine hukasha pamashizha eminda yembatatisi. Iyo mhedzisiro ndeye kukurumidza kukura kwayo uye kurwisa, izvo zvinogona kunyatso kumisa goho reaya machubhu.
Chii chinonzi mbatatisi nyuchi?
Inodanwa mbatatisi bete uye inozivikanwa nesainzi se Leptinotarsa decemlineata, kune chipukanana chakazvimiririra sechipembenene muminda yematatiri akasiyana, ichivarwisa uye mune dzimwe nguva kutopedza hupenyu hwemuti.
Iyo bete iyo iri chikamu chemhuri yekrisimusi uye izvo zvinogona kuoneka mune chero chikamu chenyika panorimwa zvirimwa zvembatatisi, izvo mukuwedzera pakuita sechipembenene, ine nzvimbo yakapararira kwazvo pasi rese.
Sezvineiwo, nzvimbo yakatangira bete iyi haina chekuita nenzvimbo yaakatangira. mbatatisi, kumashure muUpper Peru, muSouth America, asi izvi zvakachinjika nekukurumidza uye nenzira chaiyo kune uyu muti unovaka muviri, uyo ndiyo yakatsiva chirimwa chinovaka muviri chezvipembenene izvi, iyo yaive yakawanda zonal. Izvi ndizvo zvakakonzera kupararira kwayo kunzvimbo dzakasiyana pasi pano pane zvirimwa zvetuber.
Zviratidzo
Hunhu hwekutanga uhwo hunowanzozivikanwa kuti mbesa dzedu dzematato dzine aya mabete, ndidzo tichaona chipembenene chine muviri wakafukidzwa zvizere nemitsetse.
Aya anogona kuve nemitsara gumi yero uye mitema padenga ravo repamusoro, nepo kumagumo kwegobvu ravo tichaona misoro yavo ichibuda, kubva pane kutsvuka zvishoma kusvika pamumvuri wakareruka uye iine mamwe mavara akasviba pane epamusoro chikamu. Nezve kuyerwa kwayo, inogona kuve nehurefu husingapfuure mamirimita gumi.
Bete iri rinoshandisa zvirimwa zvetuber rakatanga kutsanangurwa nemuongorori weNorth America, naturalist uye entomologist anonzi Thomas Say, kuburikidza nepfuti dzaakaita nemhando dzakawanikwa muRocky Mountains ine mukurumbira, inotambanuka kubva kuAlaska kuenda kuchamhembe kweUnited States.
Kuberekerwa
Chinonyanya kuratidza mhando iyi yetete uye chii chinonyanya kutariswa sekunetsekana kwevarimi vembatatisi pasirese, ndiyo kumhanya uye kugona kukuru kwavanazvo kubereka.
Kuisa zai kweizvi zvipembenene kunoitika pasi pezasi pemashizha uye yega yeaya mabete anogona kurara, Mazai mashanu kusvika makumi maviri pashizha, mazai angangoita 5 pamashizha akasiyana yeimwe kana yakawanda zvirimwa.
Aya mazai, tichitarisa munhu wenyama, anogona kukurumidza kunzwisiswa pazasi pemashizha uye izvi zvine chekuita nenyaya yekuti ivo vanosiyanisa mugirinhi neruvara rweyero kana kunyanya orenji.
Muchiitiko ichocho patinoona toni yakatsvuka padhuze neaya mavara eorenji, tinenge takatarisana nemaruva eichi chipukanana. Idzi ndidzo dzinozounza kukuvara kwakanyanya kumiti, sezvaachave iwo ayo, kana mazai achinge abuda, anotanga kufura pamashizha emuti iwo kukura kwawo.
Maitiro ekuona kuvepo kwembatatete bete?
Sezvatakambotaura, ese mazai nemaruva ari mudanho rekukura, uye achangobhururuka. zvichave zvakamisikidzwa pazasi pemashizhaNaizvozvo, kuongorora nguva nenguva kudivi iri remashizha ndiyo ichave nzira kwayo yekuona kuti chirimwa chedu chiri kudyiwa nenyonganyonga idzi.
Chimwe chinhu chichaona kuti izvi zviri kushingirira zvirimwa zvedu, chichava icho tichaona mashizha akabikwa, zvakare inogadzira curl, chinova chimwe chezviratidzo zvakajairika mumashizha emhando dzese dzemiti kana vari pasi pekutyisidzirwa nedenda.
Sezvatakambotaura, bete iri haringowonekwi muchirimwa chembatatisi, asi rakajairikawo mune mamwe marudzi ezvirimwa zvinodyiwa solanaceous, zvakaita semadomasi biringanya, zvichikonzera mune zvese izvi kumwe kukuvara uko kunogona kungove nehunhu hwepanyama chete.
Iyo mbatatisi bete inogona kukonzera kukuvadza kwakanyanya kune zvese zvirimwa zveiyi tubers uye mamwe ma nightshades. Sezvo isu tese tichiziva, iyo mbatatisi yakagovaniswa pasirese, kuva neminda munyika dzese panyika, saka izvi zvakakonzeresa kuti bete igove pamusoro pemakondinendi mashanu.
Europe yakaziva nezvesimba denda iri bete rine mhedzisiro ye kukuvara kwakakomba kwakatokonzerwa neichi chipembenene munzvimbo dzeUnited States, saka zvaizove mumakore makumi matatu nemakumi mana apo matanho akange atanga kutorwa, asi ipapo yaive hondo dzepasirese dzakatungamira mukusaremekedza zvine musoro kweaya madenda.
Iyo mbatatete nyuchi inogona kuparadza yakadai simiti kanenge chose. Kuora kwemashizha awo kunoonekwa zvakanyanya, nekuti kwete chete chipembenene chinoashandisa asiwo maruva acho. Iwe unozoshamisika kuziva kuti mazana maviri emakarwe eaya macoleopteran anogona kudya kirogiramu yemashizha uye kuti mukadzi mumwe chete muchirimwa anogona kukanganisa hafu yehekita yekudyara kwegore rakazara.
Izvi zvinodaro aya mabete anowanzo fudza foliar epidermis, ichisiya chete petioles nenzvimbo iri pakati, pakupedzisira zvichikonzera kuti muti uome.
Rimwe dambudziko varimi vetuber vanotarisana naro nderekuti hapana mhando yechikara cherudzi urwu rwe bete. Izvi zvine chekuita nenyaya yekuti imhando yemhando dzakasiyana munzvimbo zhinji dzepasi, chimwe chinhu chakonzera kuti ive isina vavengi venyama, uye hainawo zvikara munzvimbo dzakatangira.
Mishonga
Tora ivo nemaoko
Chimwe chezvinhu zvekutanga iwe chaunogona kuita, kuva chinonyanya kushanda, kuenda pane zvinogumbura uye kutanha matete ari kufamba zvishoma nezvishoma kutenderera zvirimwa zvako. Izvi zviri nyore kupedzisa pazuva rinodziya, zuva kana tupukanana tusingahwande.
Wobva waasiya mumudziyo une sipo nemvura, izvo zvichabvisa chirwere ichi nekukurumidza uye nyore. Kunyangwe zvingave zviri nani kuuraya vanhu vakuru, ita shuwa yekuwana maruva mazhinji sezvinobvira, sezvavanonyanya kukuvadza.
Mitsetse inoyerera inovhara
Mutsara unoyangarara unofukidza Inogona kubatsira kudzivirira zvirimwa zvako kubva kuzvipukanana tupukanana. Shandisa yakanyatsogadzirirwa lightweight inoyerera swath uye chengetedza zvakakwana izvo zvinhu pasi nevhu kana zvekudya.
Ita shuwa kuti usavhara zvirimwa munzvimbo yavakakurira kare, kubvira tupukanana utwu twunogona kutonhora kupfuura pasisaka iwe unogona kuve nekutapukira pasi peiyo inoyerera mutsara butiro kana iwe ukasangwarira.
Misungo
Imwe nzira yekudzivirira ndeyekurima zvirimwa zvinokwezva zvipembenene izvi. Kana iwe ukakura misungo uchitenderedza mukombero webindu rako, mapete achakwenenzvera mukova wekutanga wavanoona. Izvi zvinogona kunonoka kupararira kwayo.
Chero chipi chinogamuchirwa chinodyarwa chavanofarira kudya chichaita sechirimwa chinobata, kusanganisira dzimwe nhengo dzemhuri. Solanaceae, senge pasi cherry, rukato, madomasi uye sitirobheri, ndidzo dzakaratidzwa.
Hupenyu kutenderera kweiyo mbatatisi bete
Kuti tizive mbatatisi bete zviri nani, tinogona kutaura izvozvo hupenyu hwayo kutenderera huri pakati pemwedzi mumwe nemazuva makumi mana ekuvapo. Kana kucheka kukaitika, makonye anozofudza pekutanga pamusoro peshizha, achiratidza hunhu mutsvuku, uyo ungangoreruka panguva yekukura.
Munguva yekukura uku, vanozokuvadza shizha nenzira dzakasiyana, musimboti kudya kwavo kwehonye uyezve, pavanosvika pakushanduka kuva munhu mukuru, vanoenderera mberi neiyi nzira yekuora kwemuti. Vanogona kuve nezvizvarwa zvinoverengeka pagore.