Kugara mupenyu izita rinopihwa chirimwa chinoramba chiri chitsva muhupenyu hwacho hwese. Iyo inokwanisa kuchengetedza kutsetseka uye kupenya kwemashizha nguva dzese. Zita rayo resainzi ndiSempervivum. Ivo vane hukuru hukuru hwekurarama vachipesana nemamiriro akashata kana izvo zvinokanganisa kukura kwavo.
Tsvaga hunhu hwese hwusingafi uye nemabatiro aunofanira kuita kuti igare iri mumamiriro ayo akanaka. Iwe unoda kudzidza zvakawanda here?
Mhando uye zvakajairika
Iyo isingafi ndeye yerudzi rwemhando makumi matatu dzemhuri yeCrassulaceae. Mhando dzose dzemhuri iyi dzine chinhu chimwe chakafanana. Uye ndeyekuti ivo vanokwanisa kukura muchimiro che rosette.
Iko kushandiswa kukuru kweiyo risingafi kushongedza. Maruva ayo anogona kunge ari akasiyana shades (akafanana nemaruva) uye anopa yakashongedzwa ruvara kune iyo gadheni kana yeruzhinji nzvimbo. Kana mhando dzakasiyana dzakasiyana dzichikura nemavara akasiyana, pikicha ine mavara uye mazhinji-mavara inogona kucherechedzwa.
Pakati pemhando dzatinowana, zvinotevera zvinomira pachena: Sempervivum tectorum, chakajairika pane zvese; sempervivum alpinum, chizvarwa cheAlps; Y Sempervivum montanum, inowanzoitwa Montaña. Iyo Sempervivum arachnoideumla Sempervivum wulfeniini, iyo Sempervivum grandiflorum and the Sempervivum calcareum.
Mhando huru
Iyi simiti iri kuramba ichichengeta yayo yakajeka girini ruvara. Inochengetedza kutsetseka uye kuvhenekera zvakanaka. Mashizha awo akasvibira zvakadzika, uye mamwe marudzi ane mumvuri weruvara kumatipi. Kune zvakare matsvuku, yero kana epepuru.
Dzinde racho rakasvibira uye rinopera muna a pink, tsvuku, chena uye yero maruva. Aya maruva anogona kungoonekwa chete mumwaka wezhizha. Ivo vanowanzo kuve vane nyeredzi chimiro uye iyo inodziya nguva yegore ndipo apo maruva anonyanya kuratidza. Iyo inokwanisa kusvika 30 cm murefu.
Iyo inogara yakasvibira chirimwa kazhinji inoramba ichikura kwemakore akati wandei isati yatumbuka kekutanga. Pasina kupokana, iyo yakanaka shrub. Iyo inoshandiswa pazvinangwa zvekushongedza pasirese. Unogona kuiwana zvese mumavhasi uye muvhu nehari. Mhando dzakasiyana dzinokosheswa kuvhara nekushongedza nzvimbo dzinopisa nezuva uye dzinonyanya kuoma.
Habitat nenzvimbo yekugovera
Iyi simiti inowanikwa kuSpain. Yakatanga kuwedzera kubva kuCanary Islands. Inogona kuonekwa ichibudirira mumakomo emakomo epeninsula. Izvo hazviwanikwe chete muSpain, asi zvinowedzera kuburikidza neAlps, Carpathians, Balkan, Turkey, makomo eArmenia neCaucasus.
Ivo vane kugona kuchengeta mvura mumashizha enyama. Ichi chiito chinoita kuti zvive nyore kwauri kuti urarame munzvimbo dzinonaya uye dzine matombo. Nekuda kwekugona kwayo kukuru kugadzirisa mamiriro akaomesesa, chirimwa ichi chinogona kubudirira munzvimbo dzakaomesesa. Paunenge uine pamba, hazvidi kuchengetedzwa zvakanyanya kana nzvimbo.
Kana zviri zvekuwanda kwavo, vane kugona kukuru kwekupararira uye kubereka nekukurumidza.
Kubereka uye kutarisira
Kunyangwe iyo isingatore hanya kwakanyanya, zvirinani kuipa ongororo kuti igare ichivachengeta vari mune yavo yakanaka mamiriro. Kana mamiriro acho akanaka immortelle inopararira nekukurumidza kuburikidza nemabhuru. Maruva ayo anotanga hermaphroditic. Gare gare, iyo stamens inokombamira kure nekapepuru iri pakati peruva, saka kuzvisimbisa -murume hakusi nyore.
Kuzvibereka zviri nani nembeu. Kana vanoyamwa vakaparadzaniswa, zvirinani. Unogona kuzvikurira zvese muhari, semumavhasi kana kunyange muvhu rakananga. Kana ichida kuiswazve, zviri nyore kumirira nguva yechirimo uko tembiricha iri inonakidza kwavari.
Nezve kutarisira kwako, hausi muti unonetsa zvikuru, asi zvirinani kuva nazvo muivhu rematombo uye nemadhiraini akanaka. Kuvhara mvura kunogona kuvauraya. Iyo haidi chaiyo fetiraiza, asi zviri nyore kutamisa ivhu makore maviri ega ega. Kunwisa kunofanira kuva pakati nepakati uye havawanzo kurwiswa netumbuyu kana zvirwere.
Kana iwe ukasarudza kuve nayo muhari, zvinokurudzirwa kuti ushandise porous substrate, nekuti kunyangwe ichikwanisa kurarama isina matambudziko mune nhema peat yoga, mairi zvingave zvakafanira kudzora kunwisa zvakanyanya, nekuti inonzwisisika mudzi kuora. Nekudaro, musanganiswa wakanaka ungave unotevera: 50% nhema peat + 30% perlite + 20% jecha rerwizi.
Iyo inogara yakasvibira chirimwa inofanirwa musimboti kugara ichiiswa muzuva rakazara, asi kana iwe uchigara munzvimbo ine mamiriro ekunze ari kupisa zvakanyanya (pamusoro pe30 madhigirii achienderera) zviri nani kuti iwe uvaise mumumvuri kwemaawa mashoma pazuva.
Mushonga mabhenefiti uye zvivakwa
Sokunge kuti izvo zvaive zvisina kukwana, simiti iyi zvakare ine mishonga yekurapa uye akawanda mabhenefiti. Iyo inoshandiswa kurapa mamiriro ekuzvimba anoenderana pharyngitis, tracheitis, otitis uye candidiasis. Kurapa mamwe mamiriro, zvinodikanwa kugadzira muto nemashizha. Muto uyu unoshandiswa kurapa maronda, mapundu nekumwe kutsva. Inogona zvakare kubvisa zviratidzo uye kunhuwa kweumhutu uye zvimwe zvipembenene zvinoruma.
Iwo mashandiro anoshanda ndiwo anopa ichi chirimwa chemushonga mishonga yacho. Izvi zvinoshandiswa zvinoshandiswa tanins, resini, flavonoids, makemikari acids (malic, formic uye isocitric), alkaloids uye mucilages.
Ongororo dzemazuva ano dzemakemikari uye emakemikari, akagadzirwa kunyanya neiyo alpine marudzi Sempervivum tectorum, aona zvemakemikari zvinhu zvine antimicrobial, immunomodulatory uye hepatoprotective zvivakwa, pamwe ne antioxidants, antihyperlipidemic uye emahara akaomarara mhondi.
Kune zvese izvi, iyo isingagumi yakava yakanaka, inogara yakasimba chirimwa, inodzivirira dzimba pamwe nehutano.
Kuda kuziva kweusingafi
Munguva dzekare zvaifungidzirwa kuti mweya usingafi yakanga yagadzirwa naZeus kana Jupiter. Chinangwa chemuti uyu chaive chekudzivirira dzimba nevanhu kubva kumoto, mheni nemweya. Ichi chirimwa chaizivikanwa seJupita kana kuti Thor ndebvu.
Kutenda uku kwakapararira kuEurope munguva yaCharlemagne. Kubatsira kuchengetedza dzimba, yainge yakasimwa pamatenga edzimba kuti ichengetedzwe kubva kuzvitsinga nemheni. Zvakare, zvaifungidzirwa kuunza runako mumba.
Sezvinoonekwa, ichi chirimwa ndechimwe chakazara kwazvo.