Kune akawanda mushroom curiosities. Howa chinhu chinonaka chakanyanya mukudonha nechando, uye kukosha kwavo kwekudya kunoonekwawo pakudzora uremu. Kunze kwekuravira uye chikafu, ivo zvakare vane hukama kune akawanda maficha etsika yedu yakakurumbira. Kune nharembozha dzekubuda kunotsvaga howa mumakwenzi - uye kunyangwe nechitendero chedu chekare. Nekune rimwe divi, vanofarira kusimudzirwa kwechikamu chehupfumi icho, kunyangwe chine mwaka wakasimba, hachigone kufuratirwa. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti 200 miriyoni euros inotamiswa gore rega rega kutenderedza bhizinesi rehowa muSpain.
Nokudaro, tichakumikidza chinyorwa ichi kuti tikuudze kuti ndezvipi zvakakosha zvehowa zvaungave usingazivi.
Howa curiosities
Hazvisi zvinomera kana mhuka
Howa kunze kwehumwe howa hunogara pasi pevhu kana muzvinhu zviri kuora. Zvisinei, kune mhando dzakawanda dzehowa, nokuti chaizvoizvo imwe yeumambo hushanu apo tinounganidza zvisikwa zvipenyu, saka hazvionekwi semiti kana mhuka. Haaiti photosynthesize semuriwo, uye haakwanise kudya zvakanaka sezvatinoita muumambo hwemhuka.
Muhumambo hwefungi, dzinobva kune dzinogara mudumbu redu kusvika kune mbiriso inovirisa hupfu, mazambiringa kana bhari, kuburikidza nekuumbwa kana izvo zvinorwisa pasi petsoka dzedu. Chokwadi, kune vanotanha howa.
Kunyanya fungi dzinogadzira fungi dzinoonekwa nekugara pasi pevhu kana mukuora kwe organic matter. Basa ravo nderekutora mhedzisiro yekuora uku kuti vazvidye, uye vanogonawo kuunganidza zvicherwa kubva pasi.
Aya fungi marefu matani emasero emagetsi, senge mota dzechitima dzakabatana (mycelium), dzinogona kupfuudza zvicherwa kubva kune imwe sero kuenda kune imwe pamwe neimwe filament (hypha). Kune rumwe rutivi, mazhinji acho akabatanidzwa kumidzi munhengo yakasanganiswa inonzi mycorrhiza. Nhengo iyi ine symbiotic, kureva, inzvimbo yekudyidzana yemasangano maviri, iyo inobvumira muti kupa shuga kune fungus, uye fungus inoshandisa filaments yayo kutakura minerals kumuti kubva kure. Zvakare, howa hunogona kubatanidza miti yakawanda kana kunyange sango rose kuita organic Internet yesango.
Howa imwechete yakabatana ne900 hectares yesango yakawanikwa muOregon muNorth Pacific yeUnited States, nokudaro ichiumba chipenyu chikurusa chinozivikanwa pasi pano. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti fungus iyi yakabatana, kunze kwemhando dzakasiyana dzemashoko, inogonawo kutamisa mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya kubva pamuti, inogona kunzi ndiyo huchenjeri hwesango.
Howa hunoonekwa senhengo yesikarudzi yefungus
Muchokwadi, howa ndiwo magonads efungi, inhengo dzinoburitsa spores uye fungi dzinosanganisa genetic zvinhu kuburikidza ne spores. Kana uchida, unogonawo kumufonera howa ruva.
Pasi peheti yehowa, tinogona kuona mashizha akajeka anonzi "flakes", ayo ari kubudisa spore uye anobva aparadzirwa nemhepo kana mhuka. Iyo fungus inongobereka howa mushure memwaka wemvura, nokuti ine hunyoro hwakakwana kugadzira izvi hydraulic zvimiro mu90% mvura.
Vanogona kudyiwa chete ne0,0001%
A mycologist, musayendisiti anodzidza nezvehowa, ane joke rinoti, "Howa dzose dzinodyiwa, asi dzakawanda dzinogona kudyiwa kamwe chete." Saizvozvo, 600 chete emhando 600.000 dzehowa dzazvino uno dzinodyiwa.
Iwo mamwe anoratidza madhigirii akasiyana ehuchetura nekuda kwealkaloid yavanoburitsa kudzivirira kurwiswa kwemhuka, uye zvimwe zvinouraya. Kune rimwe divi, hazvisi zvisikwa zvese zvine kupikisa kwakafanana: semuenzaniso, slugs ane 1.000 nguva dzakawanda dzinopesana ne boletus chepfu.
Truffles, kusanganisira chena (Tuber magnatum) uye dema (Tuber melanosporum), imhando yefungal spore block chimiro, ichigadzira mycorrhizae ne chestnuts, walnuts, holm oak uye holm oak kubva kumaodzanyemba kweEurope (Italy, France, Spain) uye inokura pasi pevhu pachinzvimbo. zvekuuya pamusoro.
Izvo zvakanakisisa curiosities zvehowa
Sango rehowa uye howa kumba
Kwemakore anopfuura makumi maviri, midzi yemiti ichangobva kumera yakafukidzwa nespores dzefungi dzakasiyana-siyana kuita mycorrhizae. Dzinobva dzasimwa muminda, dzichimirira miti nehowa kuti dzikure, uye dzekupedzisira pakupedzisira huchakura howa mushure memwaka wekunaya kwemvura, izvo zvinogona kutora makore anenge mashanu. Mukuwedzera, teknolojia yemazuva ano inobvumira kupfapfaidza mbeu dzemiti zvakananga usati wadyara.
Kana tiine nzvimbo ine rima, yakanyorova uye inotonhorera kuti iite kuti ishande, saka saprophytic howa inoparadza ye organic zvinhu, senge shiitake howa kana oyster howa, inogona kurimwa kumba. Nokuda kweizvi, musanganiswa wesadza remupunga uye mhou yemombe inoshandiswa, fumigated nefungal spores uye yakarongedzwa. Muchokwadi, mapakeji aya atovepo mune zvekutengesa uye isu tinongoda kuchengeta nekuadiridza nguva nenguva. Iyo fungus howa ichaonekwa zvishoma nezvishoma pamusoro.
Howa kufamba
Myxomycetes imhando yakasarudzika yefungi inoumba rudzi rweplasticine block pachinzvimbo chepasi pasi filaments. Vanorarama pakuora kwe organic matter, kunyanya hunde dzemasango ane hunyoro, ayo anopenya yero, tsvuku kana orenji. Vanoratidzika sekenduru rakanyunguduka kana kuti bhora revhu, uye vanofamba vachitsvaka zvinhu zvokuora. Vanoita izvi nekugadzira mafambiro emasero eplasma anosundira fungus kune imwe nzira.
Hukama hwehowa nehuroyi hwakabvira kare, nekuti humwe howa hune muchetura hauuraye vanhu, asi hune maeffects. inonakidza kana hallucinogenic, iyo yaishandiswa muchitendero chekare chevaroyi. Semuenzaniso weizvi, ring yen'anga irin'i yehowa inoonekwa pakachena musango uye inonzi "aril."
Mabhasikiti emawicker anoshandiswa nevanhongi ane chikonzero chezvakatipoteredza: kubatsira fungi kuwanda. Apo patinoisa fungus mubhasiki, inosunungura spores, uye sezvatinofamba musango, zvipembenene izvi zvichawira pasi kuburikidza nemakomba akasiyiwa nemucheka wewicker kuitira kuti tigovagovera.
Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezve curiosities yehowa.