Mycena chlorophos Imhando yefungus mumhuri yeFungiaceae. Kutanga kurondedzerwa muna 1860, fungus inowanikwa munzvimbo dzinopisa dzeAsia, kusanganisira Japan, Taiwan, Polynesia, Indonesia, neSri Lanka, pamwe neAustralia neBrazil. Inonyanya kuda kuziva kuve howa senge bioluminescence.
Muchinyorwa chino tichakuudza ese maitiro, kupatsanura uye zvimiro zve Mycena chlorophos.
Mhando huru
Howa hune huturu hwakashava-grey slimy caps kusvika 30 mm mudhayamita pamusoro pedzinde 6-30 mm kureba uye kusvika 1 mm mukobvu. The Mycena chlorophos Ifungus iyo bioluminescent uye inoburitsa chiedza chegirini kupenya. Mhedzisiro yacho inogadzirwa pamarara ematanda akadonha akadai sematavi uye hunde dzemiti yakafa musango. Iyo fungus inogona kukura uye michero pasi pemamiriro erabhoritari., uye mamiriro ekukura anobata bioluminescence akadzidzwa.
Chivharo chinotanga chakaita convex, gare gare chichigadzika (dzimwe nguva nepakati chekuora mwoyo), uye chinogona kusvika 30 mm muhupamhi. Chivharo chine radial grooves inosvika pakati, dzimwe nguva inotsemuka kumacheto nediki crenellations. Pale brownish-grey muvara, inopera mushure mekuzvimba, inonamira zvishoma. Madzinde machena akareba 6–30 mm, 0,3–1 mm mukobvu, maburi, uye anopenya. Iine tumvere tudiki pamusoro payo. Dzinde discoid kana zvishoma bulbous pazasi, 1-2,5 mm yakafara. Magill akatetepa anogona kunge asina kusungirirwa padzinde kana kuti akasungirirwa pahuro yakareruka inotenderedza dzinde.
Pakutanga machena, ozoita grey, iwo akanyatso kurongedzerwa, ane 17-32 akazara-kureba gill uye 1-3 mitsara yelamellae (iyo mapfupi magill haawedzere zvachose kubva pamuromo wekepisi kusvika padzinde). Gills 0,3-1 mm yakafara, ine mica margins. Iyo pulp yakanaka kwazvo uye ine kunhuhwirira kwakasimba kweammonia. Zvese zviri zviviri chivharo nemagill zvine bioluminescent, ukuwo mycelium nedzinde hazvina kupenya.
Spores machena, akatsetseka, anenge ovha, 7-8,5 x 5-6 μm muhukuru.. Basidioids (spore-bearing cells) inoyera 17-23 x 7,5-10 µm neine sterigmata spores dzinenge 3 µm kureba. Mabumhu acho ari 5–8 µm yakafara, mapfupi uye akawanda kupfuura ayo ebasidiocarps, uye anoita imwe gelatinous shell.
Cheilocystidia (cysts pamucheto we capsular eyelid) ndeye 60 x 7-21 μm muhukuru, yakajeka, conical kana ventricular (inflated). Iyo cheilocystidia inobviswa zvakanyanya kana ine pfupi appendage ye15 x 2-3 μm, dzimwe nguva branched, dzakaonda kana dzakakora-madziro zvishoma. Iko hakuna ma cysts padivi rebazi. Iwo akaumbwa netsvimbo uye 25-60 x 13-25 μm muhukuru. Madziro avo akati mbembe, ane mitsipa panzvimbo isina chinhu, ane mapfupi, akareruka kukura anosvika 3 μm.
Habitat uye kugoverwa kweMycena chlorophos
Mycena chlorophos fruiting mitumbi inowanikwa mumasango umo inokura mumisumbu pamarara ane matanda akadai sematavi, matavi, nemakwati akadonha. MuHachijo neKogijima, Japan, fungus inonyanya kuwanikwa pamiti yemuchindwe yePhoenix roeberenii.. Howa inoda huwandu hwakakodzera hwemwando kuti hugadzire howa; pachitsuwa cheHachijo, semuenzaniso, fruiting inoitika chete panguva yekunaya kwemvura yaJune/Chikunguru naSeptember/October apo hunyoro hunenge hwakapoteredza 88%, kazhinji zuva rinotevera mvura. Ongororo dzekuyedza dzakaratidza kuti howa primordia hunenge hwakanyanya kunyorova hunoremara, nepo mamiriro akanyanyooma anoita kuti zvivharo zvishongedze uye kubvaruka sezvo gel membrane inovavhara inoputika inoputika.
MuAsia, mhuka dzakawanikwa muJapan, Taiwan, Polynesia, Java, uye Sri Lanka. MuJapan, howa huri kuramba hushoma sezvo tsika yahwo yechisikigo inodzikira. Vanoverengeka vekuAustralia vanotungamira munda vakashuma mhuka kubva munyika. Iyi fungus zvakare yakanyorwa kakawanda muBrazil. Mycena chlorophos ndohumwe hwehowa hwakati wandei hunoratidzwa pane seti yezvitambi zvekutumira zvakaburitswa muSamoa muna 1985.
Bioluminescence yeMycena chlorophos
Mhuka iyi yakatanga kutsanangurwa nesainzi seAgaricus chlorphos muna 1860 naMiles Berkeley naMoses Ashley Curtis. Muenzaniso wepakutanga wakaunganidzwa paBonin Islands muna Gumiguru 1854 neAmerican botanist Charles Wright panguva yake yeNorth Pacific Expedition uye Survey Expedition ye1853-1856. Pier Andrea Saccardo akatamisa mhuka kurudzi rweMycenae mune rimwe bhuku ra1887. Daniel Desjardin nevamwe vaaishanda navo vakatsanangura zvakare mhuka uye vakagadzira phylogenetic specimen muna 2010.
Muna 1860, Berkeley naCurtis vakatsanangura rudzi rweAgaricus cyanophos kubva kuzvinhu zvakaunganidzwa kubva kuBonin Islands. Nyaya yacho yakawanikwa padyo nekwakatangira kuwanikwa kweM. chlorphos, asi mavhiki akati kuti gare gare. MaJapan mycologist Seiya Ito naSanshi Imai vakadzidza izvi zvakaunganidzwa mukupera kwema1930 uye vakagumisa kuti cyanobacterium Agaricus blazei yaive mhando yakafanana neM. chlorophos, zvisinei nekuti chimiro cheheti. kusanganiswa kwemagill uye ruvara rwechiedza chakabudiswa zvaive zvakasiyana.
Desjardin nevamwe vake vanobvumirana nesarudzo iyi mushure mekuongorora mhando yezvinhu zvese zviri zviviri tax. M. chlorphos inorongedzerwa muchikamu cheExornatae cherudzi rweMycenae. Mamwe marudzi anovhenekera muchikamu chino anoti M. discobasis neM. marginata. Vamwe vanyori vakafunga kuti M. illumans akafanana neM. chlorphos nekuda kwemaitiro akafanana, asi kuongorora kwema molecular kwakaratidza kuti akanga ari marudzi akasiyana.
Sezvo fungus idiki uye inobereka michero chete mumwaka mishoma pane chiyero chidiki, vaongorori vakaongorora mamiriro anodiwa kuti zvikure mhando pasi pemamiriro emurabhoritari kuitira kuti ive nezvakawanda zvekudzidza maitiro ebioluminescence uye kubatsira kuchengetedza mhuka iyi. . Iyo yakanyanya tembiricha yekukura kwe mycelium i27 °C, nepo tembiricha yakakwana yekukura kwekutanga iri 21 °C. Tembiricha idzi dzinoenderana nemamiriro ekunze ekunze uko kunowanikwa mhando iyi.
Iyo yakanyanya luminescence inoitika pa27 ° C, anenge maawa makumi maviri nemashanu kusvika makumi matatu nemapfumbamwe mushure mekunge primordia yatanga kuumbwa, kana chivharo chawedzerwa. Pa21 °C, ruminescence inoramba iripo kwemazuva matatu uye haioneki neziso rakashama anenge maawa makumi manomwe nemaviri mushure mekutanga.
Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezveMycena chlorophos uye maitiro ayo.