Kusimwa (transplanting) zvinoreva kubviswa kwechirimwa, kusanganisira midzi yacho, kubva pawakasimwa. Izvi zvinogara zvichipa njodzi kune chirimwa, saka haufanirwe kudzorera bonsai nekuda kwayo. Tarisa pamuti wako uye ichakupa mamwe mazano ekuti unoda here kana kwete. vanhu vazhinji vanoshamisika nguva yekudyara bonsai kuitira kuti ikure zvakanaka.
Nechikonzero ichi, isu tichakumikidza chinyorwa ichi kukuudza nguva yekudyara bonsai uye ndeapi maficha aunofanirwa kufunga nezvawo kuti uiite nemazvo.
Nguva yekudyara bonsai
Nokudyara isu tinovandudzawo simba remuti uye tinofarira kukura kwayo, izvo zvinonyanya kukosha kune bonsai, sezvo kuvagadzira ivo vanofanirwa kutsungirira mabasa akadai sekuchekerera, kupinza, kubviswa kwemashizha, maitiro emiti anodiwa kwazvo. Naizvozvo, zvinokurudzirwa kutapurirana makore ese kana maviri kune muti mudiki kana wakura, kana makore ese 1-2 kana watova muti wakakura., sebasa rekuwedzera rekuchengetedza.
Nguva yakanakisisa yekudyara ndeye apo muti unotanga kumera mushure menguva yechando yakarara. Nenzira iyi tichashandisa nguva iyo midzi inotanga kukura uye tichadzivisa njodzi yechando, iyo inonyanya kutaurwa mumiti yakabikwa.
Substrate yekuisa
Hunhu hukuru hweivhu rakanakisa rebhonsai nderekuti rinodonha zvakakwana, richibvumira pores kukura kuitira kuti midzi igone kufema. Kwazvo Inofanira kunge iri substrate ine hombe uye yakaoma kana semi-yakaoma tsanga inotora nguva kuora.
Paunenge uchigadzira musanganiswa, tinofanira kutarisira kuti inofanira kugara kwenguva yakareba sezvo bonsai inogona kuramba iri muhari imwechete pasina kuparara. Kuti uite izvi, sanganisa semi-rigid substrate seakadama ine yakaoma substrate se limestone kana paulownia.
- Miti yemashizha asina simba: 90% akadama + 10% pomice
- evergreen: 80% akadama + 20% pomice
- Conifer: 20% akadama + 80% pomice
- Muorivhi: 40% akadama + 60% pomice
Aya ma substrates ivhu reinert risingapi chikafu, saka kunze kwekudiridza, kugadzirisa kunodiwa nemushandisi nekuda kwemvura zhinji. Basa racho rakanyanya kuoma kune vanotanga, saka iwe unogona zvakare kutanga ne terrabonsai, musanganiswa wakagadzirirwa we peat, coir, dombo rekuputika kwemakomo, uye akadama inobata mvura yakawanda uye inopa chikafu.
Iyo nguva yaunowana bonsai yako ichasarudza iyo granularity yekushandisa. Kune miti midiki inenge ichangobva kuumbwa, nzvimbo yekukura yakakora inokodzera kusimudzira midzi yakasimba, nepo yakatsetseka inokura yepakati kana kuti diki mbesa inokura inenge yakakodzera miti yakura kudzora kukura kwemidzi uye zvichingodaro. .
Saizi yepoto inofanira kunge iri 2/3 yehupamhi hwese hwebhonsai. Kana hari yacho yakakurisa, zvinotora nguva yakareba kuti ivhu risvike patembiricha inodiwa pakukura kwemidzi. Mushure mekudyara, pachange paine dzimwe nzvimbo dzisina kugarwa nemidzi yemidzi munzvimbo yakanyorova kwenguva yakareba, izvo zvichaita kuti midzi iore.
Nzira yekudyara bonsai
Munguva yekusimwa tichabvisa ivhu rekare uye kutema midzi kuti iitezve, tichibvisa iyo iri mumamiriro ezvinhu asina kunaka uye midzi yekare, iyi yakasiyana nemidzi yakaisvonaka iyo ndiyo inofadza kwatiri nokuti kune mavara akawanda akasviba.
Tinogona kucheka 1/3 yemidzi yaive muhari, asi nekucheka midzi yakawanda, tinofanirawo kutema nhamba yakafanana yematavi kuti tienzanise simba remuti.
Kunyangwe isu tichizoshandisa chaiyo substrate yebhonsai yedu inodonhedza zvakanaka, kana tikapfuura nemusefa kana sieve tisati taishandisa, isu tichabvisa guruva shoma rinogona kuvhara pores.
Isu tinotora muti kubva muhari (kana iyo substrate muhari yakanyanyisa, tinogona kuibvisa ne spatula) uye tarisa rudzi rwevhu. Kana iri granular substrate, midzi yemidzi yakanyanyisa kuti isu tiite, saka tinoirega kuti iome kuitira kuti irege kukuvadza midzi, saka ivhu richawa nyore nyore. Kana iyo substrate yakanyanya viscous, inyika mumvura kwemaawa makumi maviri nemana kuti ipfave uye rega iparadzane nekuchenesa nekupfapfaidza.
Kubvisa ivhu rekare kubva pakati pemudzi bhora kunokosha zvikuru nokuti kazhinji tichave tichishandisa imwe mhando ye substrate, midzi ichawana midhiya miviri yakasiyana panguva yekukura kwavo, ine mvura yakasiyana-siyana uye kuchengetedza unyoro, izvo zvichange zvakaoma zvikuru. ivo. Vanozviona zvakaoma kurarama mumamiriro ezvinhu aya akasiyana.
Kana iyo substrate yatichashandisa iri yemhando yakafanana neiyo iripo substrate, uye kushatisa hakuna kunyanya kuomarara, isu tinogona chete kubvisa chikamu chetatu chese midzi bhora, kusanganisira kumusoro, pasi uye kumativi. Kuvhiya uku tichashandisa midzi yekuparadzira kana kunyange yakapinza bamboo skewer. Tichaka midzi ichishanda yakananga kuhunde.
Kana midzi yarongedzerwa, tichaedza kuenzanisa kukura kwavo, kuchekerera iyo yakakora zvakanyanya uye iyo yakaonda zvishoma (sezvatinogona matavi). Isu tichatora mukana wenguva ino kubvisa midzi yakafa kana yakakuvadzwa uye kugadzirisa iyo isiriyo kutaridzika kwemudzi, kushandisa zvigero zveconcave kuti uone kuti ronda rachekwa rapora zvakanaka.
Tichabvisa midzi inokura ichidzika kubva pasi uye kutsigira iyo inokura kumativi. Iyi inguva yakakosha zvikuru mukuumbwa kwenebari (root collar), sezvo isu tinongowana mukana wekuita izvi makore mashoma. Panguva yekushanda uku tinofanira kudzivirira midzi kubva pakuoma inosangana nemhepo, nokuda kweizvi tinogona kuasasa nemvura.
Kugadzirira uye kuzadzwa kwehari
Mapoto ane maburi muchikamu chezasi kuti afambise mvura, asi kuti tisarasikirwe ne substrate, isu tinofanirwa kutanga tavhara nemamwe magridi, tinoagadzirisa nemachira ewaya, tinoapfuudza muchimiro cheU, isu tichavapa. abudise mupoto kubva mukati akananga kunze kwemesh, wobva wapeta magumo mukati, woanamatira kuzasi kwepoto.
Pamusoro pezvo, tichagadzira dzimwe waya kuti dzipinde nemumakomba mamwechete (kunze kwekunge mapoto auya nemaburi nekuda kweizvi), izvi zvichatibvumira kugadzirisa muti muhari uye kufambisa midzi yawo, kudzivisa mafambiro anogona kuityora. Midzi mitsva isina kusimba.
Pazasi pepoto tichaisa dhiraivha inogadzirwa nematombo anoputika-grained kana musanganiswa wakafanana. Zvadaro tichaita murwi ne substrate yakatogadzirirwa. Isu tichaisa muti pamurwi, famba uchitenderedza zvishoma uye ona kuti ivhu rakabatana zvakanaka nemidzi.
Isu tinosarudza nzvimbo yekudyara zvakanaka uye tinodzivirira kuisa muti pakati pehari, nekuti kana oparesheni yaitwa. hatichakwanisa kuzviita zvakare kweanenge makore maviri. Tichasunga muti newaya yatakagadzirira uye tichazopedzisa kuzadza.
Tichafanira kuisuma neshanje yakapinza tsvimbo kuti tidzikise ivhu, kana tikasazviita, kunze kwekudzivisa mahomwe emhepo pakati pemidzi, ivhu revhu richadonha pakudiridza uye tichasiya midzi yemhepo.
Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezve nguva yekudyara bonsai nhanho nhanho.