Nhasi tichataura nezverudzi rwebrown gungwa iro rinonyanya kubatsira mune gastronomy. Zviri nezve iyo Porphyra. Kazhinji inowanikwa pamahombekombe ane matombo kutenderera pasirese, iyi genus inosanganisira mamwe emarudzi anowanikwa zvakanyanya munzvimbo dzinopisa uye pamapango. Musiyano mukuru weiyi algae unowanzo kuwanikwa mumatunhu ane nhunzi, nhunzi nzvimbo dzine kutonhora kwemamiriro ekunze dzinoda kudzikama. Mazhinji emhando dzerudzi urwu anoitika pagore muzhizha kana muchando.
Muchikamu chino tichaenda kukuudza zvese hunhu, kubereka uye kurima kwePorphyra.
Mhando huru
Iyo mhando yemarangi inotsigira desiccation. Kutenda nekumira neizvi, inogona kuwanikwa mumatunhu akakwirira uye akaomesesa epakati peedunhu. Kana tichitaura nezve algae hatisi kutaura nezve mashanga asi nezve thalli. Idzi nhatu dzinoonekwa zvakasununguka mune yavo yemahara mamiriro uye vane microscopic filaments iyo inokonzeresa kuchera substrate kuti urarame. Porphyra machira anogona kuita denderedzwa kana mutsetse uye anogona kuyera mashoma masendimita kana kunyangwe anopfuura mita. Izvo zvese zvinoenderana nemamiriro ezvinhu ezvakatipoteredza maanokura uye kuti anogona kukura kwenguva yakareba sei.
Ruvara runowanzosiyana zvichienderana nerudzi rwatiri kurapa. Kune zvimwe zvinosiyana pakati pingi, tsvuku, yero, shava uye green. Aya mavara ekupedzisira anowanikwa kazhinji munzvimbo dzinopindirana. Hupenyu hwekutenderera kwePorphyra hwakaomarara. Iyo ine diki microscopic nhanho mune iyo diploid uye inozivikanwa nezita rekuti conchocelis Chaive chakachenuruka chidiki chine matavi akafema. Pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu akanangana ezvakatipoteredza iwo mafilamenti avanazvo anokwanisa kugadzira matavi ari kuzvimba anonzi conchosporangia.
Nzira yekuwanza inozviita kuburikidza meiosis. Maitiro aya anoitika mune yega yega conchospora uye anokura kuita nyowani Porphyra thalluses. Mune mamwe marudzi, monospores inogadzirwa kumahombekombe eiyo thallus uye iyo laminae inobereka pabonde. Zygote inopatsanurwa kuita bundle yemasero ediploid anozivikanwa secarposporangium. Ndiyo diploid carpospores inosunungurwa kubva ku carposporangias kuti igadzire diploid maseru masumbu uye conchocelis mafiramu kuti ararame mumwaka wezhizha.
Range uye pekugara kweiyo Porphyra
Munzvimbo yeChina, iyo Porphyra haitanensis misiyano inowanikwa munzvimbo yekumaodzanyemba, nepo mhando dzeyezoensis dzinowanikwa kuchamhembe. Ivo vane nhanho inozivikanwa se nori uye inosanganisira iyo thallus yemarudzi. Idzi thalli dzinowanzo buda mumatsutso uye kutanga kwechando, kunyanya pamahombekombe ane matombo. Mbeu dzinoburitswa muchikamu che conchocelis uye dzakazara.
Mamiriro akakwana ekuvandudza erudzi urwu rwealgae kazhinji anosiyana. Aya mamiriro akapfupikiswa se tembiricha, munyu uye pasi mwenje kusimba. Chinhu chakasarudzika ndechekuti madzinde madiki anogona kumira kutsetseka kwakanyanya kupfuura paanenge ari munhu mukuru. Iwo tembiricha yakaderera inowanzo kupa kukura kwakajairika kwezvose zviri zviviri zvipenyu, zvese kuchamhembe uye nezuva. Zvakawanda kana zvishoma tembiricha zviri pakati -3 uye 8 madhigirii. Kuwedzera kwechiedza kwakanyanya kwakanakira kukura kwezvose zviri zviviri zvipenyu. Ose marudzi emadzinde anokwanisa kutsungirira kupatsanurwa, saka kugona kwavo kurarama kwakanyanya zvakanyanya. Iyo Porphyra haitanensis mhando inogona kurarama kwevhiki kunyangwe yakarasikirwa zvinopfuura makumi manomwe kubva muzana (70%) yehunyoro hwayo hwese.
Kune idzi algae huwandu hwenhengo dzakadai senitrate kana nitrogenous ammonium hwakakosha. Uye ndezvekuti iwo algae anoda angangoita anenge 100-200 mamirigiramu eitrogen kune yega yega cubic metres yenzvimbo. Izvi zvavanoda kuti zvive zvakajairika kukura. Nekudaro, kana huwandu hwe nitrogen muvhu huri pasi pemamirigramu makumi mashanu pa cubic mita, kukura kunodziviswa.
Porphyra yekugadzira masisitimu
Nekuda kwehupenyu hwayo hwakaomarara, iyo Porphyra yekurima system yakakamurwa muzvikamu zvishanu zvakasiyana. Takatanga yekutanga nekurima kweiyo conchocelis. Shure kwaizvozvo, izvo zvinounganidzwa zvinounganidzwa kuti zvione kukura mugungwa rakavhurika. Chekupedzisira, pane zvimwe zvikamu zviviri zviri kukohwa nekugadzirisa. Ngatione kuti ndeapi masisitimu ekugadzira nhanho nhanho.
Chekutanga pane zvese, tanga nekupa mbeu. Apa ndipo panopfupiswa kurimwa kwe conchocelis. Uku kurima kunoitwa mumatanho maviri. Yokutanga inoitika kunze kwenyika mumwedzi waMay kusvika Gumiguru. Pakati pemwedzi iyi, iyo conchocelis inorimwa uye iyo conchospores inogadzirwa. Chikamu chechipiri kubva muna Gumiguru kusvika Chivabvu. Iyi nhanho ine kusangana mukati mekurimwa kwediki thallus mumunda.
Pakati paMay Asia clam yakasimwa kuti igone kuomesa iyo conchocelis ichisunungura iyo conchospores. Kumiswa kweiyi kunowanzo saswa pane substrate. Iyo substrate inogona zvakare kunyudzwa mukumiswa. Iko kurima kunowanzoitwa mumatangi makuru, akareba, asina kudzika. Izvo zvinodikanwa kuchengetedza dura remvura yegungwa yemasendimita makumi matatu ayo akamboiswa pasi sedimentation. Nitrogen uye phosphate zvinovaka muviri zvinowedzerwa pamvura yegungwa iyi iyo yakawana sedimentation, izvo zvakakosha kuti Porphyra ikure zvakanaka.
Mune ino nhanho yekuumbwa, iyo tembiricha haiwanzo kudzorwa zvakawandisa uye inogona kusiyana zvichienderana netembiricha yenharaunda Zvisinei, zvinozivikanwa kuti kukura kana kukwana kunoitika pakati pe20-25 madigiri ekupisa. Mukupera kwaMay uye kutanga kwaJune tembiricha inowanzo kukwidziridzwa kusvika pamadhigirii makumi maviri nematatu kufambisa kukura kwemuriwo. Mwedzi unotevera kusimba kwechiedza kwakaderedzwa kusimudzira kuumbwa kweiyo conchosporangias. Aya ma conchosporangias ane basa rekuburitsa iyo conchospores. Pakupera kwaNyamavhuvhu tembiricha inogadziriswazve kusimudza kusvika pamadhigirii makumi maviri nemasere uye tembiricha inoderedzwa zvakare mwedzi unotevera.
Maitiro ekudiridza
Maitiro akati wandei anoshandiswa kukodza iwo algae uye ane yakakura nzvimbo:
- Inoyerera system: Inoshandiswa muJapan uye ndeye mambure anobatanidza maboys anoyangarara pamusoro pegungwa kuitira kuti madzinde agare akanyudzwa mumvura.
- Semi zvinoyangarara hurongwa: iko kusanganiswa kweiyo inoyerera system ine mambure akagadziriswa. Yakashandiswa zvakanyanya muChina.
- Fixed network: Iwo mambure akaremberedzwa pakati pematanda uye pamvura yakadzika vanoiswa kumhepo kuti iome. Iyi mhando yetsika inongobvumidzwa kune zvemukati zvikamu zvemabay ane akadzika, ane jecha-akaputirwa mabhodhoro.
Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezve Porphyra nehunhu hwayo.