Zvese zvipenyu vanorongerwa mumapoka akati wandei ane madanho akasiyana ehukama. Muumambo hwezvirimwa, iwo akasiyana siyana maseru anosanganisira kirasi, kurongeka, mhuri, genus, uye marudzi.
Chinangwa chemazita kuronga nyika yezvirimwa uye mazhinji ane mhando mbiri dzemazita: zvakajairika uye botanical.
Mhando dzemazita emiti
Zita rakajairika
Zita rakajairika remuti iri nyore kududza uye inotsanangurwa kwazvo. Mazita akaita sekubuda ropa kwemoyo uye ndebvu dzembudzi zvinopa ruzivo rwehunhu hwemuti kana chitarisiko.
Mazita akafanana vari mumitauro yakasiyana siyana uye hazvina kunyorwa nenzira ipi zvayo. Ivo vanowanzo kuvhiringidza, nekuti chirimwa chimwe chete chinogona kuve nemazita akasiyana munzvimbo dzakasiyana.
Botanical zita uye binomial zita remazita
Kwemakore anopfuura mazana maviri, iyo yekumisikidza modhi yeiyo botanical nomenclature kana zita resainzi remuti, yakatangwa naLinnaeus (1707-1778.
Linnaeus akarerutsa maitiro ekutumidza mazita kuburikidza ne "binomial" system. Padanho rakareruka rekupatsanura kwesainzi, chirimwa chimwe nechimwe chine zita rebhodani rakaumbwa nezvikamu zviviri, zita regeneric kana genus, uye epithet chaiyo.
Pamwe chete vanozivikanwa se binomial uye nekokorodzano, zita racho rinodhindwa mumitauro yakatsveyama.
Gender
Izwi rekutanga rinomiririra boka hombe pane chirimwa, genus, uye tsamba yekutanga inogara iine hukuru. Ivo vari kazhinji mune latíAya haasi mazwi akasvinudzwa kubva kune mimwe mitauro, kunyanya chiGiriki.
Mhando
Izwi repiri nderudzi uye tsamba yayo yekutanga yakanyorwa nemavara madiki. Zita rezvipenyu rinowanzo tsanangura chimwe chikamu chemuti, semuenzaniso: hawthorn Crataegus misouriensis, Yakatumidzwa zita redunhu reMissouri.
Maruva ndiwo chikamu chemuti unonyanya kushandiswa mazita. Nekuziva mazwi emaruva, iwe unozoziva mazita mazhinji emiti. Muenzaniso ruvara, nekudaro iyo yakajairika mhuka 'lactiflora' kana 'alba' zvinoreva chena, 'lutea' yero, 'purpurea' yepepuru uye 'rubrum' tsvuku.
Kana murume kana murume achinge ashandiswa mundima inogona kupfupikiswa, senge S. inopenya. Rudzi rusingazivikanwe kana kusazivikanwa mune genus Sage, ingadai yakanyorwa sa Salvia sp. Kana zvinopfuura chimwe chisikwa chakatsanangurwa muiyo genus, zvino zvinonyorwa Salvia spp., Iine maviri p.
Dzimwe nguva mune yekudyara taxonomy iwe uchaona zita rechitatuMumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, isu tiri kungo taura zvakanyanya, tichifunga musiyano uri mukati merudzi. Kazhinji, iri zita rechitatu rinoratidza chakarimwa chakasiyana; chichaonekwa mune imwechete makotesheni uye tsamba yayo yekutanga inozobatwa, zvisinei, dzimwe nguva, iri zita rechitatu rinoratidza zvakasiyana siyana.
Zita remhando dzakasiyana rinotungamirwa nechidimbu "var". Kunze kwekunge zita rakasiyana izita chairo, tsamba yayo yekutanga haina kunyorwa. Kunge zita rejenasi uye epithet chaiyo, iro zita rakasiyana rinenge riri mumitauro yakatsveyama.
ari Mbeu dzakauchikwa kana michinjikwa pakati pemarudzi akasiyana siyana, vanopihwa mazita akasarudzika anotungamirwa ne x. Dzimwe nguva rimwe izwi rinowedzerwa mushure mezita rezita uye epithet isina kukosheswa kana kuiswa makotesheni. Inoreva zita remunhu akatanga kutsanangura chirimwa. Aya mazita dzimwe nguva anopfupikiswa. Kana zita racho rakapfupikiswa sa "L", zvinoreva kuti "Linnaeus."
Mhuri
Kunyange zvakadaro binomial nomenclature chete inosanganisira genus uye zvipenyuIzvo zvinobatsirawo zvikuru kuziva kuti chirimwa ndechipi chiri chemhuri.Ichi chinhu chakakosha kubatsira pakuzivikanwa kwemiti, nekuti padanho remhuri, vanowanzove nehunhu hwakafanana.
Mhuri dzeBotanical vakatumidzwa mazita vachishandisa chiLatin chipauro chinoguma "aceae" uye chipikisheni chinowanzo tsanangura hunhu hwakakurumbira kana hunhu hwemhuri. Mazita emhuri anogara achitanga nevara guru uye anonyorwa mune zvakajairwa script, semuenzaniso Fabaceae - akatumidzwa zita raFaba (bhinzi)