Wetland

Pakati pezvisikwa zvakasikwa zvakakosha zvikuru pakuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza uye pakuchengetedza zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana pane materu. Gore rega rega chinangwa ndechekuita kuti vanhu vazive nezve kukosha kwekugona kuchengetedza izvi zvakasikwa zvisikwa. Nechikonzero ichi, Zuva reWetlands Day rinocherechedzwa mwedzi waKukadzi 2. A wetland Iyo ecosystem iyo ivhu rinoratidzika rinogara zvachose kana nguva nenguva mafashama nemvura. Izvi zvinogona kuitika zvese mune yakachena mvura ecosystems uye mune dzimwe nzvimbo uko kune imwe nhanho yemunyu.

Muchinyorwa chino tichaenda kukuudza kuti chii nzvimbo nyorova, hunhu hwayo hukuru uye kukosha kwayo.

Chii chinonzi wetland

Iyo yakasikwa ecosystem iyo inovaka iyo ecological muyero iyo ine ivhu sehwaro iyo inosara nguva nenguva kana zvachose mafashama. Aya ecosystems anogona kuitika zvese munzvimbo dzine mvura nyowani uye munzvimbo dzine brackish mvura. Kutenda nehunhu uhwu, iyo nyowani inokwanisa kuchengetedza huwandu hwakawanda hwezvinhu zvipenyu nekupa hupfumi hwepanyama husingaenzane.

Kukosha kwematope kunooneswa pazuva repasirese sezvo riine kukosha kukuru kune ramangwana redu muhupenyu husingaperi. Iyo nyorova inogona kuve yakasikwa uye inogadzirwa nevanhu. Mimwe mhando yematope emunyika anogona kuwedzerwa matope, mamwe marwadzi nenzvimbo dzawo dzekumhara, peatlands, nezvimwe. Kune rimwe divi, tinogona kuona materu akagadzirwa kana kushandurwa neruoko rwemunhu. Ivo vane hunyanzvi hwekugona kuchengetedza mvura zvese zvenguva pfupi uye zvechigarire chero bedzi nharaunda mamiriro akatendera.

Kazhinji aya marudzi ematope akavakwa zvinogadzirwa nechinangwa chekukwanisa kuchengetedza zvipenyu zvakasiyana zviri panjodzi yekutsakatika. Izvo zvinoitwawo nekuda kwevashanyi kuitira kuti ipe sevhisi yezvakatipoteredza uye nekubatsira kufambisa hunhu hwekuchengetedza zvisikwa.

Mhando dzemvura

Sezvo matope aya akapfuma kwazvo, ave chishandiso chakakosha chekuchengetedza zvisikwa. Kune mhando dzakasiyana dzematope dzakarongwa zvinoenderana nerudzi rwemvura padzinogadzirwa nehumwe hunhu hwatinozotevera. Musiyano mukuru pakati pemhando dzematope ndiyo mhando yemvura. Isu takawana nzvimbo yemvura yakachena uye ine brackish mvura nyoro. Tinogona zvakare kusiyanisa pakati pesango nemanyowa emvura.

Ngatione kuti ndeapi marudzi akasiyana emanyowani:

• Rwizi kana rwizi rwenyorova: aya ndiwo matope ane hunhu hwepanyama uye mhando dzemvura yakachena. Kazhinji inoumbwa nenzizi, hova, uye mapopoma.
• Dziva renzvimbo dzemvura: Iwo ndeaaya akaumbwa kuburikidza nemadhamu uye mamwe masango emvura nemvura nyowani.
• Tropical palustres: idzi ndidzo dzinosanganisira dzimwe nzvimbo dzine zvitubu zvidiki, oases, mafashama emvura, masango ane madutu, matope nemachakwi zvese zvemwaka uye zvechigarire. Hunhu hukuru hwemhando idzi dzematope ndeyekuti ese ane kwayakabva uye mvura iri nyowani.
• Nzvimbo nyoro dzeMarine: sekutaura kwaro izwi kuti iwo materu echisikigo asi anoumbwa nemvura yemunyu. Iwo anowanzo kuwanikwa munzvimbo dzemahombekombe nemvura isina kudzika yegungwa senge mamwe mahombekombe ane matombo, mahombekombe ane jecha uye dzimwe nzvimbo dzine mavhu.
• Mitsetse: nzizi zhinji dzinoumba nzizi pamberi pemuromo wayo wekupedzisira uye dzimwe nzvimbo dzine nyoro dzinogadzirwa. Hunhu hwavo hukuru ndewekuti ivo vanoumbwa nemvura ine munyu kubva kumahombekombe uye ndeye yakasikwa mavambo. Dzimwe nguva inokwanisa kugadzira mvura yemunyu kana nzvimbo dzemangrove.
• Mvura yemunyu nyanza nyorova: Inotaridzika zvakanyanya senge yapfuura, asi ese madziva nemadhamu ane brackish sezvaanowanikwa munzvimbo dzemahombekombe. Ivo zvakare vane echisikigo mavambo.
• Chakagadzirwa: aya ndiwo materu anogadzirwa kubva kumabasa emunhu nechinangwa chekuchengetedza kana kudzora imwe vhoriyamu yemvura. Pano tinogona kuona dzimba dzekuchengetedza nemadhamu. Ivo vanogona zvakare kuve nechinangwa chekuchengetedza imwe huwandu kana mhando dzemhando dzakachengetedzwa nemhuka.

Hunhu hwenharaunda

Kuti ecosystem ifungidzwe semvura nyoro, inofanira kusangana neanotevera maitiro:

• Ivo vanoonekwa nzvimbo dzekushanduka kana shanduko inofambira mberi pakati pemasisitimu emvura uye epasi. Ndokunge, ivo vanoonekwa seakasangana ecosystems sezvo ivo vachichengeta mamwe maitiro eese maviri ecosystem uye imwe. Isu tinowana zvimwe zvikamu zvakanyatso tarisa pane ecosystem yepasi uye zvimwe zvakatarisa pane ecosystem yegungwa.
• Idzo nzvimbo dzemafashama saka dzinogona kuve zvenguva pfupi kana zvechigarire nzvimbo. Nzvimbo dzenguva pfupi dzinoitika munzvimbo idzodzo nehumwe kushushikana kunofashukira zviri nyore kana kuchinaya zvakanyanya.
• Mvura yematope Inofanira kunge iri mvura inomira, iine mafashama madiki, emvura nyoro kana emunyu uye inosanganisira nzvimbo diki dzemumvura dzine imwe yakadzika. Mvura ine mvura inogona kuva nemhepo yakadzika kwazvo. Kazhinji kuita uku hakupfuuri 6 metres.
• Muganho wenyorovi unotemerwa nerudzi rwezvinomera zvainazvo munzvimbo yega yega. Izvo zvinomera zviri hydrophilic, ndiko kuti, zvinoda gwara rakanaka kumvura. Izvo zvakare zvinokwanisika kusiyanisa isiri-hydrophilic zvinomera uye izvo zvinomiririra muganho wenyowani panoguma imwe ecosystem uye inotanga nenzvimbo yepasi pega nharaunda.
• Wetlands iyo ndiyo nzvimbo yakakodzera yenhamba yakakura yezvipenyu mune iyo shiri dzinofamba dzinouya kubva kumatota akapoterera pasirese kuzodya nekuzorora dzinomira. Tinogona zvakare kuwana mhuka nemhuka dzakadai senge mhuka, zvinokambaira, amphibian, hove uye zvipembenene.

Kukosha kwezvakatipoteredza

Sezvatakambotaura, mune hunyoro ndiyo ecosystem ine kukosha kukuru kwekuita chaiko kwekuita kwechisikigo. Uye ndezvekuti ivo vane basa rekukwanisa kutora huwandu hwakawanda hwezvakasiyana zvezvose shiri, hove uye mamwe mapoka emhuka. Ivo zvakare vanogadzira idzo mhando dzemaruva dzinoenderana nemvura.

Kana isu tikawedzera kukosha mukati mepasi pemunhu, matoro anoshanda kugadzira nzvimbo dze kugadzirwa kwechikafu uye inoda huwandu hwakawanda hwemvura pakurimwa kwayo sezvinoitwa mupunga. Zvimwe zvinhu zvakakosha mukuchengetedza humidity ndiko kudzora kweiyo hydrological kutenderera, ese epamusoro uye emvura. Inoshingairira kutora chikamu mukutonga kwevhu uye kudzora kwehutachiona hutenderera.

Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda pamusoro pekuti chii chinonzi wetland uye kukosha kwayo.