arundo donax

Esinye sezona zixhaphakileyo zezityalo esele zikho ngoku sithathwa njengesityalo esihlaselayo. Ingcongolo eqhelekileyo. Igama layo lenzululwazi ngu arundo donax. Njengoko uyazi, sisityalo esisetyenziswe ngokubanzi ukwenza iibhasikiti, izixhobo zomculo, inkxaso yemithi yeziqhamo, abafundisi bezinye izityalo njengokunyuka kwezityalo, njl. Ayilinyelwanga iinjongo zokuhombisa kodwa ngenjongo ethile. Inxibelelene nokusingqongileyo kuba kukho iintlobo ezininzi zeentaka ezihlala okanye ezilala kwiibhedi zengcongolo.

Kule nqaku siza kukuxelela yonke into ofuna ukuyifumana arundo donax kwaye kutheni ithathwa njengesityalo esingafunekiyo.

Iimpawu eziphambili

Ingcongolo eqhelekileyo inokusetyenziswa okunomdla kwiinjongo zamandla. Isetyenziselwa ukutshiswa njengamafutha kwii-biomass boilers. Okwangoku arundo donax Kulinywe kwingingqi yethu kwaye ngoku kuqhelekile. Singayifumana kuninzi zinobushushu kwaye azibandi kakhulu kwimimandla, nakwiindawo eziphantsi komhlaba kunye nakweleenjiko zazo zombini ihemispheres. Eyona ndawo ininzi ikuyo yonke iArc yeMeditera neCalifornia.

Kuyaziwa ngobuninzi bamagama aqhelekileyo afana ne-cañavera, i-bardiza, i-carda, i-cane enkulu, i-cane enkulu, i-caneveira, i-canabela, i-canaberra, i-garritza, i-caña vera, i-cañavana, njl. Inzalelwane eMpuma nakuMzantsi Asia. Yeyosapho lakwaGramamineae. Ine-rhizome enamandla, engqindilili kunye nexesha elide. Yiyo loo nto isebenza njenge Amafutha afanelekileyo ekusebenziseni ii-biomass boilers.

Inamandla amakhulu okuba, ngokuxhomekeke kwiimeko ezikhulayo, inokukhula ukusuka kwi-2 ukuya kwi-6 yeemitha ukuphakama. Bahlala beqhubeka ngaphezulu konyaka kwaye ngokulandelayo baphume ngaphandle. Iziqu zibizwa ngokuba yimijelo kwaye zinemingxunya kwaye zenziwe ngamaqhina qho nge-10 ukuya kwi-30 cm ubude. Ngamaqhina ayinika uzinzo oluyidingayo. Ngaphandle koko, azinakukhula kubude.

Irhizome inembonakalo yenyama kwaye isebenza ukugcina iicarbohydrate. Ngokwesiqhelo ikhula kubunzulu obuphakathi kwe-5 kunye ne-15 cm. Bayakwazi ukungena emhlabeni ngaphezulu kwemitha enye. Iirhizomes zikhula ngokuthe tyaba kwaye ziphume ngaphandle ukuze zilungelelanise iinxalenye ze-substrate yezityalo ezikhuphisanayo. Ngesi sizathu yaziwa namhlanje njengesityalo esingafunekiyo.

Ukuphindaphinda

Ngokukwazi ukuchuma kakuhle kwezi meko sinazo kwiMeditera kunye namandla alo okuphezulu endalo, ityhalela emva ezinye iintlobo zemveli. Ukudubula kwe arundo donax yenzeka ngeenyanga zikaSeptemba ukuya kweyoMnga. Iintyatyambo ezincinci ziyenziwa kwaye siyazibona ziqokelelwe kumaqela amathathu. Le yindlela ezenza ngayo ezinye i-spikelets ezivelisa i-panicles eshinyeneyo. Umbala weentyatyambo unokuba mhlophe okanye ube mhlophe.

Iintyatyambo zivelisa imbewu engachumanga. Esi sityalo sahlulwe ikakhulu ngeendlela ze-asexual. Nje ukuba izinzile ngokwendawo kwaye yenziwe ngokwendalo, kunzima kakhulu ukuyiphelisa. Ke, sithathwa njengesityalo esihlaselayo. Banamalungu amaninzi anamandla amakhulu okugcina kwaye benza ukuba i-canes iphinde ihlume ngamandla kwaye ngokukhawuleza.

Ukuphindaphinda kwabo akwenziwa ngembewu kuba uninzi lwazo luzivelisile. Ngenxa yoku, eyona ndlela isetyenziswayo ukuphinda-phinda ingcongolo yindlela ye-asexual. Kungenziwa ngeendlela ezininzi:

• Ukuqulunqwa kweziqu eziqingqiweyo. Kulolu hlobo, siyaziphula iingcambu ngokwazo ngokulala phantsi kwaye sidibane nomhlaba osemhlabeni. Izityalo ezizelweyo ziya kuthabatha ingcambu kwaye zihlume kwiindawo esele zinazo iinzwane.
• Ukukhula kwerhizome. Le ndlela icotha kancinci. Nangona kunjalo, umandlalo wengcongolo unokwandiswa ngengcongolo enye. Iirhizomes ziyanda ziye kwiisentimitha ezimbalwa ukusuka emhlabeni kwaye kulapho kuphuma khona imisimelelo emitsha.
• Iziqwengana zerhizome entsha. Ivumela ukuba ikoloni yeendawo ezintsha kuba iziqwenga zerhizome ziyakwazi ukuhluma kwakhona.

Ukulima kwe arundo donax

Nangona inesakhono esomeleleyo sokwanda, masibone ukuba ufuna ntoni kulimo. Kuyacetyiswa ukuba ube nendawo kwilanga elipheleleyo. Ukuba isithunzi siqhubeka kakhulu, ngekhe ubenakho ukusithwala. Ayifuni kakhulu emhlabeni. Ufuna nje ukufuma okuqinisekisiweyo kunye nomhlaba ococekileyo. Ayikuxhasi ukugcwala kwamanzi, ke kufuneka ulumkele ukunkcenkceshela.

Iyakwazi ukuphila kwimihlaba enetyuwa ethe chu, ngenxa yoko ngekhe sibe neengxaki ukuba sikwiindawo ezingaselunxwemeni. Ukuba imimoya ayilulo ulwandle, awuyi kuba nangxaki nayo. Bafuna iindawo ezinomswakama ukuhambelana nendawo abahlala kuyo yendalo. Nangona kunjalo, kungcono ukuba ungabakhukulisi okanye baya kugqiba ukubola.

ESpain inokuphuhliswa ngokulula kwiindawo ezikufutshane neMeditera. Ke siyayibona loo nto Iziqu zerhizome azinakukhula zingaphantsi kweedigri ezisixhenxe. Kuyafana ukuba ubushushu bungaphezulu kwe-30 degrees. Ke ngoko, kwimimandla yeMeditera, apho amaqondo obushushu athambile njengoko ulwandle lusebenza njengesilawuli se-thermal, bahlala kakuhle kakhulu.

Ukuvuna kweengcongolo kuqhutywa ngokwenza isiseko esincinci kubo. Yenziwa ngexesha lasebusika, xa ezi ngcongolo zomile kwaye ziphawulwe.

Iminqweno yomhlanga oqhelekileyo

Enkosi ngomsebenzi werhizome njengeziko eligcinelweyo ngexesha lelona xesha lonyaka lingathandekiyo, iyakwazi ukwanda ngendlela engakholelekiyo. Ikwanokuchasana okukhulu nomlilo kwaye iyakwazi ukuphinda ihlume emva komlilo.

Ingxaki yokwandiswa kweebhedi zeengcongolo kukuba, ngokunciphisa ukukhanya kokukhanya, ayikuvumeli ukukhula kwezinye izityalo. Ngaloo ndlela, i arundo donax linoxanduva lokuyila indalo ehlwempuzekileyo kwizityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo. Kwakhona kunqabile kwizilwanyana, kuba iibhedi ezinkulu zeengcongolo kunzima ukungena kuzo.

Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi ungafunda ngakumbi malunga nengcongolo eqhelekileyo.