Ngokuqinisekileyo sele uzame ngesinye isihlandlo i ipelepele yejalapeno. Le mifuno ithandwa kakhulu kwiivenkile ezahlukeneyo, ngakumbi eMexico. Kuyothusa kakhulu ukuba ngamanye amaxesha inokuhlaba ngakumbi kunabanye, kutheni kunjalo?
Kule post siza kuchaza yintoni kanye kanye ipepile yejalapeno kwaye injani ukulinywa kwayo. Ukongeza, siya kuxubusha indlela enongwe ngayo kwaye kutheni inokuhlaba ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi. Ukuba uziva unomdla omncinci, ndincoma ukuba uqhubeke ufunda.
Yintoni ipepile yejalapeno?
Ipepile yejalapeno ifumana eli gama kuba imveliso yayo yemveli yenziwa eXalapa, isixeko saseMexico esiseVeracruz. Ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-chile cuaresmeño kunye Zizintlobo ngeentlobo zetshilisi ezisetyenziswa kakhulu kwaye zilinywa kwilizwekazi laseMelika. Lilizwe laseMexico kuphela elinikezela ngeehektare ezingaphezulu kwamawaka amathandathu kumasimi ale mifuno, eyona mimandla ivelisa kakhulu indawo yaseDelicias kunye nommandla okwindawo yomlambo iPapaloapan. Isityalo sesodidi ICapsicum, leyo nayo iyinxalenye yosapho lweSolanaceae.
Ngokumalunga nobukhulu bepepile yejalapeno, ihlala ilinganisa malunga neesentimitha ezilishumi ubude, ngelixa isiseko sayo siqhele ukwenza malunga neesentimitha ezintathu ububanzi. Ngumfuno omde, onenyama kwaye oqinileyo. Ukuqwalasela inkangeleko yayo ekhangayo kunye nenqanaba layo eliphezulu elimnandi, ayimangalisi into yokuba idume kakhulu kwi-gastronomy yehlabathi. Kakade ke, asiyiyo inkalakahla yomntu wonke. Abo baneziqholo ezincinci kufuneka bakuphephe ukutya le mifuno.
Ipepile yejalapeno isetyenziselwa ukupheka ngaphambi nangemva kokuvuthwa kwayo. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ipesenti ephezulu yemveliso epheleleyo yale mifuno Isetyenziselwa ukomisa. Yindlela yokugcina ukutya. Ngokusisiseko yinkqubo apho amanzi akhutshwa kwimifuno. Ipepile yejalapeno eye yadlula kule nkqubo ibizwa ngokuba yi "chipotle pepper", eya kuguqulelwa njenge "chili etshayiweyo".
Inkcubeko
Njengoko sele sikhankanyile, eyona mimandla ivelisa i-jalapeno pepper Delicias, ekwilizwe laseChihuahua, kunye nePapaloapan river basin, eseVeracruz. Apho, akukho zityalo zolu hlobo kuphela ezityalwa minyaka le, kodwa kunye neendidi ezahlukeneyo. Kwezo ndawo apho ezi zityalo zityalwe phantsi kokunkcenkceshela, izivuno zihle kakhulu, zifikelela kwisivuno esimalunga neetoni ezingama-25 kwihektare nganye etyaliweyo.
Ngaphandle kwale mimandla ivelisa ipepile enkulu yejalapeno, kukwakho nezinye apho ukulima kunomlinganiselo omncinci. Ezi zezinye iindawo ezincinci kumazwe aseChiapas, eSinaloa, eSonora, eNayarit naseJalisco. Ummandla uwonke abawabele ukulinywa kwepepile yejalapeno malunga newaka leehektare.
Njengoko kudla ngokuba njalo kwimihlanganisela yezinye iindidi zepepile, i-jalapeno pepper nayo idla ngokutyalwa ngaphambi kokuba ixesha elimanzi liqale. Ukongeza, amaqondo obushushu aphezulu alungile kakhulu kule mifuno. Ngokuphathelele ukuvuna, ngokuqhelekileyo kwenzeka malunga neentsuku ezingamashumi asixhenxe emva kokuhlwayela. Isityalo ngasinye sikholisa ukunika phakathi kwe 25 kunye ne 35 iitshilisi. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba le mifuno inomdla wokufumana i-alternaria blight okanye i-gray spot, ngoko kuyacetyiswa kakhulu ukuba uthathe amanyathelo okukhusela kunye nokubeka iliso kwisityalo.
Ishushu kangakanani ipepile yejalapeno?
Ngoku makhe siye kumbuzo osele uzibuza wona ngokuqinisekileyo uninzi lwenu: Inongwe kangakanani ipepile yejalapeno? Ngokubanzi, sinokuthi ngutata ovela kwiindidi zetshili kunye nenqanaba eliphakathi lobuqholo. Kwisikali sase-Scoville, umlinganiselo wobushushu kwipepile yetshilisi esiza kuthetha ngayo kamva, ijalapeño inamanqaku aphakathi kwe-3500 kunye ne-3600.
Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ubunzulu bokurhawuzelelwa abusoloko bufana. Iyahluka ngokuxhomekeka kwiindidi zembewu kunye neempawu zokusingqongileyo kunye nomhlaba. Yintoni ebangela ukurhawuzelelwa yi alkaloid eyaziwa ngokuba yi capsaicin. Ngokuqhelekileyo, le khompawundi yemichiza igxininiswe ngaphezu kwayo yonke into kwimbewu nakwimithambo efumaneka ngaphakathi kwechili. Ngoko ke, ukuba ezi zinto zisusiwe ngaphambi kokutya i-jalapeno pepper, umphumo we-spiciness uya kuba ngaphantsi kakhulu.
Kufuneka kuthiwe i-capsaicin ayisetyenziselwa nje ukuphumeza izitya ze-spicier. Ikwanazo neempawu zonyango. oko kuyenza ibe yinto ethandwa kakhulu kwimveliso yamayeza. Phakathi kwezi mpawu kukho i-analgesic, i-anticancer kunye nemiphumo ye-antioxidant. Ukongeza, ikwasetyenziselwa ukuvelisa irhasi yenyembezi.
Sisebenza njani isikali saseScoville?
Ngaphambi kokuba siphawule ngamanqaku epepile ye-jalapeno kwisikali se-Scoville. Kodwa yintoni kanye kanye esi sikali? Kaloku, ngumlinganiselo wobushushu obukhoyo kwitshilisi, iitshilisi kunye neepepile. Oko kukuthi: Kwiziqhamo zezo zityalo eziyinxalenye ye-genus ICapsicum, ezizezo zine capsaicin. Inani libonisa umthamo we-capsaicin onokuthi ubekhona kwaye imelwe kwiiyunithi ze-Scoville SHU (Iiyunithi zokushisa Ubushushu zeScoville). Iimveliso ezininzi eziqholiweyo, ezinje ngeesosi, zisebenzisa lo mlinganiselo njengesalathisi.
Kodwa sisebenza njani isikali se-Scoville? Bawafumana njani loo manani? Ukufumanisa ukuba ingakanani i-capsaicin kwi-chili pepper, isicatshulwa se-capsaicin sixutywa emanzini aneswekile. Le nkqubo iyaphindwa de kungabikho komiti yabavavanyi inokubona nentwana yobunongo. Ke ngoko, imalunga nenqanaba lokuchithwa kwesicatshulwa sokuqala, okanye ngamanye amagama: Inani lamaxesha ekuye kwafuneka ukuba lixutywe. Ngoko ke, ukuba liphezulu inani, kokukhona ishushu itshilisi. Njengoko uya kuba sele ucinge, le ndlela ayinakuchaneka kakhulu, kuba uvavanyo olwenziwayo luwela kwimbono yabantu ngabanye. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, nangona isikali ngamanye amaxesha sibonisa ukuba into ayirhawuzelelwanga kakhulu, umntu ongayiqhelanga unokuyibona kakhulu.
Ngaba uthanda iziqholo okanye hayi? Ukuba akunjalo, ukutya i-jalapeno pepper kunokuba yi-roulette yaseRashiya.