Uninzi lwabantu ngamanye amaxesha kuye kwafuneka batye iipistachios ngokuthe ngqo okanye ngokungathanga ngqo (kwizidlo ezilungiselelwe). Nangona iyinto yokutya ene isixa esihle sezibonelelo zempilo, bambalwa abazimisele ukukwazi esi sityalo.
Xa sithetha ngokutyala iipistachios kunye neziqhamo, sibhekisa kwimbewu yomthi we-pistachio. Oku kuhlala kunjalo zihlala ziluhlaza ngombala kunye nencasa eswiti kancinci. Ngokwethiyori, into owakha wayitya ibizwa ngokuba ngamandongomane, kodwa kwinqanaba lezityalo, iipistachios ziyimbewu ngokwazo. Makhe sibone ukuba njani kwaye nini ukutyala iipistachio.
Indlela yokutyala iipistachio?
Kuya kufuneka uyazi ukuba iinkozo zihlala zinemibala eyahlukeneyo. Oku kunokuba ngumbala otyheli kude kube bafumana ithoni eluhlaza ngakumbi. Ngokumalunga nobukhulu bayo, Into eqhelekileyo kukuba ifikelela phantse kwi-3 cm ubude kwaye malunga ne-1.5 cm ububanzi.
Namhlanje iipistachios zithandwa kakhulu kwimarike. Oku ayisiyiyo kuphela kuba kukutya okuneekhalori ezisezantsi, kodwa kananjalo Kukwasisiqhamo esomileyo esityebileyo kwii-phytosterol, ii-antioxidants, inani elifanelekileyo leevithamini, ifayibha kunye nezinye.
Ukuba uyabuza imvelaphi yesi sityalo simangalisayoUkuza kuthi ga ngoku, akukho ndawo iqinisekileyo yendawo abaqala kuyo, nangona kukho ubungqina bokuba basenokuba bavela kuMbindi weAsia.
Okwangoku, ukuthunyelwa kunye nokulinywa kwepistachio kwenzeka ikakhulu kumazwe afana ne:
- Thekhi.
- I-Iran.
- ESiriya
Kodwa kwakhona I-pistachio inokulinywa nakweyiphi na indawo eshushu okanye eyomileyo. Le yeyona nto ibalulekileyo ekukhuleni nasekulimeni kwayo. Into ephambili ekufuneka uyicacisile malunga nokuqala kwenkqubo yokutyala, kukwazi ukuba uza kuyisebenzisa na indlela yokulima ngembewu okanye izithole.
Nokuba ukhetha ntoni, zombini ezi ndlela zilula onokuzenza. Kwaye kungcono ungayenza nakweyiphi na i-nursery okanye igadi oyifunayo.
Ngoku, kukho inani Iimfuno ekufuneka uhlangabezane nazo zepistachio xa sele uyityalile, zinokuphuhliswa ngokuchanekileyo. Ezi mfuno zibandakanya:
- Unomhlaba oneempawu zesanti.
- Umhlaba okanye i-substrate kufuneka ibe nemithombo yamanzi efanelekileyo.
- Unesithuba esifunekayo sokuphucula isityalo kwaye ungachaphazeli indawo encinci okanye ubukho beentlobo ezahlukeneyo.
- Yiba nobunzulu obuyimfuneko kwisityalo, kuba luhlobo olufuna ubunzulu obukhulu kwiingcambu zalo.
- Imozulu apho kufuneka ibomile kwaye ilanga.
- Isityalo kufuneka sibekwe kubude obumalunga neemitha ezingama-500 ngaphezulu komphakamo wolwandle.
Konke oku kuya kufuneka ukunika isityalo se-pistachio, indawo elungileyo yokukhula kwakho. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba esi sisityalo esingadingi kunkcenkceshelwa rhoqo.
Ewe kuya kufuneka uyazi ukuba Iyakwazi ukumelana neminyaka emi-5 ngaphandle kokufumana ithontsi lamanzi, lisenza isityalo esikwaziyo ukumelana nembalela. Ingakumbi, kakhulu kangangokuba ingatyalwa kwaye ilinywe kwimihlaba eneempawu zetyuwa kwaye njengomzekelo singabeka uhlobo olubizwa ngokuba Iipistachio zesiTshayina.
Indlela yokukhulisa ipistachio?
Kuya kufuneka ulandele ezi ngcebiso zilandelayo ukukhula ukuba ufuna ukuphumelela xa kuziwa ekubeni Isityalo se pistachio esikhule ngokupheleleyo. Apha ngezantsi siza kukubonisa amanyathelo okanye iingcebiso onokuthi uzithathele ingqalelo.
Kufuneka utyale isityalo se-pistachio kwindawo apho Ubushushu obumiyo buphakathi kwe-30 ° -40 ° latitude. Kungenxa yesi sizathu ukuba ukulima kwayo kunzima, kuba zimbalwa kakhulu iindawo ehlabathini ezinolu phawu lwendawo.
Umhlaba apho Iya kuba sisityalo i-pistachio kufuneka ibe yisanti kwaye ibe nenkqubo yokuhambisa amanzi elungileyo kakhulu. Okukhona imeko yentlango yenziwe, kokukhona kubangcono. Ixesha lokuqalisa ukuhlwayela kusebusika. Kungenxa yokuba, ngeli xesha lonyaka, isityalo siqala inkqubo okanye imeko yokudodobala koqoqosho.
Iqondo lobushushu elifunwa sisityalo se-pistachio alikho ngaphantsi kwe -10 ° C kwaye akufuneki ukuba libe ngaphezulu kwe-40 ° C., ukuba isityalo sikulo mda, siya kuba nakho ukukhula ngokwemvelo ngokupheleleyo.
Ngexesha leenyanga zokuqala unesityalo esenziwe ngembiza (ukuba kunjalo), akunamsebenzi kangako ukuba sigcinwe kwindawo enamaqondo obushushu asezantsi. Ngapha koko, oku kungahamba indlela ende ekwenzeni ukuba iintyatyambo zibe lula.
Yazi ukuba uluphi uhlobo lwesityalo se-pistachio onaso. Oko kukuthi, ukuba sisityalo esingamadoda okanye sowasetyhini. Kodwa kuyacetyiswa ukuba, ukuba unenjongo yokuba nesityalo se-pistachio, unezo zombini izityalo ezifanayo. Oku ngesizathu esilula sokuba iyakunceda kakhulu kwinkqubo yokuhambisa ipollination kunye nayo, ukukhula kweziqhamo zayo.
Ukuba injongo yakho kukufumana isityalo esinezityalo ezininzi zepistachio, gcinani engqondweni ukuba Ukwahlula phakathi komgangatho ngamnye kufuneka ubuncinci iimitha ezisixhenxe kude, ukuba sithetha ngokwemigca, nangona unganakho ukuba kude kube ziimitha ezi-5.
Ngexesha leminyaka emi-6 yokuqala yobomi, kuya kufuneka usithene isityalo. Oku kuyifumana ukufumana imilo ethile. Emva koko ayizukuphinda ibekho yimfuneko, njengoko isityalo siza kube siphuhlile kunye nemilo oyinike yona kwiminyaka yayo yokuqala yobomi.
Ngokunkcenkceshela isityalo, oku kuyakuxhomekeka kakhulu kukwahluka onako. Kodwa ngokubanzi, isityalo soku sifuna phakathi kwama-300 ukuya kuma-600 mm wamanzi ngonyaka. Kwimimandla apho okusingqongileyo kuyinkqantosi, kuyacetyiswa ukuba unkcenkceshelo kube yi-4000 yeekyubhiki mitha zamanzi ngonyaka kwaye kufuneka ibekho kube kanye ngeveki. Oku kuyacaca qho xa sithetha ngamasimi abanzi.
Ngombulelo kwiimpawu ezibonakalayo zesityalo, I-pistachio iyamelana kakhulu nezinambuzane nezifo. Nangona zizinambuzane kuphela ezithanda ukuluma iziqhamo kuphela ezonakalisa ukuthembeka kwesityalo.
Nje ukuba isityalo sikwazi ukuvelisa iziqhamo, Ezi kufuneka ziqokelelwe ekupheleni kuka-Agasti okanye zisilele oko, ekuqaleni kuka-Septemba.. Kufanelekile ukuba sikhankanye ukuba ingqokelela kufuneka yenziwe ukuba isiqhamo sinento ethile kunye nayo imibala ebomvu-tyheli kwaye xa uqaphela ukuba iqokobhe livulekile kancinci.
Ngale datha, ngoku ukulungele ukutyala kunye nokukhula kwepistachio. Kuyacetyiswa ukuba unayo indawo enkulu ukuze ungapheleli kwikopi enye, Kodwa ukuba nemizekelo eliqela, ethi yona kule minyaka idlulileyo, ivelise ipistachio eyoneleyo yokusebenzisa ngokwakho kwaye kutheni ungathengisi kancinci kwaye uvelise inzuzo engenziwanga.