Umthi wemvula (Samanea saman)

Samane saman ngumthi oyinxalenye yenkcubeko yamazwe amaninzi ashushu Yaziswa kwihlabathi liphela apho iimeko zemozulu zophuhliso lwazo zikhona.

Kule nqaku wena Siza kubonisa zonke iimpawu zayo, indawo yokuhlala apho ifumaneka kakhulu kwaye uya kufunda nangezinye iipropati zonyango lo mthi mkhulu unempilo yabantu.

Iimpawu ze Samane saman

Ufuna ukwazi omnye weyona mithi ibalaseleyo kwimimandla yetropiki ye-Central America, ngenxa yobume bayo bokuhombisa kunye nomgangatho womthunzi wayo?

Samanea saman ngumthi ophakamileyo, ukulinganisa phakathi kwe-20 kunye ne-45 yeemitha malunga, esiqwini sayo sinobubanzi obuziimitha ezimbini kwaye ukumila kwesithsaba sayo yeyona nto inika uphawu lwejenali enkulu yezithunzi, kuba inemilo yeambrela enkulu enokulinganisa malunga neemitha ezingama-60 ubukhulu.

Inamaxolo emibala emnyama engwevu, ibonisa ukuqhekeka nkqo kunye nokuxobuka kwiiflakes ezimile okwexande. Isiqu sawo sime ngokobumbindi kwaye isiseko saso side, sikhula ngokungalinganiyo ngenxa ye-heliotropism. Amasebe awo anokubakho ngokwemvelo okanye acoceke kwindalo.

Amagqabi

Ipulbínulo leyo Amagqabi asecaleni kwepetiole enza ezi zinto, ebumnyameni bobusuku bayavala. Amagqabi asempilweni ixesha elininzi enyakeni, nangona kumaxesha embalela anokulahleka, ngenxa yesimo sokuqaqanjelwa.

Kodwa oku kwenzeka kuphela ngelo xesha lokuba, nje ukuba iphele, umthi uwabuyisa msinyane onke amagqabi awo ukujongeka njengomthi ohlala uluhlaza kwakhona.

Amagqabi awo aluhlaza ocacileyo kwaye unokufumana izibini ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-6 isebe ngalinye, lilinganisa phakathi kwe-10 kunye ne-35 yeesentimitha ubude phakathi kwe-12 kunye ne-34 yeesentimitha ububanzi. I-petiole ineesentimitha ezili-15 ukuya kwezingama-40 ubude.

Flores

Iintyatyambo ze Samane saman zenzeka kwii-panicles zesiphelo kwaye phakathi kwemibala yayo oluhlaza mhlophe uyacaciswa, ubonakalisa kwiimeko ezininzi izithambiso ezithile ezinombala osusela emfusa ukuya kupinki.

El I-calyx yezi ntyatyambo ze-pedicellate inemilo efanayo naleyo yefaneli, Kwaye i-corolla yayo inombala ophakathi kweetoni ezibomvu nezimthubi. Kuxhomekeka kwilizwe elikuMbindi nase Mzantsi Melika apho lo mthi ufumaneka khona, iintyatyambo zawo zinokwenzeka phakathi kweenyanga ezahlukeneyo zonyaka, kodwa ngokubanzi oku kuyakwenzeka phakathi kuJanuwari ukuya ekupheleni kuka-Epreli malunga.

Iziqhamo

Este Ineziqhamo ezineempawu ezibonakala imidumba, Ezizidumba zazo ezizilungiselela ngendlela yomgama zinokulinganisa malunga neesentimitha ezingama-20 ubude kwaye zibe malunga neesentimitha ezi-2 ububanzi.

Inqaku elidibeneyo:

Yintoni isityalo semidumba?

Isiqhamo ngasinye sineembewu ezimalunga nesibhozo kwaye kwinkangeleko yazo zinemilo ethe tyaba kunye nemibala emnyama, eqala kumnyama kuye emdaka njengokukhanya. Iziqhamo ze Samane saman iya kubonakala emthini phakathi kuJanuwari nasekuqaleni kukaFebruwari ukuya kuJuni, eli lixesha eliqhelekileyo leziqhamo.

Madera

Uphawu lomthi womthi we Samane saman Ngumxhuzulane wayo ophakathi nophakamileyo. Oku kuyenza inganyangeki kakhuluUmzekelo, kuhlaselo lweentubi, ingengomthi owuthandayo kwezi. Ngokubhekisele kuhlaselo lomngundo, lo mthi nawo uyanyangeka, kwaye unakho ukophulwa ngomnye umzekelo woku.

Imibala emdaka ibaluleke kakhulu emthini.. Ngamanye amaxesha ukukhanya kwaye kwezinye kubumnyama kwindalo. Yintoni zonke iisampulu ngumthi womthi oza ngemibala esusela kumbala otyheli ukuya mhlophe.

Ukuhanjiswa kunye nendawo yokuhlala

Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, ngamazwe akuMbindi nase Mzantsi Melika apho lo mthi uvela khona. Yindawo ebanzi apho inokufumaneka khona, ukuqala emazantsi neParaguay kwaye inyukele emantla, idlula ePeru, eColombia, eVenezuela nakwamanye amazwe aphakathi de ifike eMexico.

Kodwa ayisiyiyo kuphela kwezi ndawo apho i Samane saman, kuba bebulela ubume babo bokuhombisa kunye nobungakanani besithunzi abanokuzivelisa, Ezi ziye zaziswa kwamanye amazwe ashushu kunye nehlabathi.

Ziimozulu ezinomswakama ezilungele lo mthi, nangona ikwazi ukumelana nemozulu ezithile ezomileyo, ikwazi ukuyifumana nakwiindawo ezinokufikelela kwiimitha ezili-1000 ngaphezulu komphakamo wolwandle, nemvula enokwahluka phakathi kweemitha ezingama-900 ukuya kuma-2.500 XNUMX zemvula yonyaka.

Iindawo zokuhlala apho ikhula khona banokuba namaqondo obushushu angaguqukiyo phakathi kwama-20 ° C nama-35 ° C kwaye ingakhula ngaphandle kwengxaki kwiindawo ezinokufikelela kwinyanga ezintandathu zembalela, ilahlekelwe ngamagqabi kuphela.

Umjelo sisitshixo esisisiseko sokuba umhlaba kufuneka ube nawo ukuze uphuhle. Nokuba umsele unamanzi amaninzi banokuphila kwimihlaba engenazondlo. Njengesiqhelo, iimpawu zomhlaba apho olu hlobo lomthi lukhula kakhulu Ziyahluka ukusuka kudongwe ukuya kumhlaba oyisanti, zibonisa i-pH emalunga ne-6 okanye i-7.

Konke oku inika into ebhetyebhetye kakhulu Ngokumalunga neemeko zemozulu kunye nomhlaba onokuba khona, ubukhulu becala ifumaneka kumahlathi agqithisileyo, phakathi kotyani lwendalo oluthi lubonwe lihlathi nkqu nakwiipaseji zemilambo.

Ukusetyenziswa

Ukuchwela yenye yezinto ezisetyenziswa kakhulu emthini. Samania saman, yeyakhe ukuxhathisa kunye nobungangamsha. Iinkuni zayo zisetyenziswa ngaba baqeqeshi ukwenza iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeemveliso zentuthuzelo, ezinje ngefanitshala yobunewunewu, iikhabhathi kunye nezithuba, ukufikelela kwisiphelo esihle nesimangalisayo ngenxa yemibala yaso.

Ukuma kweambrela enkulu enesithsaba sayo kwenza ukuba lo mthi usetyenziswe ngokubanzi Ukujikeleza izityalo ezifuna umthunzi. Enye yezi ikofu. Olunye usetyenziso oluhlala lunikwa lona kuba sisixhobo esikhulu somthunzi kukuhombisa iipaki, izindlu ezinkulu okanye umhlaba apho kukho izikolo, phakathi kwezinye izinto ezininzi.

Iimpawu zonyango

Phakathi kweepropathi, kukwakho nezonyango. Olona phawu luphambili kukuchasana nokudumba, ukubola, i-astringent kunye ne-antipyretic, esetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwezi mpahla kunyango lwezifo ezifana ne-eczema okanye isifo sephepha.

Imbewu yayo, ngendlela esemhlabeni zihlala zisetyenziswa njengeyeza ukunyanga umqala obuhlungu, ngelixa amagqabi awo esihlala enziwe ukuba afakwe kwi-laxatives. Ngolu hlobo, amanye amalungu, afana nexolo, angabiliswa ukunyanga iingxaki ezinjengokuqunjelwa okanye urhudo.

Kwiziqhamo, i Samane saman isebenza njenge-antimicrobial. Ukuba isetyenziswe njenge-aqueous extract inokunciphisa iintsholongwane ezibangela zonke iintlobo zeengxaki ezinxulumene nesisu. Zonke ezi ziimpawu kunye nokusetyenziswa, umthi onesithunzi sayo yenye yezona zibonwa kakhulu kwimimandla yaseMelika.