Kukho isityalo esime elunxwemeni lwemilambo kunye namachibi athe aba ngumfanekiso oqhelekileyo spike omde kunye noqeqesho cylindrical uphawu oko kuhlala kutsalwa engqondweni xa ucinga umhlaba onamanzi.
Esi sityalo si UTypha, okwaziwa ngamagama Ikati, ikatiyidi, ikhathalati yegladio okanye ikati.
Izixhobo
Amagqabi asetyenziswe iinkulungwane ukwenza iibhasikiti, izitulo kunye nezinye izinto. Iluncedo kakhulu njengezinto zomzimba.
Irhizome ityiwa kwiindawo ezininzi ezifana neBolivia nePeru, kuba inezinga eliphezulu lesitashi, amahlumela ethenda angatyiwa aphekiwe kwaye ipoleni isetyenziswa njengesongezo ekutyeni.
La UTypha o I-Cattail yayihlala ithathwa njengokhula olukhula ngokungakhethi emaphethelweni emithombo yamanzi, njengamachibi nemilambo. Nangona kunjalo, esi sityalo samandulo sihloniphekile, siyabhetyebhetye kwaye siluncedo kakhulu kokubini ebantwini nakwezinye izinto eziphilayo.
Uhlobo lwesityalo luneentlobo ezahlukeneyo kwihlabathi liphela. Zifumaneka kwiindawo ezinomgxobhozo kwaye zifumile njengendawo ezolileyo zamanzi amatsha, amachibi, amachibi, imigxobhozo, imisele kunye nemijelo.
Esi sityalo sasemanzini esineempawu zokutya, oko kukuthi, Ingca eqinileyo engapheliyoIngafikelela kwimitha enye ukuya kwisithathu ukuphakama nge-avareji yeemitha ezi-2,5, isiqu esine rhizomatous.
Iintyatyambo zi-monoecious, Oko kukuthi, Iintyatyambo eziyindoda kunye neyasetyhini kwisityalo esinye. Banophawu lwe-inflorescence yesiphelo kwaye baqulathe intambo yesilinda yeentyatyambo ezixineneyo, eyindoda ngasentla kunye nebhinqa elingezantsi.
Amagqabi alinganayo okanye agqitha kubude beepiki. Zime nkqo, ziphakathi, zihlala zihlala zisisiseko, zide, zihashe, zilula, aziphangalelanga, zicabalele, zinde kwaye zibhityile, zinendawo efanayo, enesiponji parenchyma.
Iintyatyambo zincinci kakhulu, azithandani, i-actinomorphic, kwaye ezasetyhini zi-hypogynous. Iintyatyambo zesilisa kwi spikes zifikelela kubude obufikelela kwi-40 cm ubude kunye ne-15 mm ububanzi kwaye zohlulwe kwabasetyhini nge-0,6-5 cm.
Ezi ntyatyambo zikhupha umungu kwi-tetrads okanye kwi-monads kwaye imbewu ine-endosperm yesitatshi. Isiqhamo sesityalo siyasuswa kunye nohlobo lwe-achene, Nge-acrid gynophore kunye nesimbo se-acrid.
Iindidi UTypha
La UTypha Sisityalo esisasazeke kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zehlabathi, yiyo loo nto sinamagama ahlukeneyo, iintlobo ezininzi kunye nokusetyenziswa okwahlukeneyo. Yintoni egqithisile ukubonelela ngendalo ebalaseleyo yeentaka nezinambuzane, isebenza njengezinto ezingafunekiyo kwiindlwane zeentaka kunye nokutya kweentlobo ezininzi.
UTypha latifolia
Ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-cattail, i-cattail, i-bayon cattail, ingcongolo yemethi okanye uthando kunye ne-mace yamanzi, phakathi kwabanye. Olu hlobo lukhula kwimimandla efudumeleyo yetropiki neyobushushu ukusuka kumantla omhlaba, ukuqhakaza ehlotyeni kwaye kwenzeka kwiindawo ezinomgxobhozo. Inokufikelela kubude bemitha enye enesiqingatha ukuya kwisithathu kwaye amagqabi alinganisa iisentimitha ezimbini ukuya kwezine ububanzi.
UTypha angustifolia
Olu olunye uhlobo lwaziwa ngegama eliqhelekileyo lika ikati, ikati kunye nekati. Inzalelwane kumantla e-hemisphere, ngakumbi eMntla Melika, ikwafumaneka ePeru naseChile.
Isiqu sesi sityalo siyatyiwa kwaye ithandwa kakhulu eVietnam apho bayibiza ngokuba yi-bón bón.
I-typha Rulegensis
Oku kwaye njengolunye uhlobo sisityalo esinezityalo ezingapheliyo, efumaneka kwiNtla yoMhlaba ingakumbi kwiindawo ezinemigxobhozo. Yaziswa eNyakatho Melika kwaye ithathwa njenge-subcosmopolitan.
Unonophelo kunye nokulima
Xa unayo okanye ufuna ukuba nenkcubeko ye-Anea kubalulekile ukuba wazi ezinye zeempawu zayo kwaye ulandele iingcebiso ezithile. Nangona sisityalo esinganyangekiyo ngenxa yendalo, kubalulekile ukwazi indawo yokuhlala apho zikhula lula.
Indawo ekuyo UTypha kufuneka yenziwe ngaphandle apho ifumana inani elithe ngqo lokukhanya kwelanga. Zifanele ukuba zityalwe entwasahlobo kwaye xa ubungozi beqabaka bungekho. Nangona inganyanzelisi kakhulu xa isiza emhlabeni, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ibe nomsele olungileyo.
Ukuba sisityalo sasemanzini, amanqanaba okufuma kufuneka athathelwe ingqalelo. Isityalo esiseludongeni lomlambo kufuneka sibe nesiqu esimanziNangona kunjalo, amanzi akanako ukufikelela kumagqabi okanye ubuncinci hayi kakhulu. Ukuvundisa kufuneka kwenziwe kwiinyanga ezishushu kunye neeminerali.
Ukuthengela kufanele kwenziwe xa inflorescence kunye namagqabi omile, kungcono ngesikere. Sisityalo esinganyangekiyo kwizitshabalalisi nakwizifo Kwaye inokumelana nokubanda ukuya kuthi ga kwi-4 degrees Celsius.
La UTypha Sisityalo esikhula ngokuzenzekelayo, sithathwa njengokhula nakwezinye iindawo zomhlaba njenge eArgentina bade basebenzise unyango lwamachiza ukuze babasuse.
Njengokuba sisityalo esigqalwa njenge sasendle, akukho ncwadana ikhethekileyo malunga nokulinywa kwaso, nangona kunjalo kwaye enkosi kwinto yokuba ilahlekelwe ngumhlaba omninzi ngenxa yokugawulwa kwemithi, abanye abahlali baye babhenela ekuyityalweni benolwazi olusetyenzisiweyo. mandulo.
Ukusetyenziswa kwekhatyi namhlanje
La UTypha, I-Anea okanye i-Totora ibisoloko isetyenziswa ngokwesiko kwaye yiyo loo nto kunye neebhasikithi zayo zokuhombisa, ifenitshala yenziwe kwaye kwimeko yolunye uluntu lwemveli nkqu amaphenyane amancinci.
Amahlumela ethenda e UTypha angustifolia Zityiwa njenge mifuno kwaye ziphezulu kwi-iodine. Abanye bazimisele Ukusetyenziswa kwamayeza ukulawula umkhuhlane kunye norhudo.
Okwangoku owona msebenzi umangalisayo kwesi sityalo kukuxhathisa kwii-arhente zetyhefu, ezisetyenziswa kwicandelo le-phytoremediation ngenjongo yokunyanga amanzi amdaka. Ukusetyenziswa kwayo njenge heavy phytoaccumulator yesinyithi.
Okokugqibela, kufanele ukuba kuqatshelwe ukuba isebenze njengempahla eluhlaza ukwenza iphepha iminyaka emininzi kunye nokubonakala kwayo kwaye inxulumene kakhulu nomhlaba ofumileyo. yenza ukuba ibe yinto ebalulekileyo ekuhombiseni umhlaba.
Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zeTypha zihlala zikho kwizilwanyana zasendle, kwaye ukuqonda ixabiso lazo kuya kuba Inomdla wokwazi kwendalo.