Umthi weMahogany (Swietenia)

Nabani na onolwazi oluncinci ngokunxulumene nomthi kunye nomgangatho wale nto, uyazi kwangaphambili kwaye ngokungaphezulu ukuba ayizizo zonke izityalo ezilungileyo okanye ezicetyiswayo ngokwenza umthi okanye umsebenzi wangaphakathi.

Kukho ezinye ezinganyangekiyo, ezinye ziguquguquke kwaye zineempawu ezizodwa. Kungenxa yoko le nto ifunwa kakhulu namhlanje. Kodwa ayizizo zonke izityalo ezifunwayo njenge mahogany.

Iimpawu ngokubanzi zeMahogany

Lo mthi ubonakaliswa ngokufikelela kubude obukhulu xa sele ufikelele ekuvuthweni okupheleleyo. Ingakhula iye phakathi kwe-20 kunye ne-50 yeemitha ukuphakama kwaye luhlobo lodidi oluhlala luhlaza, oko kukuthi, lomelele kakhulu.

Malunga nokumila kwamagqabi ayo, ezi ziyilo lwepineti kwaye zithambile kunene xa uchukumisa. Zicwangciswe ngokudibeneyo kunye nendlela enye. Imilinganiselo yala magqabi ingaqala kwi-10 kuye kwi-30 cm ubude, kuxhomekeke kubukhulu bomthi kunye neemeko zokusingqongileyo.

Isizathu sokuba i-mahogany isetyenziswe njengezinto zokwakha iinqanawa, ifenitshala, kunye nokunye kungenxa indlela ethe ngqo ngayo sisiqu sayo kunye nokuqina koku. Kodwa isiqu sawo asikuphela kwento enamandla amakhulu, kodwa ngamasebe awo.

Ukudubula kwezi ntlobo kwenzeka phakathi kwenyanga kaMatshi noJuni. Ngeli xesha, uya kuba nakho ukuqaphela iintyatyambo, kodwa endaweni yoko, isiqhamo se-mahogany senzeka ngoDisemba kuphela.

Le ikhangeleka ifana kakhulu nemedlar, kodwa ngokungafaniyo nesi siqhamo, sikhulu kwaye ngaphakathi kwesiqhamo sigcina malunga neembewu ezingama-55. Ubungakanani besi siqhamo bunokufikelela ngokulula kwi-7 cm ubude.

Iindidi zeMahogany

Kuyinyani: umthi we-mahogany awuyonto enye, kodwa zintathu, onokuzibona kwimifanekiso engentla. Bonke zizalelwe kummandla weentropical welizwekazi laseMelika:

• ISwietenia macrophyllaEyaziwa ngokuba yiHonduras mahogany, iAtlantic mahogany okanye enkulu mahogany, ikhula ukusuka eMexico ukuya emazantsi ehlathi leAmazon eBrazil. Namhlanje yeyona ilinywa kakhulu, kwaye ikwayiloo nto baninzi abaza kukuxelela yona yi »true mahogany». Ukugawulwa ngokungekho mthethweni kunye nefuthe lokusingqongileyo elithatyathwe kulo, lazifaka kuluhlu lwezilwanyana ezisengozini ngo-2003.
• Swietenia mahagoniEyaziwa ngokuba yi-mahogany okanye i-mahogany yaseCuba, ivela eMzantsi Florida naseCaribbean. Yayisisona sasetyenziswa kakhulu de kwaba yiMfazwe yesibini yeHlabathi.
• ISwietenia humilis: eyaziwa ngokuba ngumthi wePacific, uvela kwihlathi elomileyo lonxweme lwePasifiki kuMbindi Merika. Abanye bathi ngenene ziindidi ze S. macrophylla, umahluko kukuba incinci.

Inkcubeko

Into emnandi nge-mahogany kukuba inokutyalwa okanye isasazwe ngembewu yayo. Kwaye ucinga ukuba Isiqhamo ngasinye sineembewu ezingaphezulu kwama-50 ngaphakathi, sisityalo esiluncedo kakhulu ukuba sikhule.

Eyona ndlela ilula yokuqalisa ukukhula kwe-mahogany kukuthatha iimbewu ezimbalwa kwaye uzifake engxoweni enomhlaba othile. Iinkcukacha kukuba Kuya kufuneka ulinde kude kube nguDisemba okanye ekuqaleni kukaJanuwari ukufumana imbewu yesityalo.

Ukuqokelelwa kwembewu kufuneka kwenziwe nanini na xa isiqhamo sifumana umbala omdaka okhanyayo, kanye ngalo mzuzu kanye phambi kokuba aqandusele okanye avuleke. Yenzelwe yona Umthi kufuneka unyuswe kwaye imbewu iqokelelwe ngokuthe ngqo.

Kuyacetyiswa ukuba xa sele kuqokelelwe imbewu, Oku kutyalwa kuqelelane nge 12m. izityalo mahogany okanye naluphi na olunye uhlobo. Kodwa ikakhulu zohlobo olunye. Ngale ndlela, iingxaki ekukhuleni kwayo ziya kuthintelwa kwaye ukubakho kokuhlaselwa libhabhathane elithile kuyehla.

Loluphi unonophelo olufunayo?

Ukuba ufuna ikopi, sicebisa ukuba ubonelele ngale nkathalelo ilandelayo:

sezulu

Ukufudumala kweTropiki kunye obona bushushu buncinci mabube ngu-10ºC okanye ngaphezulu. Kungenxa yoko le nto ukulinywa kwayo kunye nokukhula kwayo kulunga ngakumbi kwimimandla yetropiki njengaleyo ekuMantla nakuMzantsi Merika. Ukucaciswa ngakumbi, kusebenza kakuhle kwimimandla okanye kwimimandla engaselunxwemeni.

Ubicación

Kufuneka ihlale ingaphandle, kwilanga elipheleleyo, kwaye kumgama ubuncinci iimitha ezi-6 ukusuka kwimibhobho kunye nezinye. Kwaye, ukongeza ekubeni zizityalo ezinkulu ngaphezulu kweemitha ezingama-20 ukuphakama, badinga indawo yokukhula. Ngale ndlela uphepha ukuba neengxaki ngemibhobho.

Umhlaba

Umhlaba kufuneka uchume kwaye ufunxwe kakuhle.

Unkcenkceshelo

Rhoqo kufuneka yenziwe amaxesha ama-4-5 ngeveki ngexesha elishushu, kwaye Rhoqo ngeentsuku ezi-2-3 unyaka uphela.

Ukuphindaphinda

Ngembewu entwasahlobo, Ukuhlwayela ngqo kwi-nursery kunye ne-substrate yokulima.

Sebenzisa

Njengoko uzakucinga ukuza kuthi ga ngoku nayo yonke into oyifundileyo, mahogany inokusetyenziswa okubalulekileyo kwihlabathi liphela. Ukusetyenziswa kwayo okuphambili kukwenza ifanitshala kunye nemisebenzi egxile ekwenzeni ikhabhinethi.

Ngendlela enye, ikwangumthi osebenzayo okanye isityalo sokwenza amaphenyane amancinci naphakathi. Kukho abo basebenzisa i-mahogany ukwenza izixhobo zomculo ezenziwe ngomthi okanye ngeenxalenye zayo.

Ngokubhekisele kwimbewu ye-mahogany, inokusetyenziswa okuthile, kuba ivumela ukuthatha kunye nokulungiselela uhlobo lweti okanye ukumnika esebenzayo ukujongana neentlungu zesifuba. Ukongeza, ixolo le-mahogany lisetyenziselwa ukudaya ulusu kunye namalaphu.

Ngendlela efanayo, lula apho imbewu ye-mahogany ihluma iphezulu kangangokuba Esi sityalo sisetyenziswa ngokubanzi ukuqala inkqubo yokuphinda kwenziwe amahlathi xa kukho imfuneko. Ewe kunjalo, ngenxa yezi meko kufuneka zichazwe.

Ukuphumla singathi sisityalo esihle esinokusetyenziselwa ukwenza iindlela zendalo, ukubeka izikwere, iipaki kunye nayiphi na enye indawo yendalo onokucinga ngayo.