Kwiindawo zethu zendalo amanani okhuseleko adalwa ukuze alondoloze imbonakalo-mhlaba, uhlaza kunye nezilwanyana. Ngale ndlela, sizama ukungayithobi isidima sendalo kwaye siyilondoloze kangangoko sinakho. Enye yezi ndawo zidumileyo yiTablas de Daimiel. Noko ke, abantu abaninzi abazi zithini iiTafile zeDaimiel okanye zibaluleke kangakanani na.
Ngenxa yesi sizathu, siya kunikezela eli nqaku ukukuxelela ukuba zeziphi iiTables zeDaimiel, zeziphi iimpawu zabo, izityalo, izilwanyana kunye nokubaluleka kwazo.
Ziziphi iiTafile zeDaimiel
ITablas de Daimiel National Park yipaki yesizwe yaseSpain ekhusela umhlaba omanzi onegama elifanayo, iLas Tablas de Daimiel. Itholakala eDemir naseVillarubia de los Ojos, kwiphondo le-Real, kwi-Autonomous Community of Castilla-La Mancha. Ikwayinxalenye yeZEPA kunye neLa Mancha Húmeda Biosphere Reserve.
I-Las Tablas de Daimiel ngummeli wokugqibela we-ecosystem eyaziwa ngokuba yitafile ye-fluvial, eyenziwa kukuphuphuma kwemilambo yaseGuadiana kunye neGigüela ekudibaneni, ethandwa kukungabikho kokungalingani kumhlaba. Ngesibhengezo sayo, imele inyathelo elikhulu eliya phambili ekukhuseleni enye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo zendalo eLa Mancha, ngaloo ndlela iqinisekisa ukusinda kweentaka ezisebenzisa ezi ndawo njengeendawo zasebusika, mancada kunye nendlwane, ngaloo ndlela kudala indawo epheleleyo yeentaka zasemanzini.
I-Tablas de Daimiel National Park ifumaneka entliziyweni yeLa Mancha, kwiphondo le-Real, phakathi koomasipala baseDaimiel kunye neVillarrubia de los Ojos.
Iimpawu kunye neenqobo zenkcubeko
Ngummeli wokugqibela we-ecosystem eyaziwa ngokuba yitafile ye-fluvial, eyenziwe kukuphuphuma kwemilambo yaseGuadiana kunye neGigueira ekudibaneni, ethandwa kukungabikho kokungalingani kumhlaba. Ngesibhengezo salo, inyathelo elikhulu lithathwa ekukhuseleni enye yezona ndawo zixabisekileyo ze-ecosystem yaseLa Mancha, ngaloo ndlela iqinisekisa ukusinda kweentaka ezisebenzisa ezi ndawo njengobusika, i-mancada kunye neendawo zokuhlala, ukudala indawo edibeneyo yeentaka zasemanzini.
kumashumi eminyaka eyadlulayo, ibhalansi phakathi kwabantu kunye nemigxobhozo yaphazamiseka. Isenzo sokukhupha iNdawo eManzi sandulela ukusetyenziswa ngokugqithisileyo kwamanzi awayegcinwe emhlabeni kangangeenkulungwane.
Ukutsalwa ngokuqhubekayo kwamanzi kakuhle ngaphezu kwe-avareji ye-recharge yonyaka kubangele ukukhululwa okukhulu kwe-aquifers, kubangela ukuhla okuqhubekayo kwitafile yamanzi, umphumo oyintloko wokucinywa kokukhutshwa kwemvelo okwenzeka kwi-Ojos del Guadiana kunye nase iitafile zikaDaimiel
Amanyathelo ahlukeneyo athatyathwe ngurhulumente ukubuyisela imisebenzi yendalo ye-ikhosistim kwaye ukuvela kwayo kuye kwahlalutywa ngokungqongqo. Ulondolozo lweLas Tablas de Daimiel akufunekanga ibe lungquzulwano phakathi kweminqweno yezoqoqosho kunye nomdla wolondolozo, kodwa isiqinisekiso sophuhliso olunengqiqo noluzinzileyo lomthombo ohlaziyekayo obaluleke njengamanzi.
Ukuza kuthi ga kwinkulungwane yama-14, enye yezona nguqu zibalulekileyo zoluntu eLas Tablas nakwindawo eyingqongileyo yayisisingqusho. Kukho ukuya kuthi ga kwi-XNUMX yezixhobo, ezinye zivela kumaXesha Aphakathi. Indawo yokusila yayiliziko loluntu apho kwakulinywa ingqolowa, kuthengiswa iintlanzi nezilwanyana zasendle, yaye abantu babekwazi ukutya, ukulala nokurhweba.
Imele i-ecosystem enxulunyaniswa nemimandla efumileyo yelizwekazi. Le ecosystem ilikhaya leentlobo ezininzi, kuquka izityalo nezilwanyana. Phakathi kweentyatyambo, izityalo zasemanzini zisisiseko esisisiseko seLas Tablas de Daimiel, kwaye ekuphela kwemithi ekhoyo yimingcunube ebomvu. Iitafile likhaya leentlobo ngeentlobo zeentaka zasemanzini. Ezona ziqhelanisiweyo namanzi yiGreat Crested Grebe, iLittle Grebe kunye neBlack-necked Grebe. Ngokuxhomekeke kwixesha lonyaka, ii-herons, i-egrets, i-herons kunye namadada ahlukeneyo ase-Iberia angabonwa.
IiFlora zeDaimiel Tables
Izandiso ezinkulu ze-masiega (i-Cladium mariscum) zisasazwa ngokufanelekileyo kunye nomphezulu okhululekile wamanzi. iibhedi zeengcongolo (Phragmites australis) ziyakwazi ukulungelelaniswa kakhulu kwaye zikhule, zinwenwela kwiindawo ezingenzulu kwaye phantse kuwo wonke umda ongaphandle wepaki.. Phakathi kwabo, unokubona iingcongolo zeengcongolo (iTypha domingensis), ezihlala kwiindawo zokudandatheka.
Kuze kube yiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo, iLaguna de La Mancha yayisoloko ikhukuliswa zizikhukula zexeshana ezibetha umhlaba. Namhlanje, zisongelwa ngokunzulu kukwandiswa kokulima, nangona ziseninzi kwiipaki zelizwe. I-Limonios ubukhulu becala ziintlobo zezityalo ezihlala kwimigxobhozo yetyuwa kunye nemigxobhozo yetyuwa, ezizintlobo zeendawo zokuhlala ezixhalabisayo kwi-EU kwaye ke ngoko kufuneka zikhuselwe.
Ezinye zerhafu ezihlala kwiphondo laseCiudad Real zifumaneka ngaphakathi kwipaki yesizwe kwaye okwangoku zisemngciphekweni omkhulu kukwandiswa kwezityalo ngaphandle kwendawo yogcino.
Olunye lolona phawu lubalaseleyo lwePaki yeSizwe ngamadlelo eChara, akhiwe ziindidi ezahlukeneyo zeChara eyaziwa ngokuba ngamaqanda. banokwenza i-tapestry ephantse iqhubeke kumazantsi antywiliselweyo. Izityalo ze-arboreal kuphela zenziwe ngama-willows abomvu, okwenza amahlathi amancinci kwimihlaba emanzi enokumelana namaxesha okukhukula kunye nenqanaba elithile letyuwa yomhlaba.
Ulawulo lwezityalo zasemanzini
Ukuze kugcinwe ukwakheka kunye nokuhanjiswa kwekhava yemifuno yeTablas de Daimiel kwimeko yayo yangaphambili, iguqulwe lutshintsho oluye lwenziwa kuthungelwano lwe-hydrological kwiminyaka yakutshanje, Uthotho lwezenzo zenziwe ukulawula uhlaza oluguqukayo, ephawulwa kukwanda okugqithisileyo kweentlobo ezithile zezityalo, ezithi, ngenxa yokuhlasela kwazo kunye nokuxhathisa ukunqunyulwa kwamaxesha onyaka, zithabathe indawo yezinye izityalo ezisesichengeni.
Olu lwalamano lusekwe phakathi kweentlobo ezifana nengcongolo, i-willow ebomvu kunye ne-cattail, kodwa kungekhona nabanye. Le nkqubo iqhutyelwa ngokuthe ngcembe ukusuka kwiindawo ezinqamlekileyo, apho amanzi aphela okwexeshana, kwaye kude kube kutshanje, ukungabikho kwamanzi kuchaphazela iindawo ezinkulu zepaki, ukwenzela ukuba iintlobo ezihlaselayo zifikelele kwindawo yangaphakathi, ebizwa ngokuthi "itafile", dziphi na izityalo ezisele zikho phantsi kwamanzi.
Isiphumo sokugqibela sale nkqubo kukunyamalala kwezi "tafile", iindawo ezibaluleke kakhulu kwisigxina kunye nesigxina seentaka zasemanzini, kunye nophuhliso lwamadlelo angama-ovoid enza isitshixo. Iimpawu zekhonkco lokutya le-ikhosistim.
Ukongezelela, iziteshi eziphambili zinokuvalwa, kunye nokuvalwa "kwemizila" kunye nemijelo yendalo evumela ukuhamba phakathi kwamachibi kunye nokuthintela ukuhlukaniswa kwemizimba ethile yamanzi. Ke ngoko, eyona misebenzi ibalulekileyo kukuvulwa nokugcinwa kweetafile zemveli zezityalo ezihlaselayo, ukupheliswa kweentsalela zemifuno kunye nolawulo lokutshisa ukuthanda ukuvuselelwa kwazo, kuphela phantsi kweemeko ezikhethekileyo.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi unokufunda ngakumbi malunga neetafile zeDaimiel kunye neempawu zazo.