Imbali ye-Iris ivela emndenini we-iridaceae, igama layo lesayensi ngu Iris yamaJalimane, igama elihlonipha "uthingo lwenkosazana" njengoba lesi sitshalo sikhiqiza izimbali ezinemibala ehlukahlukene (onsomi, ophuzi, obomvu, omhlophe kanye namabala).
Kule mbali ye-Iris, edabuka ezwenikazi laseYurophu, yaziwa kahle kakhulu ngegama likaLirio futhi nangenxa yephunga elimnandi elikhiphayo. Lesi sitshalo sisetshenziswa ikakhulu njengomhlobiso, noma kunjalo, kuyaziwa ukuthi uketshezi lungakhishwa ezimpandeni ezisebenza njengesihlanzo, ebisetshenziselwa izizukulwane ngezizukulwane zabantu.
Izici eziyinhloko
Lezi zitshalo zivame ukudideka nama-orchidKodwa-ke, lapho sibanikeza imininingwane, sizobona umehluko omncane phakathi kwalokhu okubili.
Ziyizimbali ezinkulu okuyinto evamile ukuzibona ziqhakaza ekugcineni okuphezulu kweziqu ezinde nezimile ngamaqembu angafika kwayisithupha, imibala incike ohlotsheni lwazo. Iziqu zingaba lula, zibe namagatsha, ziyize noma ziqinile.
Amaqabunga ziluhlaza ngokukhanyayo ngombala, zikhula zimile futhi zifana neribhoniZingakhula zifike kuma-40 cm bese zakha isisindo esinyene ezansi kwaso.
Ungayikhulisa kanjani
Izinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo, ezingaphezu kuka-200, esingazithola kudinga ukunakekelwa okuthile Ngenxa yemininingwane eyingqayizivele etholakala kulowo nalowo wabo, kuyalulekwa futhi ukuthola ukuthi ngabe uhlobo lwezinhlobo ofuna ukulitshala yilo yini oluboniswe endaweni yakho; kodwa-ke, lapha sibonisa ezinye izinkathazo ezejwayelekile kubo bonke.
Isimo sezulu siyisici esibalulekile okufanele usicabangele selokhu Imbali ye-Iris ivame ukutshalwa ngasekupheleni kwehlobo, lapho izinga lokushisa lisashisa ngokwanele ukuba likhule liqine futhi libe nempilo ngaphambi kokushisa okuncane ebusika; kodwa-ke, lapho indawo yokutshala ibonakala ngehlobo elide nobusika obumnandi, inyanga ekhonjisiwe izoba ngo-Ephreli.
Lapho utshala, ingxenye yesibani kumele ibe ngaphansi komhlaba kanti okunye okuveziwe, isizathu sokwenza lokho, ukuthi isibani esingcwatshwe ngokuphelele sivimbela ukukhula kwembali ngenxa yokushoda kwelanga. Sincoma ukukwenza cishe ngamasentimitha ayisithupha. Ebusweni. Uma utshala imbali ka-Iris ezingadini, khumbula ukugcina ibanga okungenani lama-30 cm., Ukuze izimpande zibe nendawo eyanele yokwandisa ngaphandle kokukhubeka kwezinye izitshalo futhi zikhuthaze ukukhula kwembali enempilo nokuthi uzokwazi yini ukuyikhulisa imbiza ke ubeka isitshalo esisodwa ebhodweni ngalinye.
Udinga i- inhlabathi ekhishwe kahleLokhu kufanele kugcinwe kumanzi kepha hhayi ngokweqile ukuze isitshalo singonakali, esimweni samabhodwe sincoma ukuthi ubeke ipuleti le-ceramic esisekelweni ukuze ugcine umswakama.
Ukukhula okuhle, ukuchelela isitshalo kufanele kube njalo ngaphandle kokudlulelaNaka umswakama womhlabathi ozungeze isitshalo bese uwunisela njalo ezinsukwini ezi-5 noma eziyi-7 kuya ngokuthi womile kanjani lapho imbali ikhula ngokugcwele, lapho isitshalo sikhula ngokwengeziwe, ukuthambisa kufanele kube njalo, ikakhulukazi ngezikhathi zonyaka ebusika obunomswakama lapho kungadingekile ukwenza njalo.
Lezi zitshalo babe nesikhathi sokuphila esiphakathi kweminyaka emihlanu nengama-5Ngokusobala, isikhathi sizoncika ekunakekelweni kwakho okukunika imbali ye-Iris, sincoma ukuthi usebenzise umanyolo okhethekile wezitshalo ezimbaxa njalo emva kokuqhakaza ngakunye.
Ukunakekelwa
Ukugcina impilo yakhe iphilile, lena idinga ukunakekelwa okuncane futhi zilula kakhulu:
- Susa izimbali esezivele zabuna ngokushesha, yimbali kuphela, amahlamvu asele esitshalweni aze athole umbala ophuzi njengoba lokhu kuthanda ukuqhakaza okulandelayo.
- Gcina i- Ama-rhizomes angenakhula, ubheke futhi ugcine isitshalo sihlanzekile.
- Ungadluli emanzini, isitshalo sidinga amanzi amancane
- Izifo ezenzeka njalo kulesi sitshalo nge septoria, ukugqwala ne-heterosporiosis.
- Gcina wazi ukuthi lokhu kuyamelana kakhulu, ibekezelela ubusika kahle kakhulu futhi isebenza kahle kakhulu emazingeni okushisa abandayo futhi ibuye ivumelane kahle nezimo ezishisayo.
- Imbali ejwayelekile kakhulu ezingadini, nayo eyaziswa kakhulu ngemibala ehlukahlukene nephunga elivelayo, nayo isetshenziswa kaningi ezinhlakeni zezimbali ezahlukahlukene.
- La ububanzi bezimbali, ukwehluka kwemibala nokuthungwa kwe-velvety noma i-satin ibanzi impela kulolu hlobo futhi inika impilo nombala ezingadini, ezimbizeni nasezinhlelweni uma zihlelwe ngamaqembu.
- Lezi zinhlobo zenzeka kaningi eNyakatho Nenkabazwe, eYurophu, eNyakatho Afrika, eMpumalanga Ephakathi, naseNyakatho Melika.
- Imbali ye-Iris bathi ezinye izincazelo ziya ngombalaIsibonelo, imbali emhlophe iwuphawu lwethemba, uma iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kusho ukuthi kunezindaba ezimnandi futhi uma kuyimbali ejwayelekile ye-iris ihlobene nezinto eziphakamisa umoya.
Izinhlobo ezivamile
Iris Germanyica
Lezi zinhlobo ziyamelana kakhulu, ivumelana kahle kakhulu nazo zonke izinhlobo zenhlabathi futhi lisakazeka kalula. Ihluke kakhulu ngakho-ke singathola izimbali ezinemibala ehlukene njengophuzi, obomvu, omhlophe, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma onsomi.
Kungatshalwa kangcono emhlabathini onesihlabathi, ngomsele omuhle wokugwema ukungena kwamanzi, utshale elangeni eligcwele ukuze ube umthunzi omncane. Ifinyelela kumitha ukuphakama, amaqabunga afana ne-saber, avela phakathi kuka-3 no-10 ngesitshalo ngasinye futhi akhule aze afike ku-40 cm.
Izimbali zinephunga elimnandi, ekahle ukugcina ezimbizeni noma ezingadini.
I-iris ebomvu
Eyaziwa nangokuthi i-lily of Florence, yimbali enhle ethumela amakha acebile, enemibala yesici e-violet nomhlophe, njengoba uhlobo lwangaphambilini ludinga ilanga eliqondile, yize lingakhula kahle ngokukhanya okungaqondile futhi libekezelele isimo sezulu esibanda kakhulu.
Kudinga ama-substrates akhishwe kahle, agcina umswakama odingekayo wokukhula kwawo ngaphandle kwamanzi amaningi, izala ngokusebenzisa impova ngoba i-hermaphrodite.
Ifinyelela ngaphezu kwemitha ukuphakama futhi ububanzi bufinyelela kumamitha ayi-1,5. Izakhi zokwelapha kuthiwa zelapha izimo zamathumbu njengokuhlanza, isifo sokuqaqamba kwamalunga noma izimo zokuphefumula njenge-asthma ne-bronchitis.
Iris yaseSiberia
Ekuqaleni kwaseSiberia, yaziwa nangokuthi iSily Sily. Lesi sitshalo sincane kunezinye izinhlobo ngoba ubude obufinyelela kuso bungu-60 cm., Amathoni wezimbali asukela kokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kuya kokhanya okukhanyayo, isitshalo ngasinye sakha izimbali ezi-1 kuya kwezi-3 futhi sidinga ukutshala inhlabathi yesihlabathi, ukuchelela okuncane futhi ukukhanya kwelanga okuningi.
Iris yaseJapane
Yisitshalo esikhula endle enhlabathini yaseJapan nakweminye inhlabathi yezwekazi lase-Asia, umbala okhethekile onsomi oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka walokhu kukwenza ukuhehe kakhulu ngokubukeka yingakho ukufuneka okukhulu kwezingadi zasekhaya nezingadi zezithelo.