Yini ingadi yezitshalo?

Yini ingadi yezitshalo? Kimi, futhi ukuba lula kakhulu, kuyindawo lapho ngokushesha nje lapho ungena ungazi ukuthi ungabheka kuphi lapho ubona ubuhle obungaka. Ngokuzimisela, lapho uhlela ukuvakashela eyodwa, awukwazi ukukhohlwa ikhamera yakho, noma, uma wehluleka lokho, phatha iselula yakho ishajiwe kahle.

Nakanjani uzolahla umkhondo wesikhathi. Ngakho-ke, inhloso kufanele ihambisane nomndeni noma nabangane, ikakhulukazi uma babelana ngokuzilibazisa okufanayo. Kepha cha, ngeke ngikushiye wedwa ngaleyo mpendulo. Ngifuna wazi imvelaphi, umlando, izici zalezi zindawo ezinhle eziluhlaza esikuthola kwamanye amadolobha namadolobha ukuze ukujabulele ngokugcwele njalo lapho uya kwelinye. Ngakho asihambe.

Yini ingadi yezitshalo?

Kuyinto a isikhungo esigunyazwe yinhlangano yomphakathi, ezimele noma ehlanganayo inhloso yayo ukutadisha nokongiwa kwezitshalo, imvamisa eyomdabu kanye / noma ehlala ezindaweni ezinesimo sezulu esifanayo. Isici salo esiyinhloko ukufaka amaqoqo esayensi asebenza ukuphenya nokusabalalisa izinhlobo zezinto ezizibumbayo, kanye nokuzifunda ukuze wazi ukuthi zingalondolozwa kanjani.

Uyini umsuka nomlando wayo?

Kuyaziwa ukuthi eyokuqala yakhiwa ngekhulu le-XNUMX ngamaSulumane e-Al-Andalus yasendulo. Umqondo wokukwazi ukuba nocezu lwemvelo ekhaya wawusuvele uqala ukuba yisidingo kwabaningi, yize njengenjwayelo, yizicukuthwane kuphela ezazikwazi ukukuthola. Ngakho-ke, ukwakha okwakungavakashelwa yiwo wonke umuntu ngokungangabazeki kwakungumqondo omuhle kakhulu.

Nokho, "isikhulu" sokuqala kwakuyiso esakhiwa ePadua (e-Italy) ngo-1545. Yabizwa ngokuthi "Ingadi Yezitshalo ZasePadua", kanti izindaba ezinhle ukuthi isalondoloziwe nanamuhla. Iphethwe yiNyuvesi yaseMontpellier, futhi inhloso yayo ukufunda nolwazi lwezitshalo zokwelapha.

Kamuva zakhiwa eValencia (1567), eLeiden (eNetherlands, ngo-1590), eHeidelberg (eJalimane, ngo-1597), eCopenhagen (eDenmark, ngo-1600), e-Uppsala (eSweden, ngo-1655), eHannover (eJalimane, ngo-1666), IMadrid (iSpain, ngo-1755), iSanúcar de Barrameda (eSpain, ngo-1806).

Ngenhlanhla sonke, akubona bodwa lapho. Eqinisweni, sinabanye abafana neRoyal Botanic Gardens eKew, engenye yezindawo ezibaluleke kakhulu futhi eyakhiwa eningizimu-ntshonalanga yeLondon; noma iSydney, enesici esithile sokuba ikhaya lezilwane ezithile zomdabu. Ukungasho (futhi uzongixolela ukwaziswa 😉) kwalesi esinaso edolobheni lami: iBotanicactus, eneqoqo elithakazelisayo lezitshalo ezingamelana nesimo sezulu saseMedithera kanye neziphuzo ezinomsoco futhi ezakhiwa ngo-1987.

Yiziphi izinhlobo ezikhona?

Yize kukhona ezinye ezijwayelekile, kukhona ezinye ezinikezelwe kuphela ekutshalweni kwezitshalo ezithile:

• I-Arboretum: Kunikelwe emaqoqweni ezihlahla.
• I-Alpinum: ezinikezelwe kumaqoqo e-Alps nezintaba eziphakeme.
• IBambusetum: Kunikelwe emaqoqweni oqalo.
• I-Fruticetum: Kunikelwe kumaqoqo ezihlahlana nezihlahla ezincane.
• ICactarium: Kunikezelwe kumaqoqo e-cacti nezitshalo ezikhula ezingwadule.
• I-Palmetum: Kunikezelwe emaqoqweni esundu.
• I-Orchidarium: Kunikelwe kumaqoqo e-orchid.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, futhi sine:

• Ingadi eyi-Conservative: iyona ezinikele ekulondolozeni izinhlobo esevele zikhona.
• Ingadi ye-Ethnobotanical: inikezelwe ezitshalweni ezikhulayo ezinobudlelwano obuqondile nokuba khona komuntu.
• Ingadi yezemvelo: iyona ehlola izinhlobo zezitshalo nobudlelwano ezinabo phakathi kwazo nendawo ezikhulela kuyo.

Yini Engadini Yezitshalo?

Futhi, kuzoncika kakhulu ohlotsheni lwensimu yezitshalo. Kepha okuvame ukungabikho yile:

• entry: kusobala 🙂. Imvamisa kuba yihhovisi elilodwa, noma ihhovisi elinesitolo lapho bathengisa khona izitshalo kanye / noma izinto ezihlobene nensimu.
• Izingxenye ezahlukahlukene zezitshalo: iqoqwe ngokuya ngezidingo zakho kanye / noma izici.
• Abamba Ukushisa / s: ukuvikela izitshalo ezingaphandle ezimelana namakhaza.
• Amakhambi: iqoqo lezitshalo ezomisiwe ezihlukanisiwe, nezisetshenziselwa ucwaningo lwe-botany.
• I-Carpoteca: iqoqo lezithelo ezihlukanisiwe, nalo elisetshenziselwa ukutadisha.
• I-Xiloteca: iqoqo lezinkuni ezihlukanisiwe, ezisetshenziselwa ukuzifunda.
• Inkomba yembewu (Seminum ye-Index): kukhathalogi yezimbewu ekhishwa yinsimu ngayinye minyaka yonke.

Yini ukubaluleka kweNgadi Yezitshalo edolobheni?

Yebo, besikade sikhuluma ngakho vele, kepha sekuyisikhathi sokuthi sandise okuthe xaxa. Izinhloso zensimu yezitshalo, ngakho-ke ukubaluleka kwayo edolobheni yilezi:

Ukulondolozwa

Ngeshwa, izinhlobo eziningi zezitshalo zisengozini yokuqothulwa noma zisongelwe. Kungaba ngenxa yokulahleka kwendawo yokuhlala, ukugawulwa kwamahlathi noma ukukhishwa kwezinhlobo zokuthengiswa kwazo okulandelayo - okungekho emthethweni, ngendlela -, iqiniso ukuthi uma bekungenjalo, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ngezingadi zezitshalo nangalabo abenza konke okusemandleni abo ukunakekela imvelo, impela zimbalwa izitshalo ebezizosinda namuhla esingakubona.

Investigación

Imisebenzi yesayensi eyenziwa kulolu hlobo lwezivande kufaka phakathi ucwaningo lwe-botany, kanye nokulungiswa kwezinhlobo zezilwane ezilethwe ngaphandle kwezindawo ezivela kuzo. Ngokunjalo, yonke le mininingwane eyiqoqayo isetshenziswa ezolimo, izimboni kanye nocwaningo lwezokwelapha.

Ukufundisa

Yebo, kuningi esingakufunda ezitshalweni uma siya engadini yezitshalo, ngoba zivame ukuba negama lazo lesayensi, igama elijwayelekile kanye nemvelaphi ekhonjisiwe kwilebula evame ukwenziwa ngokhuni. Futhi lokho akushiwo ngamaphrojekthi wezemfundo owenziwayo: izethulo zezitshalo, izeluleko ezikhulayo ezinikezwa ngabalimi abazimele… Abanye banesitolo sabo lapho abathengisa khona izimbali, amakhambi nezinye izitshalo!

imfundo

Emhlabeni esiphila kuwo kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi ukuthi imvelo kufanele inakekelwe futhi ihlonishwe. Ngalesi sizathu, izingadi zezitshalo zenzelwe ukufundisa umphakathi ngakho.

I-Turismo

Asikwazi ukukhohlwa ngalokhu. Ukuvakasha okuluhlaza noma ukuvakasha kwezemvelo kuya ngokuqina, futhi ingadi yezitshalo iyona ekhanga kakhulu yalabo abafuna ukuvakashela izindawo ezigcwele izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo.

Lokho kusho, futhi ukuqeda, yisho ukuthi uma uzithanda ngempela izitshalo, unganqikazi ukuvakashela esinye sazo. Ngokuqinisekile ngeke uzisole.