Abantu abaningi bayamangala kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukukhula kwesihlahla somnqumo. Isihlahla somnqumo, njenganoma yisiphi esinye isihlahla, sidlula enkathini yobusha lapho zonke izinsiza ezitholakalayo zokuthuthukiswa kwezitshalo zesitshalo, zikhula ngokushesha ngokukhishwa kwamagatsha anama-internode amade. Ngokuthi "ngokushesha" sisho ukukhula kancane kancane okulandelayo kwezihlahla zomnqumo njengoba zikhula, njengoba lolu hlobo ngokuvamile luhamba kancane uma luqhathaniswa nezinye izihlahla zezithelo njengezihlahla zama-cherry.
Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela ukuthi kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthi isihlahla somnqumo sikhule nokuthi yiziphi izici okufanele zicatshangelwe kulokhu kukhula.
Izici zomuthi we-Olive
Kuyisihlahla esihlala siluhlaza esinomqhele oyindilinga futhi ayivamisile ukweqa amamitha ayi-10 ukuphakama, nakuba kunezinkomba ezithile zamamitha ayi-15, lokhu ngokuqinisekile okuhlukile. Amaqabunga a-lanceolate, aphambene, aphelele, anesikhumba, ampunga ngokuluhlaza ngenhla futhi aluhlaza okotshani ngezansi.
Impova yenziwa cishe ngomoya kuphela, futhi ukuzalanisa phakathi kwezinhlobo kuyanconywa, nakuba kungeyona into evamile. Izihlahla zomnqumo zizitholela impova ngokwazo, okungukuthi, izimbali ziyakwazi ukuzithulisa ngokwazo, nakuba kungenjalo.
Isithelo somnqumo iyidrupe enamanzi enamafutha amaningi, ubude obuyi-1 kuye ku-3,5 cm, i-oval noma i-spherical shape, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ekuqaleni kanye nobumnyama obumnyama lapho isivuthiwe ngokugcwele. Ukuvuthwa kwenzeka ngasekupheleni kwekwindla nasekuqaleni kobusika, kodwa uma zizovunwa ukuze zilondolozwe, ziqoqwa ekuqaleni kwekwindla, kuyilapho zisaluhlaza.
Izici ezithonya ukuthi isihlahla somnqumo sithatha isikhathi esingakanani ukukhula
Njengoba izihlahla zomnqumo cishe njalo zivela ezisikiwe noma ezisikiwe, kuthatha isikhathi eside ukwakha isimiso sezimpande kunasembewu. Ngakho-ke, ukukhula kuzoba kuncane phakathi nezinyanga zokuqala emva kokutshala, futhi njengoba isihlahla simila, sizobona ukuthi siba namandla kangakanani. Ukuze uthuthukise i-rooting kubalulekile ukuthi inhlabathi ihlale imanzi, i-spongy futhi ine-aerated, ngaphandle kwezindawo ezihlangene eduze kwezihlahla zomnqumo.
Kodwa ngaphezu kwalokho, izici ze-agroclimate yesitshalo nezinye izici zinomthelela omkhulu ekukhuleni kwesihlahla somnqumo, zisenze sibe sikhulu lapho lezi zici sezisezingeni eliphezulu futhi ziyancipha lapho zikude.
Njengezinye izitshalo, izihlahla zomnqumo zinesethi yezimo ezikhula kahle, ngokuvamile okuhlobene nokuvumelana kwemvelo lapho uhlobo ngalunye lungaphansi kwendawo yalo yemvelaphi noma ukukhula, futhi lukhethwa ngokwenziwa. Ngakho-ke, asikwazi ukwenza sengathi izinhlobonhlobo ezivumelaniswe kangcono nezimo zezulu ezishisa kakhulu zizobukeka ngendlela efanayo ezindaweni ezibandayo, ngoba lezi akuzona izimo ezilungiselelwa izakhi zofuzo.
Izakhamzimba
Umsoco wesihlahla somnqumo uyisici esikhulu kunazo zonke, ngaphezu kokuba sendaweni ekahle, kufanele uthole zonke izakhamzimba eziwudingayo emhlabathini, futhi lezi zakhi kufanele zilingane ukuze akukho okweqile uma kuqhathaniswa nokunye, njengoba kungavimbela ukumuncwa okulungile kokugcina. Emasimini ochwepheshe, inhlabathi kanye nokuhlaziywa kwamaqabunga kuyenziwa ukuze kutholwe izidingo zomsoco ezitshalweni. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ekhaya, zama ukugcina isilinganiso se-pH yenhlabathi - phakathi kwe-acidic kancane nokungathathi hlangothi- evundile, futhi wengeze njalo umanyolo ohlukahlukene wezinto eziphilayo, umlotha wezinkuni, umquba oluhlaza, njll.
Amanzi
Ngaphandle kwamanzi, umsoco emhlabathini awukwazi ukumuncwa izimpande futhi izinqubo zebhayoloji zesitshalo ngeke zenzeke. Isomiso siyisici esinganciphisa kakhulu ukukhula, ikakhulukazi eminyakeni yokuqala yokuphila kwesihlahla somnqumo, lapho izimpande zingakakhuli kahle futhi kunenhlabathi elinganiselwe okufanele ihlolwe. Noma kunjalo, isihlahla somnqumo yisihlahla esimelana kakhulu nesomiso, akusho ukuthi ikhula kahle ezimweni zesomiso, ivele iphile futhi ayibuni.
Ukushisa nokukhanya
ukuthuthukiswa kwezitshalo ilungile emazingeni okushisa afudumele, kodwa hhayi ngaphezu kuka-35 ° C, lapho ukukhula kuyeka. Ukuphola kwenkathi yokukhula (imvamisa intwasahlobo kuze kube yikwindla), ukukhula kancane.
Ngokuqondene nokukhanya, kwenzeka okufanayo. Isihlahla somnqumo sikhetha isimo sezulu esinelanga, ngakho-ke uma sikhula endaweni enamafu futhi emnyama, ngisho nasesiteji sokuthuthukiswa (entwasahlobo nasekwindla), ngeke sikhule kahle kulokhu.
Izinambuzane, izifo kanye nokugcinwa kwesihlahla somnqumo
Lokhu kuvamile kuzo zonke izidalwa eziphilayo. Uma isihlahla singenwe yisifo esisodwa noma eziningana noma sihlaselwa izinambuzane, izinhlelo zaso zizodla izinsiza eziningi ezizama ukulwa nosongo, ngaphezu kwalokho, izinto eziphilayo ezisihlaselayo ziphinde zikhiphe enye ingxenye enkulu yemithombo yesihlahla somnqumo.
Uma ingaphathwa kahle, kungathinta kabi ukukhula kwezihlahla ngokunciphisa ukukhula kwazo.
Izici zofuzo zokwazi ukuthi isihlahla somnqumo sithatha isikhathi esingakanani ukukhula
Ekugcineni sizokhuluma ngezici zofuzo zohlobo ngalunye. Ama-cultivar ahlukene noma izinhlobonhlobo zivela phakathi kwezinhlobo ezifanayo ngokuhlukaniswa kwedlozi elilodwa. Lo mehluko uyenzeka ngokwemvelo ngenxa yokujwayela isitshalo endaweni entsha noma ngenxa yokushintsha kwezimo zemvelo esihlala kuyo, kodwa kungenzeka futhi ngokuzenzela, umlimi kube nguyena obhekele ukukhetha ukuthi yiziphi izihlahla abona ukuthi zizokhula. engcono futhi enempilo. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile, imikhiqizo yazo enekhwalithi ephezulu noma engcono, idinga amanzi amancane nezakhi, njll.
Ngakho uma uhlobo oluthile lwesihlahla somnqumo lunqunywa izakhi zofuzo ukuthi lukhule kancane, akukho okuningi esingakwenza ngakho. Ngokuphambene nalokho, uma izinhlobonhlobo zinamandla kakhulu, njengoba zihlala njalo, nakuba singanciphisa ukukhula kwazo kancane, izozama ukuyinqoba futhi futhi ithuthukise isimo sayo semvelo.
Njengoba sesishilo, ukwazi ukuthi isihlahla somnqumo sithatha isikhathi esingakanani ukukhula kungase kuhluke kakhulu kuye ngokuthi yiziphi izici ezinhle ezisandulelayo. Nokho, lapha sizokwethula enye yedatha elinganiselwe yobude evamile.
- Ngesihlahla somnqumo esineminyaka engu-2 ubudala, singalindela ukuthi sibe phakathi kuka-80cm no-1m ubude.
- Eminyakeni emi-3, ngokuvamile, bangafinyelela ku-130 cm.
- Lapho sebeneminyaka engu-5 ubudala, bangase babe ngaphezu kuka-150cm ubude.
- Kusukela kulo mzuzu, eminye iminqumo ingaqala ukuqhakaza futhi ivuthwe. Inani lezithelo lizokhula kancane kancane kuze kube yilapho isihlahla somnqumo siphakathi kweminyaka engama-20 nengama-50 ubudala.
Ngithemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi mayelana nokuthi ungakhula kangakanani isihlahla somnqumo nezici zaso.