I-White elm (Ulmus laevis)

Isithombe - Wikimedia / Amadvr

Izihlahla zohlobo lwe-Ulmus ngokuvamile zikhulu kakhulu futhi, ngenxa yalokho, zidinga isikhala esiningi ukuze zikhule. Futhi i- ulmus laevis akuyona into ehlukile; empeleni, kokubili ukuphakama nobukhulu besiqu salo uma nje sebufinyelele ekuvuthweni kuyabucindezela.

Ngokuba nezinga lokukhula okusheshayo futhi kube lula ukunakekelwa, uma unensimu enkulu lolu hlobo luzokunikeza umthunzi omuhle kakhulu eminyakeni embalwa. Mazi kahle 🙂.

Umsuka nezici

Isithombe - Wikimedia / Christian Fischer

I-protagonist yethu yisihlahla esinqumayo esaziwa nge-white elm, i-elm emhlophe yaseYurophu, i-elm ethuthumelayo noma i-elm eboshiwe edabuka eYurophu (enkabeni, empumalanga naseningizimu-mpumalanga yezwekazi) nase-Asia Minor. Ingafinyelela futhi idlule ngamamitha angama-30 ukuphakama, nobubanzi be-trunk obungafika kumamitha amabili. Izimpande zaso azijulile, kodwa zinkulu kakhulu, into ebalulekile ukuze isitshalo sihlale sinamathele phansi.

Amaqabunga alula, ayashintshana, ane-tomentose underside (yingakho ibizwa kanjalo i-elm emhlophe), nangokuthungwa okufana nokwephepha. Lezi ziluhlaza okotshani, kepha ziba phuzi ngokuwa ngaphambi kokuwa. Izimbali azinawo amacembe, zingaba ngu-3-4mm ubude futhi zivela ngamaqoqo entwasahlobo. Isithelo lesi yi-samara enamaphiko cishe eyi-15mm ubude nge-10mm ububanzi.

Ungayinakekela kanjani ulmus laevis?

Ngabe ufuna ukuba nekhophi? Sincoma ukuthi unikeze lokhu kunakekelwa okulandelayo:

Indawo

Kungumuthi okufanele ube njalo ngaphandle, elangeni eligcwele. Ngenxa yobukhulu nezimpande zayo, kufanele itshalwe emhlabathini, ebangeni eliphansi lamamitha ayishumi ukusuka ezindongeni, ezindongeni, emapayipini, ezitshalweni ezinkulu, njll.

Enye imininingwane okufanele uyikhumbule ukuthi ayikwazi ukumelana nomoya onamandla kunamanye ama-elms, ngakho-ke uma ivame ukushaya ngamandla endaweni yangakini, kunconywa kakhulu ukutshala uthango lwe-windbreak ezungeze isiza, noma okungenani indawo oya kuyo ukuba yi-Ulmus.

Umhlaba

Isithombe - Wikimedia / Crusier

• Isibindi: njengabanye bohlobo, ikhula kahle enhlabathini evundile, ejulile futhi enomswakama. Manje, kulezo ezomile, zingashintshwa futhi, inqobo nje uma izoniselwa ngezikhathi ezithile.
• Imbiza yezimbali: Akusona isitshalo esingatholwa esitsheni, kepha phakathi neminyaka yokuqala yobusha kuzoba umuthi omncane wokuhlobisa. Yigcwalise ngento ekhulayo yendawo yonke (iyathengiswa lapha).

Ukunisela

MaphakathiNgesikhathi sasehlobo, uma kushisa kakhulu futhi komile, kuzodingeka ukunisela kaningi. Ngokuvamile, imvamisa izoba cishe izikhathi eziyi-3-4 ngesonto ngenkathi eshisayo, futhi cishe 2 ngesonto unyaka wonke.

Uma sekukhona enhlabathini okungenani unyaka, ngeke udinga ukunisela kaningi uma lina njalo.

Umbhalisile

Umanyolo ubaluleke kakhulu njengamanzi, ikakhulukazi ngenkathi yokukhula ehambelana, kulokhu, nentwasahlobo nehlobo. Lapho amakhaza ekwindla eqala ukufika futhi amazinga okushisa ehla abe ngaphansi kuka-20ºC, kanti isithwathwa sokuqala kungenzeka sivele kuye ngokuthi iyiphi indawo, isihlahla asidingi "kudla" okwengeziwe.

Ngalesi sizathu, futhi ikakhulukazi uma inhlabathi ingenamsoco omuhle, sincoma ukufakwa komanyolo ulmus laevis entwasahlobo nasehlobo. Ngani? Ngomanyolo ophilayoImpela: umquba, i-guano, umquba wesilwane odla imifino, amaqobelengwane amaqanda nobhanana, ... Vele, uma kusembizeni, kufanele usebenzise umanyolo oketshezi (njenge-guano efomu eliwuketshezi, elithengiswayo lapha) ukulandela izinkomba ezichazwe kwiphakheji.

I-athikili ehlobene:

Yiziphi izinhlobo zomquba ezikhona futhi yiziphi izici zazo?

Izihlahla

Awuyidingi. Vele ususe amagatsha owomile, agulayo, abuthakathaka noma aphukile.

Izinhlupho nezifo

Kuyamelana kakhulu kukonke, kepha kuyazwela elm graphiosis. Lesi yisifo esidluliselwa yisikhunta sohlobo lwe-Ophiostoma okuthi, lapho nje sifinyelela ezitsheni ezingaphakathi kwesiqu namagatsha, sidale ukuthi amaqabunga abune ngokushesha futhi isitshalo sife.

I-vector yayo ngama-Scolytus beetles, okuyilawo ahambisa izinhlamvu zesikhunta zisuka e-elm enesifo ziyise endaweni enempilo. Futhi ngeshwa, izindlela zokwelashwa ezisebenza ngempela azikaziwa, ngakho-ke ngokushesha lapho kutholakala izimpawu zokuqala, okwenziwayo ukuthena nokushisa lelo gatsha bese ufaka umuthi wokupholisa ku-elm ukuvala isilonda.

Ingaphathwa futhi ngama-fungicides afana ne-benomyl noma i-thiabendazole, kepha ayiqinisekisi ukwelashwa, noma ingaphelele.

Ukuphindaphinda

Elm emhlophe iphindaphindeka ngezimbewu ebusika nangokusikwa ekuqaleni kwehlobo. Ungaqhubeka kanjani esimweni ngasinye?

Imbewu

Imbewu kufanele ihlwanyelwe ebusika embhedeni wembewu (izimbiza, amathileyi esithombo, noma okunye okunjalo) nge-substrate ekhulayo yendawo yonke. Zimboze ngongqimba oluncane lwe-substrate, bese uzinisela kahle.

Ukugcina inhlabathi imanzi njalo, izohluma phakathi nentwasahlobo.

Izithelo

Ukuze uyiphindaphinde ngokusika, kufanele usike igatsha elinempilo lokhuni oluqinile, umise isisekelo ngamahomoni wokuqothula (kuyathengiswa lapha), bese uyitshala ebhodweni nge-substrate yonke noma i-vermiculite (iyathengiswa lapha).

Ibekwe ngaphandle, emthunzini omncane, futhi igcina i-substrate imanzi, izomsuka ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-15.

Isibindi

I-elm emhlophe imelana nesithwathwa kuze kufike -18 ° C.

Yikuphi ukusetshenziswa okunikezwayo?

Isithombe - Wikimedia / Le.Loup.Gris

Kuphela njengoba isihlahla somhlobiso, njengesibonelo esizimele nokunikeza umthunzi. Izinkuni zayo zisezingeni eliphansi; empeleni izihlahla zihlala -uma kukhona - kungcono ukuzigxoba bese uziphonsa engadini njengomquba, noma umquba.

I-athikili ehlobene:

Indlela yokwenza umquba igxathu negxathu

Ubucabangani nge ulmus laevis?