Ungakhula kanjani i-endive?

La i-endive Ingesinye salezo zitshalo ezingalahlekile kunoma iyiphi ingadi, noma kuma-patio noma kuvulandi. Futhi, ngenxa yobukhulu bazo, zingatshalwa nomaphi lapho ufuna khona: emhlabathini nasemabhodweni. Ngakho-ke uma ucabanga ukuthi awunakutshala lutho kuvulandi wakho…, kufanele wazi ukuthi ungalungisa amasaladi amnandi ngalesi sitshalo.

Uma ufuna ukuthola isivuno esihle kakhulu, ungaphuthelwa yilokhu okukhethekile ngesinye sezitshalo ze-horticultural ezithakazelisa kakhulu.

Izici ze-Endive

I-protagonist yethu yaziwa ngegama lesayensi le- I-Cichorium endivia, nange-Brussels Chicory ejwayelekile, i-Endive noma i-Endive, laba bobabili bokugcina bobabili nobunye. Kukholakala ukuthi idabuka esifundeni iMedithera, yize kungakacaci okwamanje. Yisitshalo esinomjikelezo waminyaka yonke, okungukuthi, ngonyaka owodwa siyamila, sikhule, sithele izithelo futhi sibune, noma njalo ngonyaka, sinikela unyaka wokuqala ekukhuleni bese kuthi owesibili siqhakaze, sithele futhi somise.

Ifomu a i-rosette efinyelela kumasentimitha angama-40 ububanzi ngamaqabunga aphelele, luhlaza okotshani ngokukhanyayo okuphuzi. Izimbali, ezihluma entwasahlobo, zivela ezihlokweni ezingaba imitha elilodwa ukuphakama, nobubanzi obufinyelela ku-1cm, obunamacembe aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.

Inhliziyo yesitshalo, i-endive uqobo, inesimo esiyindilinga, nesiphetho esicijile. Iqukethe amaqabunga amhlophe agqagqene ngamathiphu aphuzi. Ingamasentimitha ayi-8-9 ubude futhi ingu-3cm ububanzi. Iyadliwa, ngoba ukunambitheka kwayo kumnandi futhi kuyaqabula kakhulu, futhi kunezici ezithakazelisayo zokudla okunomsoco nokwelapha njengoba sizobona kamuva.

Izinhlobo ezimbili ziyahlukaniswa, kuya ngokutshalwa kwazo:

• Ama-endive aphoqelelwe: bakhiqiza amahlumela kusuka ezimpandeni ezigcinwa zimnyama phakathi nezinyanga zasebusika. Zinesimo esihlanganisiwe futhi zihlangene.
• Ama-Endives awaphoqiwe: yilezo ezivunwa ekwindla.

Futhi, kunezinhlobo ezintathu ezihlukene:

• Kuyiqiniso: Isikhathi sokukhula siqala ngoSepthemba size siphele ngo-Okthoba 15, njenge-Everé yokuqala, iSecundo noma iTor.
• Umjikelezo omaphakathi: izinyanga ezikhulayo ngoMeyi nangoJuni. Ezinye izibonelo yiMazurca noma iTurbo.
• Ngemuva kwesikhathi: yizo ezisekela kangcono isitoreji efrijini, njengeNorvita, iRumbo noma iJazz.

Ikhuliswa kanjani?

Ukuhlwanyela

Uma ufuna ukutshala le mifino ekhaya, into yokuqala oyodinga ukuthenga imvilophu yezimbewu entwasahlobo. Uma usunabo, landela lesi sinyathelo esilula ngesinyathelo:

1. Gcwalisa umbhede wembewu (amathileyi esithombo, ubisi noma iziqukathi zeyogathi) nge-substrate yesiko jikelele exutshwe ne-20% perlite.
2. Bese uyinisela, ukuze imanziswe kahle.
3. Bese ufaka ubuningi bezimbewu ezimbili kusokhethi ngalinye.
4. Zimboze nge-substrate encane ukuze zingakwazi ukundiza uma umoya uvunguza kancane.
5. Ekugcineni, amanzi.

Beka umbhede wembewu endaweni lapho uthola khona ilanga ngqo uma kungenzeka usuku lonke, futhi ugcine i-substrate imanzi - kodwa ingamanzi. Uzobona ukuthi ezokuqala zizoqala kanjani ukuhluma emasontweni amabili.

Ukufakelwa

Lapho izithombo zinosayizi ongalawuleka (olinganiselwa ku-5cm ukuphakama), kuzobe sekuyisikhathi sokuzihambisa ezimbizeni ezinkulu noma engadini. Ake sibone ukuthi ungaqhubeka kanjani esimweni ngasinye:

Iya embizeni enkulu

1. Susa ngobumnene izithombo.
2. Susa i-substrate ezungeze izimpande zayo kuphela uma ukwazi. Uma kwenzeka ubona ukuthi basondelene kakhulu, gcina isithombo osibona sinempilo.
3. Gcwalisa ibhodwe elingu-20cm ububanzi ngendawo ekhula yonke exutshwe ne-20% perlite.
4. Yenza umgodi omncane-ngeminwe yakho noma ngenduku yokhuni- cishe 3cm ukujula.
5. Faka isithombo kuso, bese umboza izimpande zaso yi-substrate.
6. Amanzi.

Uma ubona izimpande ziphuma emigodini yamanzi, yidlulisele embizeni engaba ngu-40cm ububanzi.

Ukutshala engadini

1. Into yokuqala okufanele uyenze ukulungisa umhlabathi, ususe amatshe bese uwafaka umquba ngomquba.
2. Okulandelayo, kufanele wenze imisele ecishe ibe ngu-20cm ukujula.
3. Bese utshala izithombo ukuze zihlukane cishe ngama-40cm.
4. Ekugcineni uyanisela.

Umbhalisile

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukufaka umanyolo ezitshalweni ukuze zikhule kahle. Endabeni yama-endive, kufanele asetshenziswe Umanyolo wamaphepha ozokuthola ukuthengiswa kunoma iyiphi inkulisa noma isikhungo sengadi. Ungenza futhi umanyolo owenziwe ngamakhasi, njengoba sikutshela Lesi sihloko.

Izinhlupho nezifo

Amelana impela, kepha angaba nalezi zinkinga:

Izinambuzane

• Ama-Slugs: bathanda amaqabunga amathenda. Zingasuswa nganoma iyiphi i- la makhambi.
• Izikelemu ezimpunga: yizibungu zovemvane ezidla ebusuku, futhi zingcwatshwa emhlabathini emini. Cishe zingu-4cm ubude, bese zihlasela isisekelo seziqu, ukuze izitshalo zibonakale zinqunyiwe. Bangasuswa ngama-pyrethrins, noma nge-Chlorpyrifos, bafunde imiyalo ngokucophelela.

Izifo

El isikhutha Yisifo esidluliswa yisikhunta esithinta zonke izingxenye zesitshalo: amaqabunga, iziqu, lapho amabala aphuzi azovela khona ohlangothini olungaphezulu nanjengempuphu emhlophe ngaphansi, njengoba ubona esithombeni esingenhla.

Sisebenza nge ama-fungicides e-systemic, yize kungavinjelwa ngokugwema ukumunca amaqabunga nokusebenzisa i-substrate enamanzi amaningi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunconywa ukuthi ususe amakhambi akhula nxazonke.

Ukuqoqwa nokulondolozwa

Ekwindla, izinsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuziqoqa, siqhubeka sikhipha amakhandlela ukumboza ngesigaxa sephepha. Ngemuva kwesonto noma izinsuku eziyishumi, ungazisika cishe ngo-2-3cm ukusuka entanyeni yezimpande.

Lapho nje usunazo, zihlanze ngamanzi bese uzifaka ngaphakathi kupulasitiki osobala ngezinye izimbobo efrijini. Kepha ungathathi isikhathi eside ukuwadla: ngemuva kwesonto aqala ukuba mubi.

Yini ukuphoqa?

Ukuphoqa kuyindlela lapho kuhloswe ngayo ukuthola isitshalo, kulokhu endive, ukuvuthwa ngokushesha kunalokho obekungaba okujwayelekile ngoba amazinga okushisa aqala ukwehla kakhulu, noma ngenxa yezizathu zentengiso. Kwenziwa kanjena:

Ngesikhathi sokuwa, ngemuva kokuqoqa ama-endive, izimpande ziyakhishwa futhi izimpande ziyasuswa ukuze kamuva zibe nazo emabhokisini anomhlabathi ovulekile kakhulu. Ziyaniselwa, bese zifakwa endaweni emnyama embozwe ngopulasitiki opaque.

Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-30, uzobona amanye amahlumela wethenda aqala ukuphuma. Ungazisika njengoba uzidinga.

Ukusetshenziswa kwama-endive

Yimifino enomsoco kakhulu, kangangokuba inamaprotheni, amavithamini, i-phosphorus, ne-sodium ... Ngicabanga ukuthi kungcono ngikushiyele ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali 🙂:

Amanzi 94%
Amakhabhohayidrethi 3,5% (i-fiber 0,8%)
Amaprotheni 1,2%
I-Lipids 0,1%
I-Potassium 200 mg / 100 g
I-calcium 20 mg / 100 g
Isodium 8 mg / 100 g
I-Phosphorus 25 mg / 100 g
Uvithamini C 10 mg / 100 g
Uvithamini B1 0,1 mg / 100 g
Uvithamini B2 0,2 mg / 100 g

Ukusetshenziswa kokupheka

Isetshenziselwa ukwenza amasaladi, njenge Xato, okuyisidlo esijwayelekile esivela eCatalonia, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zaseGarraf nasePenedés. Inama-endive (noma ama-endive), i-cod, ama-anchovies, i-tuna kanye ne-Arbequina olive, futhi igqoke usosi wohlobo lwe-romesco owenziwe ngotamatisi, ama-ñoras, u-garlic, ama-alimondi kanye nama-hazelnut.

EFrance idliwa namasosi enziwe nge-roquefort noma lwesinaphi.

Ungayilungisa kanjani ama-endive agxishiwe?

Uma ufuna ukuzama ama-endive amnandi amnandi, qaphela:

Izithako

1. I-endive enkulu
2. 1/2 upelepele oluhlaza
3. 1/2 upelepele obomvu
4. 1/2 anyanisi obomvu
5. 1 utamatisi
6. 1 ikani le-tuna
7. Imifino emnyama engama-5
8. Utamatisi we-5 we-cherry
9. 2 wezipuni imayonnaise
10. 2 ukhukhamba
11. 10 capers
12. 1/2 isanqante
13. Amafutha omnqumo
14. Uviniga
15. Sal

Isinyathelo ngesinyathelo

1. Into yokuqala okufanele uyenze ukusika kahle utamatisi, u-anyanisi nopelepele.
2. Bese ufaka konke esitsheni, bese ufaka i-tuna, isipuni se-oregano, uwoyela womnqumo nosawoti.
3. Sihlanganisa konke kahle.
4. Manje, sisusa amaqabunga e-endive bese siwabeka kupuleti.
5. Ngemuva kwalokho, sigcwalisa ishidi ngalinye ngokulungiselela.
6. Okulandelayo, sifaka uhhafu wesanqante, ama-gherkins nama-capers esitsheni, sifaka izipuni ezimbili zemayonnaise, futhi sihlanganisa konke nomxube.
7. Ngemuva kwalokho, sithela isosi ngaphezulu kwama-endive.
8. Sika utamatisi we-cherry ngesigamu bese uwabeka enkabeni, ukuze akhe isiyingi.
9. Ekugcineni, kungezwa iminqumo emnyama eqoshiwe kanye namaqabunga e-basil.

Ungayilungisa kanjani i-endives ngeRoquefort?

Futhi uma okufunayo ukuzama ama-endives ngoshizi weRoquefort, qaphela:

Izithako

• Ama-endive ama-3 noma ama-4 amaFrance
• 200 amagremu kashizi weRoquefort
• Amagremu angama-200 ama-walnuts ahlutshiwe
• 1/2 ingilazi kakhilimu ukupheka
• Upelepele omnyama ophansi
• Amafutha omnqumo

Isinyathelo ngesinyathelo

1. Okokuqala kufanele usike amaqabunga, bese uwahlanza kancane ngamanzi. Bese bewoma.
2. Epanini, engeza izipuni ezimbalwa zamafutha noshizi weRoquefort emlilweni omncane. Lapho selincibilikile, faka ukhilimu, bese ugovuza kahle ukuze konke kuxubeke kahle, bese ucisha umlilo.
3. Manje, beka ama-walnuts emaqabunga e-endive, bese usabalalisa ushizi weRoquefort ngaphakathi kwawo ngamunye.

Izici zokwelapha

Ama-endives aqukethe i-lactucin ne-coumarin, okuyizinto ezine isenzo sokulwa nokuvuvukala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyasiza lawula amazinga kashukela egazini, futhi angakwazi izinga le-cholesterol ephansi.

Ngenxa yokuqukethwe kwayo okuphezulu kukavithamini C, kuqinisa amasosha omzimba. Futhi, njengokungathi lokho akwanele, ukuceba nge-fiber, ilwa nokuqunjelwa.

Ubucabangani ngalesi sitshalo? Kuyathakazelisa, akunjalo?